A5030555221- Hydrogen Storage and Materials
- Crystallography and molecular interactions
- Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction
- Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Advancements in Battery Materials
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Organic and Molecular Conductors Research
- Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Nonlinear Optical Materials Research
- Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Muon and positron interactions and applications
- Fullerene Chemistry and Applications
- Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
- Crystal Structures and Properties
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Membrane Separation and Gas Transport
- Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Inorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds
- Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
- Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
- Photochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies
- Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics
National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development
2019-2024
Sapienza University of Rome
2015-2022
University of Bologna
1991-2005
Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research
2002-2005
In the Pre-Concept Design Phase of EU-DEMO, work package TFV (Tritium – Matter Injection Vacuum) has developed a tritium self-sufficient three-loop fuel cycle architecture. Driven by need to reduce inventory in systems an absolute minimum, this requires continual recirculation gases loops without storage, avoiding hold-ups each process stage giving preference continuous over batch technologies, and immediate use extracted from breeding blankets. order achieve goal, number novel concepts...
Crystals of tetracene have been studied by means lattice phonon Raman spectroscopy as a function temperature and pressure. Two different phases (polymorphs I II) obtained, depending on sample preparation history. Polymorph is the most frequently grown phase, stable at ambient conditions. Application pressure above $1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GPa}$ yields polymorph II, which also obtained cooling below $140\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. However, conditions for inducing phase...
Single crystals of pentacene with different morphologies (polymorphs C and H) have been studied by Raman spectroscopy as a function temperature from 79 to 300 K. All active lattice modes range low-frequency intramolecular identified assigned. The experiments are compared quasi harmonic dynamics (QHLD) calculations the crystallographic structures vibrational frequencies temperature. Experiments both indicate that two polymorphs stable over wide range.
Abstract Hydride conversion reactions have been recently proposed and verified experimentally on simple binary ternary H‐containing materials. Herein, we show for the first time incorporation of lithium alanates, that is, LiAlH 4 Li 3 AlH 6 , as active materials in negative electrodes rechargeable cells. Samples were prepared by mechanochemical treatment. Characterization samples was performed X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy....
Novel chemistries for secondary batteries are investigated worldwide in order to boost the development of next-generation rechargeable storage systems and especially lithium-devices. High capacity anode materials Li-ion cells at center stage R&D improve performances. In this view, conversion an exciting playground. Among various proposed class anodes, metal hydrides probably most challenging promising due high theoretical capacities, instability toward standard carbonate-based electrolytes,...
Non-evaporable getters (NEGs) are metallic compounds of the IV group, particularly titanium and/or zirconium-based alloys and usually used as pumps in vacuum technologies since they able to sorb, by chemical reactions, most active gas molecules, with particular efficacy towards hydrogen isotopes. This work suggests an alternative application these materials fusion nuclear reactors, where there is need recover small amount tritium from large helium flow rate composing primary coolant loop....
Hydrogen permeation sparked a renewed interest in the second half of 20th century due to favorable features this element as an energy factor. Furthermore, niche applications such nuclear fusion gained attention for highest selectivity ensured by self-supported dense metallic membranes, especially those consisting Pd-based alloys. In framework, ENEA Frascati laboratories have decades experience manufacturing, integration, and operation Pd-Ag permeators. Most experimental investigations were...
As a substitute for graphite, the negative electrode material commonly used in Li-ion batteries, hydrides have theoretical potential to overcome performance limits of current state-of-the-art cells. Hydrides can operate through conversion process proved some interstitial like MgH2: MxAy + n Li = x M y LimA, where m n/y. Even if far from optimization, outstanding performances were observed, drawing attention whole hydride family. Looking high capacity systems, lightweight complex metal...
The interest of the fusion community in Pd-Ag membranes has grown last decades due to high value hydrogen permeability and possibility continuous operation, making it a promising technology when gaseous stream isotopes must be recovered separated from other impurities. This is case Tritium Conditioning System (TCS) European power plant demonstrator, called DEMO. paper presents an experimental numerical activity aimed at (i) assessing permeator performance under TCS-relevant conditions, (ii)...
The crystal structure and phonon dynamics of pentacene is computed with the Quasi Harmonic Lattice Dynamics (QHLD) method, based on atom-atom potential. We show that two crystalline phases exist, rather similar in thermodynamic stability molecular density. can be easily distinguished by Raman spectroscopy 10-100 cm-1 spectral region. have not found any temperature induced phase transition, whereas a sluggish change to denser pressure. bandwidths are slightly different. charge carrier...
Application of about 0.8 GPa pressure is sufficient to induce the neutral-ionic transition in mixed stack charge-transfer crystal 2-chloro-5-methyl-p-phenylenediamine--2,5-dimethyl-dicyanoquinonediimine (ClMePD-DMeDCNQI). The ionicity increases continuously from $\ensuremath{\sim}0.35$ at ambient conditions $\ensuremath{\sim}0.65$ when raised up 2 GPa. Moreover, dimerization begins well before crossing interface. evolution similar what observed temperature-induced phase change same compound....
Nanocrystalline samples of Mg-Fe-H were synthesized by mixing MgH2 and Fe in a 2:1 molar ratio hand grinding (MIX) or reactive ball milling (RBM) high-pressure vial. Hydrogenation procedures performed at various temperatures order to promote the full conversion Mg2FeH6. Pure Mg2FeH6 was obtained only for RBM material cycled 485 °C. This extremely pure sample investigated as an anode lithium batteries. The reversible electrochemical incorporation de-incorporation reactions analyzed view...
We report a high-pressure optical study of pentacene by Raman, absorption, and reflectance spectroscopy. Two modifications, denoted C H, were used as starting material. Raman spectra indicate sluggish phase transition the polymorph to H-phase with very low onset pressure 0.2 GPa. The remains stable up at least 11 vibrational properties H in this range modeled lattice dynamics calculations. absorption edge exhibits initial red shift about —80meV/GPa. At pressures near 10 GPa ππ* reflection...
We have investigated the high-pressure properties of molecular crystal para-diiodobenzene, by combining optical absorption, reflectance, and Raman experiments with Car-Parrinello simulations. The absorption edge exhibits a large red shift from 4 eV at ambient conditions to about 2 near 30 GPa. Reflectance measurements up 80 GPa indicate redistribution oscillator strength toward near-infrared. calculations, which describe correctly two known phases pressure, predict nonmolecular metallic...
Raman and polarized infrared spectra of the mixed stack charge transfer crystals 2-chloro-5-methyl-p-phenylenediamine–2,5-dimethyl-dicyanoquinonediimine (ClMePD–DMeDCNQI) are reported as a function temperature. A detailed spectral interpretation allows us to gain new insight into temperature induced neutral–ionic transition in this compound. In particular, crossing borderline appears be quite different from that few known phase transitions. First, ionicity change is continuous. Furthermore,...
Automotive and stationary energy storage are among the most recently-proposed still unfulfilled applications for lithium ion devices. Higher energy, power superior safety standards, well beyond present state of art, actually required to extend Li-ion battery market these challenging fields, but such a goal can only be achieved by development new materials with improved performances. Focusing on negative electrode materials, alloying conversion chemistries have been widely explored in last...