The Solid State Transformer (SST) is one of the key elements proposed in National Science Foundation (NSF) Generation-III Engineering Research Center (ERC) ¿Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management¿ (FREEDM) Systems Center. SST used to enable active management distributed renewable energy resources, storage devices loads. In this paper, Generation-I single-phase 20 kVA, based on 6.5 kV Si-IGBT for interface with 12 distribution system voltage. design parameters, overall...

Solid state transformer (SST) exhibits good features such as high power density, small volume and weight, controlled factor, voltage sag ride through, etc. compared with traditional line frequency transformer. The 7.2 kV AC to 120V/240V 20 kVA solid is a key component of the future renewable electric energy delivery management (FREEDM) systems interface between distribution grid low residential micro-grid. Three cascaded 6.7 high-voltage high-frequency transformers operating at 3 kHz are...

This paper presents the design and hardware implementation testing of 20kVA Gen-1 silicon based solid state transformer (SST), high input voltage isolation requirement are two major concerns for SST design. So a 6.5kV 25A dual IGBT module has been customized packaged specially this low current application, an optically coupled sensor gate driver designed in order to fulfill requirement. also discusses auxiliary power supply structure thermal management stage.

Basic power topology for a Solid State Transformer (SST) with new 15 kV SiC IGBT devices is discussed. It difficult to build high efficient, light weight, magnetically isolated solid state transformer voltage (13.8 kV) grid connectivity existing Si 6.5 rated IGBTs and diodes. Existing of the art (6.5 kV), speed (IGBT) cause considerable amount loss (switching conduction loss). With advent these limitations are largely mitigated this provides motivation topologies. The targeted efficiency...

The three-phase Solid State Transformer (SST) is one of the key elements in Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management (FREEDM) System. SST consists an input rectifier, Dual Active Bridge (DAB) bidirectional dc-dc converter followed by inverter for ac voltage output. DAB a using high frequency transformers to step up or down voltages at reduction size while maintaining efficiency reliability. single phase high-frequency high-voltage transformer two-level has been reported...

Silicon carbide (SiC) is more favorable than (Si) to build high voltage devices due its wider band-gap and higher critical field strength. Especially, the SiC MOSFETs are finding their niche in 1 kV range, which currently dominated by Si IGBTs. This paper aims at demonstrating power frequency operation of MOSFETs, as a means evaluate feasibility using for density applications. The sample chosen this study 1200 V, 20 A, co-packed with 10 A JBS diodes - manufactured CREE Inc. dual active...

In this paper, we propose an approach for integrating a series filter inductance in coaxially wound transformer (CWT) as potential alternative to conventional solenoidally transformers (SWT) high-power isolated soft-switching dc-dc converters. The critical elements that determine the size and performance of converters are isolation elements. While SWTs using stray magnetic field often suffer from considerably increased loss, heat congestion, electromagnetic interference, CWT is rarely...

In this paper, an isolation transformer with integrated filter inductances for three-phase three-port dual-active bridge (DAB) converters in the wye-wye-delta (Yyd) configuration is introduced and designed. A large number of ports phases application necessarily requires a proportionally increased components, accessories, connections. These additional parts induce significant losses electromagnetic interference during high-frequency operations. Hence, fully manipulating parasitic especially...

Abstract Highly efficient light‐trapping polymer films are designed to enhance the photocurrent of semitransparent organic photovoltaics (ST‐OPVs) in indoor and outdoor conditions. An asymmetric‐reflection film fabricated through novel combination randomly arranged nanostructures with periodically assembled microstructures exhibits selectivity for direction incident light. The effectively traps light within device by selectively reflecting that escapes from inside out. Moreover, this effect...

This paper presents the study on integration of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) to STATCOM for smoothing out intermittent output power a wind farm. Lead-acid battery type is considered as energy storage system availability and comparably simpler management system. Reviewed several modeling approaches indicating their advantages drawbacks; particulary, appropriate high applications' time-frames, current-based third order model developed. The experimental tests are conducted identify...

In this paper, high-frequency (HF) three-phase dual active bridge (DAB) dc/dc converter in wye-delta connection is characterized and the optimal condition efficiency size of practical application investigated. The proposed topology has many advantages, such as linear operation wide range full ZVS region which have been major restrictions existing single-phase DAB applications. This new approach applied to a 10kW prototype with multiple outputs mitigate switching losses using newly introduced...

This paper introduces a unique medium-voltage and high-frequency resonant coaxial-type power transformer (RCT) for power-distribution level Solid State Transformer (SST) application [1]. The dc-dc stage of the SST requires compact high performance that operates under electric stress frequency. RCT discussed in this work brings virtues transformer, which has been use radio frequency applications, to conversion applications. parasitic effects, are negligible at 60Hz, become significant concern...

The 12kV–400V dc-dc stage of a distribution level solid state transformers (SST) has been under research and development. Development 15kV SiC Mosfet allows single the converter to operate at medium voltage an operating frequency over 20kHz. Nonetheless, high rising falling time during pulse switching in dual active bridge operation is another significant obstacle realize this technology. In order understand predict response with consider common-mode via circuit analysis accurately,...

In this paper, an inductor-integrated three-winding shell-type planar transformer is designed and analyzed for three-port dual-active bridge (DAB) dc/dc converters in wye wye-delta connection. The steady-state operation principle of the proposed topology has been studied design parameters isolation are analytically determined. geometry method ac-link allows us to integrate a large number bulky inductors required three phase DAB without additional connections unanticipated parasitic effects....

This paper presents a trajectory control model using finite state machines for single-stage soft-switching grid-tied inverter designed with fast dynamic response. The targeted application is module-integrated single photovoltaic (PV) panel which interfaces distributed energy sources the grid. To minimize switching lossd provide advanced grid-connected functionality, operation achieved through resonant filter scheme. In recent years, controllers based on digital signal processing platforms...

A compensation algorithm targeting for torque development from a surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (SPMSM) including low speed operation is presented in this paper. As known, PM flux linkage SPMSM varied by temperature. Because Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA) look up table (LUT), control used minimizing copper losses, generated using calculated linkage, change of yields error drive. In the manuscript, estimated obtained stator observer. The corrected linkage. proposed...

A compensation algorithm targeting torque development from an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) is presented in this paper. Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTPA) lookup table (LUT) applied for copper loss minimization uses the estimated flux linkage, and error occurs because of PM linkage variation. In paper, proposed, a control proposed to reduce applying stator observer. Permanent using observer initially developed MTPA-LUT error.

A structure and layout of printed-circuit-board (PCB) have a considerable impact on the overall system efficiency switching performance for high-frequency applications. The current distribution copper traces can be significantly distorted due to eddy proximity effects as frequency increases. Also, stray inductances are main source destructive ringing electromagnetic interference (EMI). They both often designed minimized, however, it is difficult quantify design in complex geometry PCB...

When light transmits into the solar cell, reflection occurs at interface between air and an absorptive medium lowers cell efficiency. In this study, we present micro-dome structured anti-reflection (AR) films fabricated via simple imprinting technique. The functionality of film in photovoltaic devices is evaluated, revealing reduced caused by gradient refractive index effect omnidirectional antireflection behavior, which lead to enhance performance under both outdoor indoor lighting....

Inverted organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have been studied due to the low stability in conventional structure. For inverted OPVs, insertion of electron transport layer (ETL) between photoactive and cathode is essential improve power conversion efficiency ,and metal oxide (e.g. ZnO) conjugated polyelectrolyte widely used . In most studies, optimization mechanism analysis focused under AM 1.5 sun condition. However, working OPVs varies depending on light intensity, thereby further understanding...