A5043874522- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Marine and fisheries research
- Climate variability and models
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Griffith University
2015-2024
Southern Cross University
2017
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2017
The University of Melbourne
1982
A new one‐dimensional model of DMSP/DMS dynamics (DMOS) is developed and applied to the Sargasso Sea in order explain what drives observed dimethylsulfide (DMS) summer paradox: a DMS concentration maximum concurrent with minimum biomass phytoplankton, producers precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP). Several mechanisms have been postulated this mismatch: succession phytoplankton species composition towards higher relative abundances DMSP summer; inhibition bacterial consumption by...
During late 2002 and early 2003, southern Australia was in the grip of drought experienced one its most active dust storm seasons last 40 years with large plumes frequently advected over adjacent Southern Ocean. We use meteorological records activity, satellite ocean color, aerosol optical depth data transport modeling to investigate deposition mineral from regions correlate it biological response phytoplankton standing stock as measured by chlorophyll a concentration 5 degree latitude bands...
Particulate organic carbon flux from the shelf to oceanic waters during upwelling between 19°N and 25°N off Mauritania has been analyzed using coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) imagery. Biomass in giant filament estimated surface pigment concentration registered by CZCS time series December 1983, March 1984, October 1984. Evidence for active phytoplankton growth offshore is presented. Formation of seems be favored combination a number factors perhaps unique Mauritanian shelf. The large‐scale...
We have used a marine food‐web model, an atmosphere‐ocean general circulation model (GCM), and empirical dimethylsulfide (DMS) algorithm to predict the DMS seawater concentration sea‐to‐air flux in 10° latitude bands from 70°N 70°S under contemporary enhanced greenhouse conditions. The utilizes predictions of surface chlorophyll GCM's simulation oceanic mixed layer depth. was first calibrated climate conditions using satellite‐derived data meteorological forcings. For change simulations,...
Dimethylsulfide (DMS) is an important sulfur‐containing atmospheric trace gas of marine biogenic origin. DMS emitted from the oceans may be a precursor tropospheric aerosols and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), thereby affecting Earth's radiative balance possibly constituting negative feedback to global warming, although this hypothesis still somewhat controversial. The revised conceptual model pelagic food web gives central role planktonic bacteria. Recent experiments have shown that...
Sulfate aerosols (of both biogenic and anthropogenic origin) play a key role in the Earth’s radiation balance directly through scattering absorption of solar terrestrial radiation, indirectly by modifying cloud microphysical properties. However, uncertainties associated with radiative forcing climate due to substantially exceed those greenhouse gases. The major source sulfate remote marine atmosphere is compound dimethylsulfide (DMS), which ubiquitous world’s oceans synthesized plankton....
The relationship between the production of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in upper ocean and atmospheric sulfate aerosols has been confirmed through local shipboard measurements, global modeling studies alike. In order to examine whether such a connection may be recoverable satellite record, we have analyzed correlation mean surface chlorophyll (CHL) aerosol optical depth (AOD) Southern Ocean, where marine atmosphere is relatively remote from anthropogenic continental influences. We carried out...
Abstract Accurate estimation of the climate sensitivity requires a better understanding nexus between polar marine ecosystem responses to warming, changes in sea ice extent, and emissions biogenic aerosol (MBA). Sea brine channels contain very high concentrations MBA precursors that, once ventilated, have potential alter cloud microphysical properties, such as droplet number, regional radiative energy balance. In contrast temperate latitudes, where pelagic phytoplankton are major sources...
The response of an ecological system to perturbation can be described in terms its resilience, essentially a measure the time takes return prior state. resilience ecosystem is result interactions biota and their environment will therefore change as evolve environmental conditions change. Ecological systems exist within constraints thermodynamic laws that prescribe transfer energy. Ecologically defined "thermodynamic imperatives," such entropy, exergy, ascendency, provide whole-ecosystem...
Sulfate aerosols (of both biogenic and anthropogenic origin) play a key role in the Earth's radiation balance directly through scattering absorption of solar terrestrial radiation, indirectly by modifying cloud microphysical properties. However, uncertainties associated with radiative forcing climate due to substantially exceed those greenhouse gases. The major source sulfate remote marine atmosphere is compound dimethylsulfide (DMS), which ubiquitous world's oceans synthesized plankton....
The Subantarctic Southern Ocean is a high‐nutrient low‐chlorophyll region, and it has been suggested that primary production limited by deep mixing the availability of iron. Australian dust high in iron content can be transported over Ocean, particularly during austral spring summer when storm frequency southern Australia maximal. We present evidence for coupling between satellite‐derived (SeaWiFS) aerosol optical thickness chlorophyll concentration upper ocean. evident at monthly, weekly...
We have examined the relationship between primary productivity and "relative stability" or resilience of ecosystems. Our conclusions differ from a recently proposed general stability-productivity that suggests more productive ecosystems are resilient thus recover rapidly perturbations. Analyses range standard ecological models field studies fail to confirm universality this relationship. Even extremely simple nonlinear models, such as well-known logistic map, were found surprising...
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University California, San Diego, Lajolla, CaliforniaNOAA/Climate Diagnostics Center, Boulder, ColoradoMeteorological Service Canada, Victoria, British Columbia, CanadaUniversity Maine, Orono, MaineOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TennesseeGriffith University, Nathan, AustraliaUniversity Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HawaiiDalhousie Halifax, Nova Scotia, Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WisconsinUniversity Maryland, College Park, MarylandAdvanced Earth...
Two hypotheses that postulate interactions between ocean biota and aerosols in the atmosphere have generated substantial research into marine systems. The stimulation of phytoplankton photosynthesis by provision iron, a micronutrient contained deposited aeolian dust (the Iron Hypothesis), contribution dimethylsulphide (DMS) produced ecosystems to atmospheric burden CLAW Hypothesis) been focus much research. Satellite sensors, such as Sea‐viewing Wide Field‐of‐view Sensor (SeaWiFS) now...
Aeolian dust deposition has been shown to stimulate phytoplankton growth in various oligotrophic oceanic regions of the northern hemisphere. The present study investigated relationship between change biomass Queensland coastal waters and aeolian during severe October 2002 storm, using satellite-derived chlorophyll concentrations. A response standing stock immediately following from this event was found area maximal deposition, as defined by a previous transport modelling analysis. Standing...
The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is one of the major causes many recent changes in Arctic Ocean. Generally, it related to wind speed, sea surface temperature (SST), and ice cover. In this study, we analyzed distributions correlations between SST, NAO, cover from 2003 2009 Greenland Sea at 10°W 10°E, 65°N 80°N. SST reached its peak July, while speed minimum July. Seasonal variability was different for regions. mainly had negative correlations. Detailed correlation research focused on 75°N...
Abstract. Global climate change and the impacts of ocean warming, acidification declining water quality are adversely affecting coral-reef ecosystems. This is great concern, as coral reefs provide numerous ecosystem, economic social services. Corals also recognised being amongst strongest individual sources natural atmospheric sulfur, through stress-induced emissions dimethylsulfide (DMS). In clean marine boundary layer, biogenic sulfates contribute to new aerosol formation growth existing...
Dimethylsulphide (DMS) is an important sulphur-containing trace gas produced by enzymatic cleavage of its precursor compound, dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP), which released marine phytoplankton in the upper ocean. After ventilation to atmosphere, DMS oxidised form sulphate aerosols unpolluted atmosphere are a major source cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Because micro-physical properties clouds relevant climate change sensitive CCN concentration air, it has been postulated that sulphur...
Recent field work suggests an important ro^le for the Arctic Ocean in global budget of dimethylsulphide (DMS), a climatically active volatile sulphur compound. Here, we have used existing DMS production model and local data to examine temporal dynamics cycle during spring bloom shelf Barents Sea. The timing duration phytoplankton has been shown be key determinant flux atmosphere. Particular oceanic conditions due retreating ice-edge (e.g., shallow mixed layer) can effect on thus effux this...
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a radiatively active trace gas produced by enzymatic cleavage of its precursor compound, dimethyl sulfoniopropionate (DMSP), which released marine phytoplankton in the upper ocean.Once ventilated to atmosphere, DMS oxidised form non-sea-salt sulfate and methane sulfonate (MSA) aerosols, are major source cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) remote air may thus play role climate regulation.Here we simulate change flux Eastern Antarctic ocean from 1960-2086, corresponding...