A5018111132- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Cognitive Science and Mapping
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Reading and Literacy Development
- Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- AI-based Problem Solving and Planning
- Bone and Joint Diseases
- Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques
- Augmented Reality Applications
- Experimental Learning in Engineering
- Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
University of Pittsburgh
2014-2024
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
1995-2018
Psychology Software Tools (United States)
2005-2018
UPMC Presbyterian
2015
Neurological Surgery
1995-2015
Presbyterian Hospital
2015
Paracelsus Medical University
2014
Carnegie Mellon University
1987-2013
Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition
2010-2013
Institute for Learning and Development
2010-2012
High-definition fiber tracking (HDFT) is a novel combination of processing, reconstruction, and tractography methods that can track white matter fibers from cortex, through complex crossings, to cortical subcortical targets with subvoxel resolution.To perform neuroanatomical validation HDFT investigate its neurosurgical applications.Six neurologically healthy adults 36 patients brain lesions were studied. Diffusion spectrum imaging data reconstructed Generalized Q-Ball Imaging approach....
A high-performance skill is defined as one for which (1) more than 100 hours of training are required, (2) substantial numbers individuals fail to develop proficiency, and (3) the performance expert qualitatively different from that novice. Training programs developing skills often based on assumptions may be appropriate simple skills. These can fallacious when extended high Six fallacies described. Empirical characteristics acquisition reviewed. include long periods, heterogeneity component...
Brain function can be mapped with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sensitized to regional changes in blood oxygenation due cortical activation. Several MR methods, including conventional and echo-planar imaging, have been successfully used for this purpose. The authors investigated spiral k-space implemented an unmodified 1.5-T clinical imager, of A gradient-echo, method was measure activation the primary visual cortex (number sequence task), motor (fist-clenching prefrontal (verbal fluency...
Vigilance decrements are interpreted within a two-process (automatic/control) theory of human information processing, and the theoretical components normal vigilance curve discussed in relation to type processing amount practice. Two experiments were conducted showing significant when subjects utilized effortful control processing; decrement was not observed effortless automatic possible. Maximum occur must continually redundantly allocate control-processing resources. Results disconfirm...
This research examines how the major phenomena of visual search for single characters generalize to word and word-category search. Experiment 1 examined category when target distractor sets had a varied mapping (VM) across trials. Reaction time was linear function number comparisons with positive slope 48 msec per word, 92 category. The VM reaction data indicated self-terminating comparison process, there little or no improvement practice. 2 consistent (CM) between targets distractors....
A network of multiple brain regions is recruited in face perception. Our understanding the functional properties this can be facilitated by explicating structural white matter connections that exist between its nodes. We accomplished using MRI (fMRI) combination with fiber tractography on high angular resolution diffusion weighted imaging data. identified three nodes core network: “occipital area” (OFA), “fusiform (mid-fusiform gyrus or mFus), and superior temporal sulcus (STS)....
The middle longitudinal fascicle (MdLF) was originally described in the monkey brain as a pathway that interconnects superior temporal and angular gyri. Only recently have diffusion tensor imaging studies provided some evidence of its existence humans, with connectivity pattern similar to monkeys potential role language system. In this study, we combine high-angular-resolution fiber tractography microdissection techniques determine trajectory, cortical connectivity, quantitative analysis...
Experiments examined practice and transfer effects in consistently mapped (CM) variably (VM) semantic search. Experiment 1a improvements reaction time detecting words from a category as function of the number exemplars (4-12) category. All CM conditions showed improvement, but there was no significant effect exemplars. 1b extent to which training on subset transferred untrained members Results substantial positive (60%-92%) trained The better if were more set. 2a reduced resource sensitivity...
Experiments examined practice and transfer effects in consistently mapped (CM) variably (VM) semantic search. Experiment 1a improvements reaction time detecting words from a category as function of the number exemplars (4-12) category. All CM conditions showed improvement, but there was no significant effect exemplars. 1b extent to which training on subset transferred untrained members Results substantial positive (60%-92%) trained The better if were more set. 2a reduced resource sensitivity...
The axons that project into the striatum are known to segregate according macroscopic cortical systems; however, within-region organization of these fibers has yet be described in humans. We used vivo fiber tractography, neurologically healthy adults, map white matter bundles originate different neocortical areas, navigate complex crossings, and striatum. As expected, were generally segregated origin. Within a subset pathways, patched pattern inputs was observed, consistent with previous ex...
The effects of noise autocorrelation on neural waveform recognition (detection, classification, and superposition resolution) are investigated, using microelectrode recordings from the cortex a monkey. Optimal is accomplished by passing data through whitening filter before matched filtering for detection or template matching classification resolution. Template without requires about 40% higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than with comparable difference 15%.< <ETX...
Several theories assume that practice (a) results in restructuring of component processes and (b) reduces demand on working memory. Eight subjects practiced judgments about digital logic gates for over 8,000 trials. At two levels, made while retaining short-term memory loads irrelevant to the judgments, relevant but not accessed, or accessed make judgments. Four phenomena together provide constraints theory: First, performance declined moving from blocked randomized practice. Second, gate...
The human corticospinal pathway is organized in a body-centric (i.e., somatotopic) manner that begins cortical cell bodies and maintained the axons as they project through midbrain on their way to spinal motor neurons. subcortical segment of this somatotopy has been described using histological methods non-human primates but only coarsely validated from lesion studies patient populations. Using high definition fiber tracking (HDFT) techniques, we set out provide first vivo quantitative...