Somewhat similar to wind farms, commercial wave energy will be realized using farms of devices. However, for both constructive and destructive interference may occur between individual devices; whereas, only occurs. In order maximize interference, the layout farm must optimized. addition, power absorption improved by applying a control system technology As with many applications, there is tendency in separate design array from an maximizing system. this paper, we show that integrating...

This paper addresses the dynamic modeling and energy storage analysis of a wave hyperbaric converter, which consists set oscillating bodies (named as pumping modules) linked to hydropneumatic accumulators an electric generating unit. A mathematical model accumulator is presented for unit proposed, including nonlinear Pelton turbine. Then, hydrodynamic, mechanical, electrical characteristics subsystems that compose converter are discussed. With proposed model, it possible evaluate behavior...

Wave energy converters (WECs) are traditionally designed independently of control systems. This usually involves matching the device frequency response to predominant sea spectrum a specific site. Energy maximizing systems subsequently employed improve conversion for states other than design state. It is well known that some techniques have ability change characteristics wave device, allowing it power absorption frequencies natural frequency. However, while controllers do their best broaden...

Abstract Wind farm control (WFC) allows coordinated operation of the wind turbines within a power plant (WPP). However, its development has traditionally been split into distinct disciplines and flow control. As variable renewable energies, in particular energy, increase their penetration system, grid code requirements become stricter for WPPs electricity markets necessarily evolve. In such context, crossfertilization between two categories WFC, targeting an integrated approach where...

The energy cost for producing electricity via wave converters (WECs) is still not competitive with other renewable sources, especially wind energy. It well known that maximising control plays an important role to improve the performance of WECs, allowing conversion be performed as economically possible. strategies are usually subsequently employed on a device was designed and optimized in absence prevailing sea conditions particular location. If optimal unconstrained strategy, such...

Abstract Concepts for control of wind farms (WFs) can be clustered into two distinct concepts, namely, power plant (WPPC) and farm flow (WFFC). WPPC is concerned with the connection to system, compliance grid codes, provision system services. This comprises traditional way operating a WF without consideration aerodynamic turbine interaction. However, phenomena like wake effects have large impact on overall performance WF. WFFC considers such in operation. It viewed as new feature that shall...

Passive loading is a suboptimal method of control for wave energy converters (WECs) that usually consists tuning the power take-off (PTO) damping WEC to either or peak frequency local spectrum. Such approach results in good solution waves characterized by one-peak narrowband spectra. Nonetheless, real ocean are non-stationary nature, and sea profiles with different spectral distribution occur specific location over time. Thus, average absorption passively controlled WECs tends be low. In...

A number of wave energy controllers tune the power take-off (PTO) system to frequency incident waves. Since real ocean waves are non-stationary by nature and not defined a single component, PTO can be either tuned at constant characterized local spectrum or continuously representative frequency. In case, time-frequency representation is expected since profile changes over time. This paper discusses about tuning problem for passive reactive controllers, in waves, comparing different methods...

This paper considers the problem of optimizing efficiency primary conversion on an ocean wave energy hyperbaric converter. converter (WEC) is oscillating-body linked to a chamber. By solving equation motion power take-off mechanism, it shown that optimal conditions for improving absorbed relate buoy parameters and chamber pressure with incident waves. work also proposes algorithm finding best time interval body remains locked when latching control strategy used enhance WEC. Numerical...

This work describes the overall aspects of Competition on Hydrodynamic Modelling a Rigid Body, competition outlined to evaluate different ways model and simulate motions rigid body in waves. The main objective is determine hydrodynamic for submerged horizontal cylinder which best predicts recorded motion specific excitation panchromatic A blind study was performed by participants, i.e., simulation results were obtained without knowledge actual cylinder. Only geometry solid time series...

In this work, we consider the optimization problem of ocean wave energy absorption in oscillating-body systems. A solution based on discrete-time extremum seeking control is proposed to improve mean extracted power by a take-off (PTO) mechanism under different climates. Two PTO mechanisms are considered: linear and non-linear one. Simulation results, obtained from an system subject incident regular irregular waves, presented show feasibility scheme.

Abstract The operation of future wind power plants (WPPs) will rely on maximizing overall profit rather than production. Factors like current electricity price, grid code compliance, and maintenance costs affect operational decision. Therefore, it is expected that plant control strategies trade different objectives while respecting the industrial practice, where levels in hierarchy may be provided by equipment vendors. This work proposes a controller aims to track an operator command at WPP...

This paper presents the analysis and optimization of a wave-to-wire energy converter developed by COPPE / UFRJ researchers. The main features this technology are: use Hydropneumatic Storage System (HSS) to filter wave power oscillations absorbed Double Feed Induction Generator (DFIG) perform electromechanical conversion. Mathematical models for all conversion stages (from waves electrical grid) are shown integrated control strategy hydropneumatic systems is proposed maximize utilization Wave...

Abstract Bird collisions with wind turbines is one of the major environmental impacts energy. To decrease number avian fatalities in farms, several studies have been done to understand, evaluate and apply measures that reduce risks collisions. Overall, mitigation during operational phase farms are based on either active or passive procedures, depending need (or not) for an external source trigger action preventing a possible collision. The aim this work firstly provide overview demonstrated...

A device for electricity generation from ocean waves has been developed installation on the Brazilian northeast coast. It is based pumping modules and a two-stage accumulator linked to hyperbaric chamber in order provide prescribed high pressure water flow, which operates turbine coupled with an electrical generator. In period between 2001 2007, wave tank testing of small-scale models have carried out. prototype two presently installed Port Pecém. This paper describes overview development...

In this work, a hydraulic turbine speed governor is proposed in view of its application an isolated electric generation system based on ocean wave energy converter (WEC). The strategy cascade closed-loop control combined with feedforward load disturbances. main characteristics WEC are presented and dynamic model the generating unit developed. Experimental results illustrate performance scheme.

This paper presents an approach for assessing the most suitable locations to provide virtual inertia by HVDC converters. A frequency deviation index quantifying maximum distance in Hz from each bus power system Center of Inertia (COI) is utilized as starting point assessment. From this index, buses that are exhibiting largest relative transients response disturbances identified candidates introducing inertia. Then, placement contributions existing terminals or alternative connection points...

In the early stages of developing wave energy converter (WEC) projects, a quantitative assessment component failure consequence costs is essential. The WEC types, deployment site features, and accessibility should all be carefully considered. This study introduces an operation maintenance cost (O&M-FC) model, distinct from conventional O&M models. model illustrated with case studies at three energetic Atlantic sites, each which considers two types generic floating WECs: 300 kW point...

Aiming at improving the energy absorption from waves, a number of studies have considered declutching control – phase-control method that consists disengaging power take-off (PTO) system oscillating body specific intervals time. The on/off sequences with instants to engage/disengage PTO are usually determined by optimization procedures require knowledge future excitation force, which remains an open challenge for practical implementation. This paper presents comprehensive numerical study...

This paper presents a comparative analysis between the double-feed induction generator (DFIG) and directly connected squirrel cage (SCIG) when they are used in wave energy conversion system. Simulation results presented to illustrate operating ranges of asynchronous generators generated power by The simulations developed implemented PSCAD/EMTDC.

New ancillary services and additional requirements for the grid integration of variable renewable energy (VRE) are being defined worldwide, in response to technical challenges caused by increasing levels VRE utilization electric power grids. Currently, use wave is still limited a few applications or demonstrations, where level penetration into not significant. To anticipate future integration, possibilities provision services, this paper considers lessons learned through high other sources...