A5050562778- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Noise Effects and Management
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Heavy metals in environment
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Environmental Policies and Emissions
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Bryophyte Studies and Records
- Smart Materials for Construction
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Climate variability and models
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
Imperial College London
2021-2025
MRC Centre for Environment and Health
2014-2025
NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre
2023
King's College London
2006-2020
University of Hertfordshire
2004
Ahead of measures to incentivise wood heating, the current level burning in London was assessed by two tracer methods; i) a six week campaign daily measurements levoglucosan along 38 km transect across city during winter 2010, ii) three year (2009–2011) measurement programme black carbon and particulate matter from using differential IR UV absorption Aethalometer. Mean concentrations were 160 ± 17 ng m−3 central 30 26 greater suburbs, with good temporal correlation (r2 = 0.68–0.98) between...
Organic aerosol (OA) is a key component of total submicron particulate matter (PM1), and comprehensive knowledge OA sources across Europe crucial to mitigate PM1 levels. has well-established air quality research infrastructure from which yearlong datasets using 21 chemical speciation monitors (ACSMs) 1 mass spectrometer (AMS) were gathered during 2013-2019. It includes 9 non-urban 13 urban sites. This study developed state-of-the-art source apportionment protocol analyse long-term spectrum...
Although leaded gasoline was banned at the end of last century, lead (Pb) remains significantly enriched in airborne particles large cities. The remobilization historical Pb deposited soils from atmospheric removal has been suggested as an important source providing evidence for hypothetical long-term persistency lead, and possibly other pollutants, urban environment. Here, we present data on isotopic composition collected London (2014 to 2018), which provide strong support that via...
This study analyzed the variability of equivalent black carbon (eBC) mass concentrations and their sources in urban Europe to provide insights into use eBC as an advanced air quality (AQ) parameter for AQ standards. compiled concentration datasets covering period between 2006 2022 from 50 measurement stations, including 23 background (UB), 18 traffic (TR), 7 suburban (SUB), 2 regional (RB) sites. The results highlighted need harmonization measurements allow direct comparisons measured across...
The 2017–2019 hourly particle number size distributions (PNSD) from 26 sites in Europe and 1 the US were evaluated focusing on 16 urban background (UB) 6 traffic (TR) framework of Research Infrastructures services reinforcing air quality monitoring capacities European URBAN & industrial areaS (RI-URBANS) project. main objective was to describe phenomenology ultrafine particles (UFP) with a significant focus. varying lower detection limits made it difficult compare PN concentrations (PNC),...
A reliable determination of equivalent black carbon (eBC) mass concentrations derived from filter absorption photometers (FAPs) measurements depends on the appropriate quantification cross-section (MAC) for converting coefficient (babs) to eBC. This study investigates spatial–temporal variability MAC obtained simultaneous elemental (EC) and babs performed at 22 sites. We compared different methodologies retrieving eBC integrating options calculating including: locally derived, median value...
Abstract Air quality and heat are strong health drivers, their accurate assessment forecast important in densely populated urban areas. However, the sources processes leading to high concentrations of main pollutants, such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide, fine coarse particulate matter, complex areas not fully understood, limiting our ability air accurately. This paper introduces Clean for London (ClearfLo; www.clearflo.ac.uk) project’s interdisciplinary approach investigate poor elevated...
Abstract. We report on more than 3 years of measurements fluxes methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO) and dioxide (CO2) taken by eddy-covariance in central London, UK. Mean annual emissions CO2 the period 2012–2014 (39.1 ± 2.4 ktons km−2 yr−1) CO (89 16 tons were consistent (within 1 5 % respectively) with values from London Atmospheric Emissions Inventory, but measured CH4 (72 over two-fold larger inventory value. Seasonal variability was large for a winter to summer reduction 69 %, monthly...
Despite the London Underground (LU) handling on average 2.8 million passenger journeys per day, characteristics and potential health effects of elevated concentrations metal-rich PM2.5 found in this subway system are not well understood. Spatial monitoring campaigns were carried out to characterise health-relevant chemical physical properties across LU network, including diurnal day-to-day variability spatial distribution (above ground, depth below ground line). Population-weighted station...
This research quantifies current sources of non-exhaust particulate matter traffic emissions in London using simultaneous, highly time-resolved, atmospheric mass and chemical composition measurements. The measurement campaign ran at Marylebone Road (roadside) Honor Oak Park (background) urban monitoring sites over a 12-month period between 1 September 2019 31 August 2020. data were used to determine the increment (roadside–background) covered range meteorological conditions, seasons, driving...
Source emissions with high covariance degrade the performance of multivariate models, and often highly-time resolved data is needed to accurately extract contribution different emissions. Here, we use highly time-resolved size segregated elemental composition apportion sources fraction PM in Zürich (May 2019–May 2020). For collection, have used an ambient metals monitor, Xact 625i, equipped a sampling inlet alternating between PM2.5 PM10. By implementing interpolation newly proposed...
This study aims to picture the phenomenology of urban ambient total lung deposited surface area (LDSA) (including head/throat (HA), tracheobronchial (TB), and alveolar (ALV) regions) based on multiple path particle dosimetry (MPPD) model during 2017-2019 period collected from background (UB, n = 15), traffic (TR, 6), suburban (SUB, 4), regional (RB, 1) monitoring sites in Europe (25) USA (1). Briefly, spatial-temporal distribution characteristics deposition LDSA, including diel, weekly,...
Ultrafine particles (UFP, those with diameters ≤ 100 nm), have been reported to potentially penetrate deeply into the respiratory system, translocate through alveoli, and affect various organs, correlating increased mortality. The aim of this study is assess long-term trends (5–11 years) in mostly urban UFP concentrations based on measurements particle number size distributions (PNSD). Additionally, other pollutants meteorological variables were evaluated support interpretations. PNSD...
Abstract. Trace element measurements in PM10–2.5, PM2.5–1.0 and PM1.0–0.3 aerosol were performed with 2 h time resolution at kerbside, urban background rural sites during the ClearfLo winter 2012 campaign London. The environment-dependent variability of emissions was characterized using Multilinear Engine implementation positive matrix factorization model, conducted on data sets comprising all three but segregated by size. Combining enabled separation sources high temporal covariance...
Abstract. Measuring the chemical composition of airborne particulate matter (PM) can provide valuable information on concentration regulated toxic metals, support modelling approaches for source detection and assist in identification validation abatement techniques. Undertaking these at a high time resolution (1 h or less) enables receptor techniques to be more robustly linked emission processes. This study describes comprehensive laboratory field evaluation x-ray fluorescence (XRF)...
Abstract. Ambient concentrations of trace elements with 2 h time resolution were measured in PM10–2.5, PM2.5–1.0 and PM1.0–0.3 size ranges at kerbside, urban background rural sites London during winter 2012. Samples collected using rotating drum impactors (RDIs) subsequently analysed synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (SR-XRF). Quantification kerb increments (defined as kerb-to-urban urban-to-rural concentration ratios, respectively), assessment diurnal weekly...
There is increasing evidence of potential health impacts from both aircraft noise and aircraft-associated ultrafine particles (UFP). Measurements UFP are however scarce near airports so their variability relationship not well understood. Particle number size distributions levels were measured at two locations Gatwick airport (UK) in 2018-19 with the aim to characterize particle concentrations (PNC) link PNC sources, especially UFP, noise. Positive Matrix Factorization was used on...
Direct measurements of NOx concentration and flux were made from a tall tower in central London, UK as part the Clean Air for London (ClearfLo) project. Fast time resolution (10 Hz) NO NO2 concentrations measured combined with fast vertical wind to provide top-down estimates using eddy covariance technique. Measured fluxes usually positive ranged close zero at night 2000–8000 ng m–2 s–1 during day. Peak observed morning, coincident maximum traffic flow. Measurements have been scaled compared...
Concentrations of particulate matter (PM
Atmospheric particulate black carbon has been linked to adverse health outcomes. Additional measurements would aid a better understanding of population exposure in epidemiological studies as well the success, or otherwise, relevant abatement technologies and policies. Two light absorption measurement methods particles collected on filters have applied four different types provide estimations concentrations. The ratio transmittance (lnI0/I) reflectance (lnR0/R) varied by filter type ranged...
Abstract. Particulate matter (PM) poses both health and climate risks. Understanding pollution sources is therefore crucial for effective mitigation. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) of Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) data a powerful tool to quantify organic aerosol (OA) sources. A year-long study ACSM from London's Marylebone Road monitoring station during the COVID-19 pandemic provides insights into impact lockdown Eat Out To Help (EOTHO) scheme, which offered support...