Allograft bone is the primary source of graft material for structural oncological limb salvage procedures. Failure rates after massive allograft reconstructions have been reported as high 60% at 10 years, which are associated with a multitude biologic processes influencing incorporation and functional capacity. It unknown if mechanical failure gradual loss bulk properties (strength modulus), mineral density, osteoclastic resorption allograft, unrepaired microfractures or microcracks, and/or...

Five fresh-frozen transthoracic cadaver specimens (ten upper extremities) were dissected in order to measure excursion and strain of the median nerve at wrist elbow association with different positions shoulder, elbow, wrist, fingers. The relationships between motions joints as well also determined.When was moved from 60 degrees extension 65 flexion, underwent a mean total 19.6 millimeters (9.2 ± 1.38 [mean standard deviation] 10.4 1.50 flexion). change not measurable secondary...

The bioactive glass known as Bioglass® or Perioglass® (USB) (US Biomaterials, Alachua, FL) has proven to be an effective graft material owing the apatite layer which forms on surface of glass, promoting bone formation. USB particles range in size from 90 710 μm diameter, determined by optical microscopy. A similar material, BioGran (OV) (Orthovita, Malvern, PA), was developed limit particle 45S5 between 300 and 360 μm, sieving. objective this study histologically biomechanically compare...

A series of mechanical tests on anatomic specimen cancellous bone and bonelike foam were conducted to evaluate compare an Acutrak compression screw with AO 4-mm the Herbert screw. The screws produced similar fragment in bone; significantly greater than that However, was able maintain after cyclic loading better screws. pushout force bone. torque required break contact for or screws, but results this analysis show is capable producing maintaining between fracture fragments. In addition, shown...

Abstract Bioactive glasses form a surface apatite layer in vivo that enhances the formation and attachment of bone. Sol‐gel Bioglass graft material provides greater nanoscale porosity than bioactive glass (on order 50–200 Å), particle area, improved resorbability, while maintaining bioactivity. This study histologically biomechanically evaluated, rabbit model, bone formed within critical‐sized distal femoral cancellous defects filled with 45S5 particulates, 77S sol‐gel Bioglass, or 58S...

The effects of weighted vest walking and strength-training exercises on bone mineral density (BMD), balance, strength, self-efficacy were tested in older women. Eighteen women, age 69.2 ± 3.5 years, randomly assigned to an exercise group (EG) ( n = 9), or a sedentary control (CG) 9). EG participated 32 weeks (three 1-h sessions/week) supervised strength training walking, stair climbing, balance while wearing vests. CG did not exercise. All women took Ca² + vitamin D during the study period....

Two methods of intramedullary fixation fractures the middle femoral shaft were evaluated in a sheep model to determine effect reaming on pulmonary function. The modified reamer was also studied. A second experiment with same performed evaluate relationship between embolization and dysfunction. This involved two groups sheep—those normal lungs those contused lungs—divided into subgroups—those that had nailing without reaming. Intracardiac ultrasound used measure magnitude duration transvenous...

Background and Purpose. The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to determine whether passive wrist flexion extension goniometric measurements using ulnar alignment, radial volar/dorsal alignment were similar or dissimilar (2) examine which these three techniques had the greatest intratester intertester reliability. Subjects. One hundred forty patients (141 wrists) measured. testers 32 therapists from eight different hand/upper-extremity clinical sites around United States. Methods....

To investigate the capacity of allogeneic periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) to regenerate tissues using an ovine defect model.Surgically created zero-wall dehiscence defects in Merino sheep were filled with 1 × 10(7) PDLSCs attached Gelfoam(®), Gelfoam alone or left untreated. After 4 weeks, histological analysis was performed assess regeneration.Allogeneic well tolerated by recipient animals. The mean area new alveolar bone significantly greater PDLSC + treatment group compared...

Objectives: To determine the biomechanical strength and stiffness of a dynamic hip screw (DHS; Synthes USA, Paoli, PA, U.S.A.) with two-hole side-plate as compared four-hole design for reconstruction unstable three-part intertrochanteric fractures. Design: Eight matched pairs embalmed human femurs were tested in two modes: (a) 2,000 cycles simulated physiologic loading; (b) test to failure. Setting: Laboratory. Simulated single leg stance using pelvic loading mechanism abductor loading....

This study tested the hypothesis that rate and extent of bone formation adjacent to porous, coated Ti-6Al-4V implants are differentially affected by type bioactive ceramic coating. Forty-eight rabbits received cylindrical intramedullary distal femoral bilaterally. Implants for right limbs were with 45S5 Bioglass® (45S5). used left either tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (HA) or uncoated as controls (CTL). The 45S5-coated histologically biomechanically compared HA-coated CTL at 4, 8, 12,...

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanical strength and durability intramedullary nailing (IM) percutaneous pinning (PP) for fixation three-part proximal humeral fractures using a cadaveric model. Design: Three-part surgical neck were created in paired embalmed humeri. Fractures fixed with IM PP fixation. stiffness assessed under cyclic rotational loading (infraspinatus) ramping from 0.1 1.25 Newton-meters 10,000 cycles. specimen then torsionally loaded failure....

Osseous defects and fractures may require supplimentation to support promote healing. Bioglass (BG) be a useful therapeutic for these conditions. Therefore, we executed study determine whether particulate BG could healing of 20-mm unilateral ostectomies in the radius rabbits. Ostectomies were either treated with or remained untreated control (CTL) group. At 4 8 weeks post-treatment, assessed histomorphometrically biomechanically. New bone formation was more intense contiguous host both CTL...

Nine patients with nonunited humeral shaft fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation an intramedullary fibular bone graft a compression plate. Fixation of the screws was enhanced passing them through fibula as well two cortices (quadricortical fixation). Eight nine united at average 3.5 months. Tests on cadaver bones showed that quadricortical strong methylmethacrylate augmentation significantly better than bicortical fixation.

Critical size defects in ovine tibiae, stabilised with intramedullary interlocking nails, were used to assess whether the addition of carboxymethylcellulose standard osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1/BMP-7) implant would affect implant's efficacy for bone regeneration. The biomaterial carriers a 'putty' carrier and bovine-derived type-I collagen (OPP) or alone (OPC). These two treatments also compared "ungrafted" negative controls. Efficacy regeneration was determined using radiological,...

The study objective was to determine the mechanical integrity and radiopacity of regenerated bone within critical-sized defects (CSDs) in radii rabbits using recombinant human morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) with a porous, biodegradable poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) carrier (designated PLA). Twenty millimeter, unilateral radial ostectomies were created 96 skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits. randomly assigned six treatment groups two euthanasia periods. Treatment included unfilled...