Background and AimsSeed germination is negatively affected by salinity, which thought to be due both osmotic ion-toxicity effects. We hypothesize that salt absorbed seeds, allowing them generate additional potential, germinate in conditions under they would otherwise not able germinate.

Moisture content determination is one of the most important and common assessments made on seeds. It contributes to estimation value a seed lot in commercial settings physiological status seeds research conservation. The method for determining moisture by measuring change weight sample after drying at constant temperature set period time. This, however, renders unusable other purposes, such as viability testing. Here, we review various methods assessing seeds, including non-destructive...

Asexual cool-season grass endophytes of the genus Epichloë (Ascomycota: Clavicipitaceae) are strictly vertically disseminated. The hosts these mutualistic fungi express no symptoms during fungal lifecycle that takes place entirely within plant, while their receive beneficial outcomes. These distributed in two major locations mature seeds hosts; namely, embryo (including scutellum, coleoptile, plumule, radicle, and coleorhiza tissues) between aleurone pericarp layers, with latter hyphae...

Context Comparing the life cycles of wild and cultivated carrots is vital for identifying any overlapping flowering periods, as have potential to compromise genetic purity commercial carrot seeds via pollen flow. However, little information known about how juvenility, vernalization, their interactions impact pattern in New Zealand. Aims We evaluated influence different juvenile phases, vernalization phases on floral characteristics behaviour carrots. Methods The study was a factorial...

Rainforests in the South Pacific hold a considerable amount of plant diversity, with rates species endemism >80% some countries. This diversity is rapidly disappearing under pressure from logging, clearing for agriculture or mining, introduced pests and diseases other anthropogenic sources. Ex situ conservation techniques offer means to limit loss diversity. Seed banking considered most efficient cost effective these but applicable only seed capable tolerating desiccation cold storage....

Seed morphology underpins many critical biological and ecological processes, such as seed dormancy germination, dispersal, persistence. It is also a valuable taxonomic trait that can provide information about plant evolution adaptations to different niches. This study characterised compared various morphological traits, i.e., pod shape, colour size, embryo air volume for six orchid species; explored whether taxonomy, biogeographical origin, or growth habit are important determinants of...

Background Plants are commonly colonized by a wide diversity of microbial species and the relationships created can range from mutualistic through to parasitic. Microorganisms that typically form symptomless associations with internal plant tissues termed endophytes. Endophytes associate most found in natural managed ecosystems. They extremely important partners provide improved stress tolerance host compared plants lack this symbiosis. Plant domestication has reduced endophyte therefore...

Changes in seed lipid composition during ageing are associated with viability loss many plant species. However, due to their small size, this has not been previously explored orchids. We characterized and compared the fatty acid profiles of five orchid species before after ageing: one tropical epiphytic from Indonesia (Dendrobium strebloceras), four temperate New Zealand, D. cunninghamii (epiphytic), Gastrodia cunninghamii, Pterostylis banksii Thelymitra nervosa (terrestrial). Seeds were...

The thermal time model is widely used to describe the relationship between germination and temperature. However, breaks curve into two parts ignores possibility that rate constant at optimal temperatures. purposes of this study were investigate temperature within context optimum (T o ) may be better defined as a range rather than single point test for variation in minimum b given subpopulation g suboptimal temperatures [θ 1 ( )] among subpopulations. Seeds ryegrass cultivars, perennial...

New Zealand is a major producer of carrot seeds globally. Carrots are an important nutritional crop for human consumption. Since the growth and development seed crops mainly depend on climatic factors, yield extremely susceptible to climate change. This modeling study was undertaken using panel data approach determine impact atmospheric conditions (proxied by maximum minimum temperature) precipitation during critical stages production in carrot, viz., juvenile phase, vernalization floral...

Wild carrot is a problematic weed that can threaten the genetic purity of cultivated carrots by hybridization. must be controlled before flowering to avoid undesirable crossing with carrots. Understanding wild carrot's vegetative growth pattern helps formulate sustainable management practices. However, little known about patterns and A pot experiment was carried out compare model different morphological traits in both This study executed glasshouse located Palmerston North, New Zealand....

Abstract Seeds of Carex trifida, Coprosma robusta, Cyperus ustulatus, Hebe stricta, Lepto‐spermum scoparium, Muehlenbeckia australis, Myrsine Phormium tenax, P. tenax 'Yellow Wave', and Sophora prostrata were assessed for germination dormancy. australis showed no in light or dark at 20°C, but a high percentage seed germinated after 12 weeks low stratification. Despite viability, seeds was occurred only temperature Germination the light, increased 4 After months, 50% robusta greater more No...

The wild type of broom corn millet (Panicum miliaceum) is a serious emerging weed currently prevalent in New Zealand sweet (Zea mays) crops This study shows its seed nearly twice the weight other common grass weeds and can germinate temperature range 1634C with 50 germination at 26C greatest occurring 31C At 15C it took 8 days for seedlings to emerge but required only 4 25C Seed was able from depths up 170 mm soils Experiments showed that persist soil longer than 2 years field killed silage...

Abstract This is the first report of chemical composition Alphitonia neocaledonica (AN) and Grevillea exul var. rubiginosa (GER) seed oils. Using retention indices gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, an unusual family unsaturated ω5‐fatty acids has been identified. These include 14:1, 16:1, 18:1 20:1. Identification fatty was confirmed by formation DMOX derivatives which gave characteristic easily interpreted mass spectra. DMDS adducts were used to identify positions double bonds in...

The earth’s climate is changing because of the increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) concentration, to which livestock a major contributor. Methane produced from cattle can be reduced by using high quality forages. This study compared GHG M. oleifera an artificial ruminant system with two pasture species, ryegrass and white clover. total production were measured vitro batch culture system. A preliminary screening oven dried planted field greenhouse, main experiment six provenances oleifera,...

Endophytic microorganisms are found within the tissues of many plants species, with some conferring several benefits to host plant including resistance diseases. In this study, two putative endophytic fungi that were previously isolated from wild seeds Brassica, identified as Beauveria bassiana and Pseudogymnoascus pannorum, inoculated into cultivars three Brassica species-Brassica napus, Br. rapa oleracea. Both fungal endophytes reisolated above- below-ground at four different plant-growth...

Neotropical orchids are vulnerable to extinction due overharvesting, habitat destruction and climate change. However, a basic understanding of orchid seed biology support conservation efforts is still lacking for most species. Seed morphology linked plant adaptation evolution, influencing dispersal, dormancy, longevity, germination, which valuable traits conservation. In this study, we characterized compared the morphological capsules (size, shape, colour) seeds (seed embryo shape size...

Moringa oleifera is a rich source of polyphenols whose contents and profile may vary according to environmental conditions, harvest season, plant tissue. The present study aimed characterize the phenolic compounds in different tissues M. grown under temperatures (25, 30, 35 °C), using HPLC/MS, as well their constituent phytochemicals vitro antioxidant activities. activity extracts was evaluated 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylenebenzothiozoline-6-sulfonicacid...

Background: The atypical seed storage behaviour reported in several orchid species justifies cryopreservation as a complementary conservation strategy to conventional banking. Objective This study aimed assess the potential of five species; tropical epiphytic, Indonesian (Dendrobium strebloceras, D. lineale), one temperate New Zealand (D. cunninghamii) and two terrestrial, banksii, Thelymitra nervosa). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seeds were cryopreserved direct immersion liquid nitrogen (LN)...

Chatham Island forget-me-not Myosotidium hortensia (Boraginaceae) is a monotypic genus endemic to the Islands of New Zealand. threatened in its natural environment by introduced grazing animals and weeds. Further this, conservation reintroduction efforts M. are hindered their dormant seeds. The dormancy imposed seed coat but underlying mechanisms not well understood. Understanding this species will help revegetation efforts. This work aims elucidate which imposes determining germination...