A5103249475- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Optimal Experimental Design Methods
- Economic Theory and Policy
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- International Development and Aid
- Statistical Methods and Inference
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Global trade and economics
- Global Financial Crisis and Policies
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Political Economy and Marxism
- Firm Innovation and Growth
- Sports Science and Education
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Frailty in Older Adults
- Economic Theory and Institutions
- Health and Medical Studies
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Indian Economic and Social Development
- African history and culture studies
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Economic Growth and Productivity
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
2025
Cornell University
2025
Statistics Austria
2012-2024
European Commission
2022-2024
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
2010-2024
European Union
2022
Széchenyi István University
2022
Institute for Computer Science and Control
2022
Medical University of Vienna
2009-2021
Johannes Kepler University of Linz
1984-2018
A general method for statistical testing in experiments with an adaptive interim analysis is proposed. The based on the observed error probabilities from disjoint subsamples before and after analysis. Formally, intersection of individual null hypotheses tested by combining two p-values into a global test statistic. Stopping rules Fisher's product criterion terms critical limits p-value first subsample are introduced, including early stopping case missing effects. control qualitative...
‘Multistage testing with adaptive designs’ was the title of an article by Peter Bauer that appeared 1989 in German journal Biometrie und Informatik Medizin Biologie . The does not exist anymore but methodology found widespread interest scientific community over past 25 years. use such multistage designs raised many controversial discussions from beginning on, especially after publication and Köhne 1994 Biometrics : Broad enthusiasm about potential applications faced critical positions...
The P-value is a random variable derived from the distribution of test statistic used to analyze data set and null hypothesis. Under hypothesis, based on continuous has uniform over interval [0, 1], regardless sample size experiment. In contrast, under alternative hypothesis function both true value or range values tested parameter. characteristics, such as mean percentiles, can give valuable insight into how behaves for variety parameter sizes. Potential applications design, analysis,...
In the development of medical treatments, identification promising therapies and inference on selected treatments are usually performed in subsequent separate trials. An adaptive two-stage design is proposed for situation multiple to be compared with a control, allowing integration both steps within single confirmatory trial controlling level α. After interim analysis, may terminated early or continued second stage, where set reduced due lack efficacy safety problems. The procedure highly...
We present a method that extends the flexibility of adaptive designs to number interim analyses and choice decision boundaries. At each stage trial, design next can be determined using all information gathered so far. Additionally, one specify as final or plan further analysis. The is based on recursive application two-stage combination tests for p values. crucial point appropriate definition value function combines values from two separate stages single value. Formally, we start with test....
Abstract Integrating selection and confirmation phases into a single trial can expedite the development of new treatments allows to use all accumulated data in decision process. In this paper we review adaptive treatment based on combination tests propose overall adjusted p ‐values simultaneous confidence intervals. Also point estimation trials is considered. The methodology illustrated detailed example an actual planned study. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PERHAPS never in the history of economic thought, and certainly not since crash 1929; has analysis lagged so far behind demands policy as it does at present. The elevation development to top ranks issues, under-developed advanced countries alike, caught professional economists more than ever unprepared deal with most pressing problem moment. One result this unusually large inflationary gap between demand for solid recommendations supply them been an unprecedented concentration economists'...
The number of reported coronavirus disease (COVID-19) deaths per 100,000 persons observed so far in 2020 is described 15 European countries and the USA as dependent on age groups sex. It compared with corresponding historic all-cause mortality year depending sex these countries. Some common features exist although substantial differences dependency COVID-19 were noted between An exponential increase a good model to describe analyze both above 40 years old, where almost all occur. Moreover,...
Inferential test strategies for multi-arm trials are adapted or proposed the special situation when more than one dose of a treatment, placebo and active control(s) compared. This includes between doses, dose–placebo dose–active-control comparisons. The procedures refer to situations detailed comparisons make sense only if sensitivity trial has been shown, example, dose–response relationship difference control established. Split strategies, hierarchical (assuming an order restriction among...
Proschan and Hunsberger (1995) suggest the use of a conditional error function to construct two stage test that meets α level allows very flexible reassessment sample size after interim analysis. In this note we show several adaptive designs can be formulated in terms such an function. The power defined similarly provides simple method for designs.