The implications of the entanglement concentration (Ce) on electrospinning process for a series linear and branched poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-ethylene isophthalate) (PET-co-PEI) copolymers with weight-average molecular weights (Mw) ranging from 11 700 to 106 000 g/mol branching index values (g') 1.0 0.43 were investigated. Analyzing dependence specific viscosity (ηsp) enabled determination semidilute unentangled, entangled, concentrated regimes PET-co-PEI solutions. Linear electrospun...

The imidazole ring is ubiquitous in nature and functionality plays a critical role many structures within the human body, notably as histamine histadine. Imidazoles offer biophysical interactions including their ability to hydrogen bond with drugs proteins. In contrast, imidazolium salts have lost strong hydrogen-bonding through alkylation of both nitrogens, but they are able aggregate electrostatically. Imidazolium used extract metal ions from aqueous solutions, dissolve carbohydrates,...

Abstract Imidazolium-based ionic liquids and liquid monomers are becoming increasingly popular in a variety of areas including biphasic reaction catalysis, electromechanical actuator membranes diluents, separation science membranes, water purification agents. Ionic first incorporated the imidazole ring 1984 this heterocyclic has emerged as focal point field. Imidazole was targeted for its ability to form cationic compounds, which molten salts at low molar mass. offer several beneficial...

Nonwoven fibrous membranes were formed from electrospinning lecithin solutions in a single processing step. As the concentration of increased, micellar morphology evolved spherical to cylindrical, and at higher concentrations cylindrical micelles overlapped entangled fashion similar polymers semi-dilute or concentrated solutions. At above onset entanglements wormlike micelles, electrospun fibers fabricated with diameters on order 1 5 micrometers. The phospholipid offer potential for direct...

The synthesis and characterization of novel self-complementary multiple hydrogen-bonded (SCMHB) polymers containing pendant 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidone (UPy) units are described. SCMHB polymers, poly(butyl acrylate-co-SCMHB methacrylate), were prepared via free radical copolymerization butyl acrylate (BA) a methacrylate (SCMHB MA) monomer, which was synthesized quantitative coupling reaction between 2-isocyanatoethyl (ICEMA) methyl isocytosine (MIS) in DMSO. glass transition temperatures...

The influence of polyelectrolyte rheological behavior on the electrospinning process was determined for a series poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate hydrochloride) (PDMAEMA·HCl) aqueous solutions in presence added NaCl. Solution studies revealed that PDMAEMA·HCl an 80/20 w/w water/methanol cosolvent displayed based scaling relationship between specific viscosity (ηsp) and concentration semidilute unentangled entangled regimes. entanglement (Ce) increased with NaCl due to screening...

High-performance, all-aromatic, insoluble, engineering thermoplastic polyimides, such as pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4'-oxydianiline (PMDA-ODA) (Kapton), exhibit exceptional thermal stability (up to ≈600 °C) mechanical properties (Young's modulus exceeding 2 GPa). However, their resistance, which is a consequence of the all-aromatic molecular structure, prohibits processing using conventional techniques. Previous reports describe an energy-intensive sintering technique alternative for...

Abstract Structure‐property relationships for polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) relate chemical structure to conductivity and reveal the importance of glass transition temperature ( T g ) energy associated with an ion‐hopping mechanism ion conduction a series alkyl‐substituted vinylimidazolium PILs. The vinylimidazolium‐based PILs varying lengths n ‐alkyl substituents provide diverse precursors exchangeable anions further enhance thermal stability conductivity. As anion size increases,...

Abstract The morphology and ionic conductivity of poly(1‐ n ‐alkyl‐3‐vinylimidazolium)‐based homopolymers polymerized from liquids were investigated as a function the alkyl chain length counterion type. In general, X‐ray scattering showed three features: (i) backbone‐to‐backbone, (ii) anion‐to‐anion, (iii) pendant‐to‐pendant characteristic distances. As increases, backbone‐to‐backbone separation increases. size anion‐to‐anion peak becomes apparent its correlation features shift to lower...

Novel acrylic monomers functionalized with nucleobase-containing units (adenine and thymine) were prepared upon aza-Michael addition successfully copolymerized n-butyl acrylate. At a content of 7 mol %, adenine-containing self-assembled into needle-like microstructures within amorphous polymer matrices as shown atomic force microscopy (AFM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), wide-angle diffraction (WAXD); thymine-containing did not aggregate distinct morphologies even to 30 %. Upon...

Detecting positive tumor margins and local malignant masses during surgery is critical for long-term patient survival. The use of image-guided removal, particularly with near-infrared fluorescent imaging, a potential method to facilitate removing all neoplastic tissue at the surgical site. In this study we demonstrate series hyaluronic acid (HLA)-derived nanoparticles that entrap dye indocyanine green, termed NanoICG, improved delivery tumors. Self-assembly was driven by conjugation one...

This Article describes the synthesis and physicomechanical properties of bioplastics prepared from methyl ω-hydroxytetradecanoic acid (Me-ω-OHC14), a new monomer available by fermentation process using an engineered Candida tropicalis strain. Melt-condensation experiments were conducted titanium tetraisopropoxide (Ti[OiPr]4) as catalyst in two-stage polymerization (2 h at 200 °C under N2, 4 220 0.1 mmHg). Poly(ω-hydroxytetradecanoate), P(ω-OHC14), Mw, determined SEC-MALLS, increased 53K to...

Abstract Recent attention surrounds bisphenol‐A (BPA) due to potential estrogen mimicry and human health hazards. The public's negative reactions these concerns threaten the commercial use of BPA requiring global polymer community investigate suitable replacements for products that demand very good thermal mechanical properties from BPA. This review highlights four classes polymers often utilize enhancing specific properties: polycarbonates, polyesters, epoxies polyimides. A compilation...

Polyamic acid (PAA) salts are amenable to photocuring additive manufacturing processes of all-aromatic polyimides. Due an structure, these high-performance polymers exceptionally chemically and thermally stable but not conventionally processable in their imidized form. The facile addition 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) commercially available poly(4,4'-oxydiphenylene pyromellitamic acid) (PMDA-ODA PAA) afforded ultraviolet curable PAA salt solutions. These readily prepared...

This commentary discusses current capabilities of vat photopolymerization, an additive manufacturing (AM) technique also known as VP, with recent advances in the literature, challenges/limitations, and future outlook novel materials design. Current trends research are broadly discussed covering a spectrum material classes such performance, medicine, energy, active parallel to their importance diverse technologies. challenges limitations VP terms properties, photodegradation, toxicity...

Photopolymerization coupled with mask projection microstereolithography successfully generated various 3D printed phosphonium polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) low UV light intensity requirements and high digital resolution. Varying monomer concentration, diacrylate cross-linking comonomer, display images enabled precise design polymeric properties. The resulting cross-linked PIL objects exhibited a synergy of thermal stability, tunable glass transition temperature, optical clarity, ion...