This paper considers the importance of particle motion to fishes and invertebrates steps that need be taken improve knowledge its effects. It is aimed at scientists investigating impacts sounds on but it also relevant regulators, those preparing environmental impact assessments, industries creating underwater sounds. The overall aim this ensure proper attention paid as a stimulus when evaluating effects sound upon aquatic life. Directions are suggested for future research planning that, if...

Increasing attention is being paid to the ecological consequences of underwater noise generated by human activities such as shipping and maritime industries including, but not limited to, oil gas exploration extraction, sonar systems, dredging construction offshore renewable energy devices. There particular concern over extension these into previously undeveloped areas oceans, including Polar Regions coral reef habitat. Most regulators others has focussed upon effects marine mammals other...

Marine petroleum exploration involves the repetitive use of high-energy noise sources, air-guns, that produce a short, sharp, low-frequency sound. Despite reports behavioral responses fishes and marine mammals to such noise, it is not known whether exposure air-guns has potential damage ears aquatic vertebrates. It shown here fish exposed an operating air-gun sustained extensive their sensory epithelia was apparent as ablated hair cells. The regionally severe, with no evidence repair or...

Otoliths are of interest to investigators from several disciplines including systematics, auditory neuroscience, and fisheries. However, there is often very little sharing information or ideas about otoliths across despite similarities in the questions raised by different groups investigators. A major purpose this paper present otolith-related common all then demonstrate that issues not only similar but also more frequent interactions would be mutually beneficial. Because evolved as part...

SUMMARY Fishes are often exposed to environmental sounds such as those associated with shipping, seismic experiments, sonar and/or aquaculture pump systems. While efforts have been made document the effects of anthropogenic(human-generated) on marine mammals, excess noise fishes poorly understood. We examined short- and long-term increased ambient sound stress hearing goldfish (Carassius auratus; a specialist). reared fish under either quiet(110-125 dB re 1 μPa) or noisy (white noise,...