A5054008224- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Noise Effects and Management
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Vehicle Noise and Vibration Control
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Global Health Care Issues
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Acoustic Wave Phenomena Research
- Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
- COVID-19 impact on air quality
- Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Vehicle emissions and performance
University of Leicester
2018-2025
NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre
2020-2025
National Institute for Health Research
2016-2025
Leicester General Hospital
2023-2025
University College London
2023-2024
Glenfield Hospital
2024
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
2024
Imperial College London
2013-2023
ASL Roma
2023
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
2012-2023
Information about the comparative magnitude of burden from various diseases and injuries is a critical input into building evidence base for health policies programmes.Such information should be based on evaluation all available epidemiological data using standard comparable procedures across injuries, including age at death incidence, duration severity cases who do not die prematurely disease.A summary measure, disability-adjusted life yrs (DALYs), has been developed to simultaneously...
BackgroundUnderstanding the genetic basis of airflow obstruction and smoking behaviour is key to determining pathophysiology chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We used UK Biobank data study causes lung health.MethodsWe sampled individuals European ancestry from Biobank, middle extremes forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) distribution among heavy smokers (mean 35 pack-years) never smokers. developed a custom array for provide optimum genome-wide coverage common low-frequency...
Ambient air pollution increases the risk of respiratory mortality, but evidence for impacts on lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is less well established. The aim was to evaluate whether ambient associated with COPD, explore potential vulnerability factors.We used UK Biobank data 303 887 individuals aged 40-69 years, complete covariate valid measures. Cross-sectional analyses examined associations land use regression-based estimates particulate matter (particles...
<b>Objective</b> To investigate the association of aircraft noise with risk stroke, coronary heart disease, and cardiovascular disease in general population. <b>Design</b> Small area study. <b>Setting</b> 12 London boroughs nine districts west exposed to related Heathrow airport London. <b>Population</b> About 3.6 million residents living near airport. Risks for hospital admissions were assessed 110 census output areas (average population about 300 inhabitants) risks mortality 2378 super...
AimsRoad traffic noise has been associated with hypertension but evidence for the long-term effects on hospital admissions and mortality is limited. We examined of exposure to road in general population.
The objective of this paper is to explain how apply, interpret, and present the results a new instrument assess risk bias (RoB) in non-randomized studies (NRS) dealing with effects environmental exposures on health outcomes. This modeled Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies Interventions (ROBINS-I) instrument. RoB for NRS assesses along standardized comparison randomized target experiment, instead study-design directed approach. We provide specific guidance integral steps developing...
The UK implemented a lockdown in Spring (2020) to curtail the person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Measures restricted movements one outing per day for exercise and shopping, otherwise most people were their dwelling except key workers (e.g. medical, supermarkets, transport). In this study, we quantified changes air quality across United Kingdom from 30/03/2020 03/05/2020 (weeks 14–18), period stringent travel restrictions. Daily pollutant measurements NO2, O3 PM2.5 national...
<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Little is known of the epidemiology pneumothorax. Routinely available data on pneumothorax in England are described. <h3>METHODS</h3> Patients consulting primary care with a diagnosis each year from 1991 to 1995 inclusive were identified General Practice Research Database (GPRD). Emergency hospital admissions for years 1991–4 Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) data. Mortality & Wales obtained 1950–97. Analyses rates by age and sex performed all sources. Seasonal...
Background Despite earlier doubts, a string of recent successes indicates that if sample sizes are large enough, it is possible—both in theory and practice—to identify replicate genetic associations with common complex diseases. But human genome epidemiology expensive and, from strategic perspective, still unclear what 'large enough' really means. This question has critical implications for governments, funding agencies, bioscientists the tax-paying public. Difficult decisions imposing price...
The aim of the present study was to determine risk lung cancer associated with cannabis smoking. A case-control in adults <or=55 yrs age conducted eight district health boards New Zealand. Cases were identified from Zealand Cancer Registry and hospital databases. Controls randomly selected electoral roll, frequency matching cases 5-yr groups boards. Interviewer-administered questionnaires used assess possible factors, including use. relative smoking estimated by logistic regression. In...
Information on obstructive lung disease (OLD) deaths is generally derived from the underlying cause of death certificate. This neglects information other conditions mentioned and may underestimate burden disease. Descriptive analyses all certificate for decedents where OLD (chronic pulmonary or asthma) was as a contributing were conducted England Wales 1993-1999. in 312,664 8.0% deaths. comprised 59.8% with any mention OLD. Where not death, leading causes by International Classification...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) encompasses a group of disorders characterised by the presence incompletely reversible airflow obstruction with overlapping subsets different phenotypes including chronic bronchitis, emphysema or asthma. The aim this study was to determine proportion adult subjects aged >50 years within each phenotypic subgroup COPD, defined as post-bronchodilator ratio forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (FEV(1)/FVC) <0.7, accordance current...