A5024657765- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant Disease Management Techniques
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Banana Cultivation and Research
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
- Garlic and Onion Studies
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Powdery Mildew Fungal Diseases
- Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
University of Kentucky
2004-2023
Plant (United States)
2009-2017
Cornell University
1990
Annual decreases in corn yield caused by diseases were estimated surveying members of the Corn Disease Working Group 22 corn-producing states United States and Ontario, Canada, from 2012 through 2015. Estimated loss each disease varied greatly state year. In general, foliar such as northern leaf blight, gray spot, Goss's wilt commonly largest Ontario during non-drought years. Fusarium stalk rot plant-parasitic nematodes most southern-most States. The mean economic due to 2015 was $76.51 USD...
Gray leaf spot caused by Pyricularia grisea is a highly destructive disease of perennial ryegrass turf. Control gray dependent on the use preventative fungicide treatments. Strobilurin-based (Q o I) fungicides, which inhibit cytochrome bc 1 respiratory complex, have proven to be very effective against spot. However, in August 2000, was diagnosed Q I-treated turf golf courses Lexington, KY, Champaign, IL, and Bloomington, IL. To determine if resistance due mutation target, b gene (CYTB)...
Nucleic acid–based (NA-based) detection techniques are becoming fundamental for the applied plant pathologist. Their speed, sensitivity, specificity, versatility have resulted in use of these tools to address an increasing number questions and hypotheses. In order based best advantage, it is important recognize only their advantages but also limitations, such as possibility particular NA-based tests may not complete specificity interest that organism. The distinction between disease...
In August 2000, azoxystrobin was ineffective in controlling gray leaf spot of perennial ryegrass at a golf course Lexington, KY and two courses Illinois. Isolates suspected being fungicide-resistant ("suspect isolates") were compared to "baseline" isolates obtained from sites with no known use quinol-oxidizing inhibitor (QoI) fungicides. Conidial germination Pyricularia grisea tested vitro 100 μg salicylhydroxamic acid per ml. For baseline isolates, 50% effective concentration (EC50) values...
Glucosinolates (GSLs), a group of compounds found in Brassica plants, are toxic to some soil-borne plant pathogens because the toxicity their hydrolysis products, isothiocyanates. Other phytochemicals such as phenols and ascorbic acid, may compliment activity GSLs. A survey accessions from national germplasm repository was conducted identify potential cover crops that could be soil-incorporated for use biofumigants. Ten demonstrated relative cold tolerance, rapid maturity, superior biomass...
Genetic engineering (GE) offers an expanding array of strategies for enhancing disease resistance crop plants in sustainable ways, including the potential reduced pesticide usage. Certain GE applications involve transgenesis, some cases creating a metabolic pathway novel to crop. In other cases, only cisgenessis is employed. yet engineered genetic changes can be so minimal as indistinguishable from natural mutations. Thus, crops vary substantially and should evaluated risks, benefits, social...
Dollar spot ( Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F.T. Bennett) is a common fungal disease of creeping bentgrass Agrostis palustris Hudson). Field experiments were conducted to quantify the effects leaf surface moisture displacement, N fertilization, and collecting or leaving clippings on severity dollar spot. Tests A. cv. Penncross maintained at 0.6 cm (putting green height) turf containing annual bluegrass Poa annua L.) 1.1 (fairway height). Six mowing treatments, four which displaced morning three...
Gray leaf spot [ Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc.] has become a great concern for turf managers. Large losses of perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.) caused by P. epidemics have occurred in recent years. This field study was conducted to investigate the effects two maintenance practices on severity gray managed as golf course fairways and roughs. The initiated 1998 repeated 1999 at Lexington, KY. Treatments were mowing heights (1.9 6.4 cm) with split‐plot treatment monthly applications...
Computer simulations of fungicide loading in surface water runoff were conducted with fungicides commonly used golf course fairways and lawns Kentucky. For all fungicides, values for degradation half-life organic carbon partition coefficient obtained from published sources; other input parameters selected to simulate conditions typical local swards. Spray programs tested using a 21-year period weather data Lexington, KY. Predicted amounts determined, predicted concentrations (mg/liter)...
Dollar spot was allowed to develop from natural inoculum in 15 cultivars of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris) until epidemics were well established. At that time, initial disease intensities assessed, and one-half each plot treated with cyproconazole at 0.3 kg a.i./ha. For cultivar, assessed 6 14 days after treatment both untreated subplots. Three general patterns recovery observed: (i) significant only fungicide treatment; (ii) some without but greater (iii) equal or treatment. Only...
Vincelli, P. C., and Lorbeer, J. W. 1987. Sequential sampling plan for timing initial fungicide application to control Botrytis leaf blight of onion. Phytopathology 77:1301-1303. A sequential (SSP) that optimizes intensity levels (M), where yu ranged from 0.2 1.8 lesions per at lesion determining disease in onion fields was increments. For y > 1.0 1.4 50 computer-simulated counts representing sequentially sampled leaf, conclusions were generally reached after 15-35 plants, plants until it...
Many fungal pathogens require free water to cause infections. In high‐maintenance turfgrass systems, accumulations of dew are an important source this water. Little is known about the amount or rate on turfgrasses under golf course maintenance regimes. Experiments were conducted in 1994 and 1995 measure separately different sources as they accumulated throughout night irrigated creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis palustris Huds.) maintained a fairway. Sources separated (i) condensate (ii)...
Polymerase chain reaction-based detection of plant-associated microbes depends on physical disruption tissues the host and microorganism in order to liberate nucleic acids during extraction. Using six types plant as well an oospore preparation Phytophthora capsici, we evaluated use pressure-cycling technology (PCT) compared with several common techniques for tissue disruption. With all tested, bead-beating provided excellent yields amplifiable acid, a few inconsistent exceptions. The PCT did...
Including open alleys at ends of plots is a common practice when field-testing foliar fungicides used in corn production. Open facilitate movement workers and equipment between during spray application. affect crop yield estimates small typically replicated, randomized experimental designs, because reduced interplant competition. However, no published research has tested whether the alley effect interacts with fungicide to bias assessment agronomic effects latter. We this hypothesis over 2...