A5031128472- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Environmental Policies and Emissions
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- International Environmental Law and Policies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- COVID-19 impact on air quality
- European and International Law Studies
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Marine and Offshore Engineering Studies
NILU
2015-2024
Kjeller Innovasjon (Norway)
2024
Abstract. European scale harmonized monitoring of atmospheric composition was initiated in the early 1970s, and activity has generated a comprehensive dataset (available at http://www.emep.int) which allows evaluation regional spatial trends air pollution during period nearly 40 yr. Results from made within EMEP, Monitoring Evaluation Programme, show large reductions ambient concentrations deposition sulphur species last decades. Reductions are order 70–90% since year 1980, correspond well...
Abstract. In spring 2006, the European Arctic was abnormally warm, setting new historical temperature records. During this warm period, smoke from agricultural fires in Eastern Europe intruded into and caused most severe air pollution episodes ever recorded there. This paper confirms that biomass burning (BB) indeed source of observed pollution, studies transport Arctic, presents an overview observations taken during episode. Fire detections MODIS instruments aboard Aqua Terra satellites...
Abstract. This paper presents a summary of the work done within European Union's Seventh Framework Programme project ECLIPSE (Evaluating Climate and Air Quality Impacts Short-Lived Pollutants). had unique systematic concept for designing realistic effective mitigation scenario short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs; methane, aerosols ozone, their precursor species) quantifying its air quality impacts, this results in context overarching strategy. The first step was to create new emission...
Abstract Background Residential wood combustion is now recognized as a major particle source in many developed countries, and the number of studies investigating negative health effects associated with smoke exposure currently increasing. The appliances use today provide highly variable conditions resulting large variations physicochemical characteristics emitted particles. These differences properties are likely to influence biological induced by Outline focus this review discuss present...
A reliable assessment of the optical properties atmospheric black carbon is crucial importance for an accurate estimation radiative forcing. In this study we investigated spatio-temporal variability mass absorption cross-section (MAC) carbon, defined as light coefficient ( σ ap ) divided by elemental concentration m EC ). and have been monitored at supersites ACTRIS network a minimum period one year. The 9 rural background sites considered in cover southern Scandinavia, central Europe...
Abstract. A new organic aerosol module has been implemented into the EMEP chemical transport model. Four different volatility basis set (VBS) schemes have tested in long-term simulations for Europe, covering six years 2002–2007. Different assumptions regarding partitioning of primary and aging semi-volatile intermediate carbon (S/IVOC) species secondary (SOA) explored. Model results are compared to filter measurements, mass spectrometry (AMS) data source apportionment studies, as well other...
Ahead of measures to incentivise wood heating, the current level burning in London was assessed by two tracer methods; i) a six week campaign daily measurements levoglucosan along 38 km transect across city during winter 2010, ii) three year (2009–2011) measurement programme black carbon and particulate matter from using differential IR UV absorption Aethalometer. Mean concentrations were 160 ± 17 ng m−3 central 30 26 greater suburbs, with good temporal correlation (r2 = 0.68–0.98) between...
During summer of 2004, about 2.7 million hectare boreal forest burned in Alaska, the largest annual area on record, and another 3.1 Canada. This study explores impact emissions from these fires light absorbing aerosol concentration levels, optical depths (AOD), albedo at Arctic stations Barrow (Alaska), Alert (Canada), Summit (Greenland), Zeppelin/Ny Ålesund Spitsbergen (Norway). The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART was run backward sites to identify periods that were influenced...
Abstract. Particulate matter was collected at an urban site in Göteborg (Sweden) February/March 2005 and June/July 2006. Additional samples were a rural for the winter period. Total carbon (TC) concentrations 2.1–3.6 μg m−3, 1.8–1.9 2.2–3.0 m−3 urban/winter, rural/winter, urban/summer conditions, respectively. Elemental (EC), organic (OC), water-insoluble OC (WINSOC), water-soluble (WSOC) analyzed 14C order to distinguish fossil from non-fossil emissions. As wood burning is single major...
In this paper the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) MSC‐W model is used to assess our understanding of sources carbonaceous aerosol in Europe (organic carbon (OC), elemental (EC), or their sum, total (TC)). The modeling work makes use new data from two extensive measurement campaigns Europe, those CARBOSOL project EMEP EC/OC campaign. As well as EC OC measurements, we are able compare with levoglucosan, a tracer wood‐burning emissions, source apportionment (SA) analysis...
Abstract. Sugars and sugar-alcohols are demonstrated to be important constituents of the ambient aerosol water-soluble organic carbon fraction, tracers for primary biological particles (PBAP). In present study, levels four sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose, trehalose) three (arabitol, inositol, mannitol) in aerosols have been quantified using a novel HPLC/HRMS-TOF (High Performance Liquid Chromatography combination with High Resolution Mass Spectrometry – Time Flight) method assess...
Abstract. In the present study, ambient aerosol (PM10) concentrations of elemental carbon (EC), organic (OC), and total (TC) are reported for 12 European rural background sites two urban following a one-year (1 July 2002–1 2003) sampling campaign within Monitoring Evaluation Programme, EMEP http://www.emep.int/). The purpose was to assess feasibility performing EC OC monitoring on regular basis obtain an overview spatial seasonal variability regional scale in Europe. Analyses were performed...
Exposure to ambient particulate matter has been associated with a number of adverse health effects. Particle characteristics such as size, surface area and chemistry seem influence the negative effects particles. In this study, combustion particles from vehicle exhaust wood smoke, currently used in biological experiments, were analysed respect microstructure chemistry.Vehicle collected road tunnel during two seasons, without use studded tires, whereas smoke was stove single-stage combustion....
Abstract. Aerosol particles experience hygroscopic growth in the ambient atmosphere. Their optical properties – especially aerosol light scattering are therefore strongly dependent on relative humidity (RH). In-situ measurements of long-term observations usually performed under dry conditions (RH>30–40%). The knowledge this RH effect is eminent importance for climate forcing calculations or comparison remote sensing with in-situ measurements. This study combines and model to describe...
Abstract. In the present study, natural and anthropogenic sources of particulate organic carbon (OCp) elemental (EC) have been quantified based on weekly filter samples PM10 (particles with aerodynamic diameter <10 μm) collected at four Nordic rural background sites [Birkenes (Norway), Hyytiälä (Finland), Vavihill (Sweden), Lille Valby, (Denmark)] during late summer (5 August–2 September 2009). Levels source specific tracers, i.e. cellulose, levoglucosan, mannitol 14C/12C ratio total...
Isotopes pinpoint strong seasonal variations in black carbon sources with consistent patterns at sites around the Arctic.
Abstract. The third intensive measurement period (IMP) organised by the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) under UNECE CLTRAP took place in summer 2012 winter 2013, with PM10 filter samples concurrently collected at 20 (16 EMEP) regional background sites across Europe for subsequent analysis of their mineral dust content. All were analysed same or a comparable methodology. Higher loadings observed most (0.5–10 µg m−3) compared to (0.2–2 m−3), elevated concentrations...
Abstract Aerosols play an important yet uncertain role in modulating the radiation balance of sensitive Arctic atmosphere. Organic aerosol is one most abundant, least understood, fractions mass. Here we use data from eight observatories that represent entire to reveal annual cycles anthropogenic and biogenic sources organic aerosol. We show during winter, dominated by emissions, mainly Eurasia, which consist both direct combustion emissions long-range transported, aged pollution. In summer,...
Abstract. The Zeppelin Observatory (78.90∘ N, 11.88∘ E) is located on Mountain at 472 m a.s.l. Spitsbergen, the largest island of Svalbard archipelago. Established in 1989, observatory part Ny-Ålesund Research Station and an important atmospheric measurement site, one only a few high Arctic, several European global monitoring programmes research infrastructures, notably Monitoring Evaluation Programme (EMEP); Arctic Assessment (AMAP); Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW); Aerosol, Clouds Trace...
Abstract The Arctic is warming two to three times faster than the global average, and role of aerosols not well constrained. Aerosol number concentrations can be very low in remote environments, rendering local cloud radiative properties highly sensitive available aerosol. composition sources climate-relevant aerosols, affecting formation altering their microphysics, remain largely elusive due a lack harmonized concurrent multi-component, multi-site, multi-season observations. Here, we...
Primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP) play an important role in the climate system, facilitating formation of ice within clouds, consequently PBAP may be understanding rapidly changing Arctic. Within this work, we use single-particle fluorescence spectroscopy to identify and quantify at Arctic mountain site, with transmission electronic microscopy analysis supporting presence PBAP. We find that concentrations range between 10-3-10-1 L-1 peak summer. Evidences suggest terrestrial...
Phthalates are found in numerous consumer products, including interior materials like polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Several studies have identified phthalates indoor air. A recent case-control study demonstrated associations between allergic symptoms children and the concentration of dust collected from their homes. Here we analyzed content selected particulate matter (PM): PM(10) PM(2.5) filter samples 14 different environments. The results showed presence di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), butyl...
Abstract. Levoglucosan, a highly specific tracer of particulate matter from biomass burning, has been used to study the influence residential wood agricultural waste burning and Boreal forest fire emissions on Arctic atmosphere black carbon (BC) concentration. A one-year time series March 2008 2009 levoglucosan established at Zeppelin observatory in European Arctic. Elevated concentrations winter (mean: 1.02 ng m−3) compared summer 0.13 were observed, resembling seasonal variation seen for...