Abstract Background Conclusive evidence supports the importance of fundamental movement skills (FMS) proficiency in promoting physical activity and countering obesity. In children with Down Syndrome (DS), FMS development is delayed, which has been suggested to be associated balance deficits. This study therefore examined relationship between ability DS, aim contributing programmes that address delay. Methods Participants consisted 20 DS (7.1 ± 2.9 years old) an age‐matched control group...

Recent evidence has emphasized the importance of early childhood years for developing lifelong physical activity patterns. As such, evidence-informed programs that create opportunities young children to engage in are needed and education settings present an important context. This review aimed identify strategies implemented by teachers promote care settings. is a scoping followed framework proposed Joanna Briggs Institute. Searches were conducted using databases PubMed, SCOPUS, PsycINFO,...

It has been proposed that the effect of an external focus in gait might be more beneficial challenging tasks compared to a natural walking condition. This study sought a) address any causal link between and improved stability during on unstable surface b) explore possible psycho-cognitive mechanism underpinning these changes older adults. Ninety-eight adults (mean age: 70.6±4.6) were invited walk along 8-meter elevated, foam walkway at self-selected pace under three blocks attentional...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect attentional focus instructions on gait stability during level-ground walking among older adults. We recruited 140 community-dwelling adults (mean age = 70.3 years, SD 4.7 years) from elderly community centers in Hong Kong. experiment included assessments participant’s characteristics and trials. During trials, each participant invited walk at a self-selected pace along 6-m walkway. Internal (Internal condition), external (External or...

There is emerging evidence for the use of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) to improve health outcomes in context stroke rehabilitation. This scoping review identified recently available and possible research gaps regarding how MBIs affect psychological physical rehabilitation individuals poststroke.Electronic searches were performed using four major databases, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web Science. Sixteen studies out a total 404 relevant met selection criteria inclusion this...

Research highlights the detrimental effect that directing too much conscious attention toward movement can have on postural control. While this concept has received support from many studies, recent evidence demonstrates principle does not always translate to aging clinical populations. Given increasing interest in topic, current study evaluated if original notion (that an internal focus results compromised balance performance) is upheld young and older adults during a challenging task where...

It has been suggested that implicit motor learning via dual-task or analogy training during gait rehabilitation may yield better outcomes in older adults by reducing the propensity for conscious processing of movements (movement-specific reinvestment). The current study investigated immediate effects single-task, dual-task, and on reinvestment fall-related among at risk falling. Seventy-one were randomly allocated to single-task (ST), (DT), (AG) conditions received 12 sessions. We assessed...

The Movement Specific Reinvestment Scale (MSRS) is used to quantify differences in the propensity that individuals have consciously engage movement. Although MSRS widely movement science, evidence for its theoretically negative association with motor performance remains inconsistent. aim of this meta-analysis was summarize research findings between scores on and performance, disentangle theoretical sampling factors may moderate relationship. Following PRISMA guidelines, Web Science,...

This study evaluated the effect of attentional focus instructions on movement efficiency during a level-ground walking task in older adults with and without history falls.One hundred thirty-four community-dwelling were categorised into fallers (OF) (n = 37) non-fallers (ONF) 97). Each participant was instructed to walk at self-selected pace along 6 m walkway under three conditions (i.e. internal, goal-directed control) for total nine trials. Average muscle activity indices lower limb...

ABSTRACTResearch Findings: Early childhood educators' own disposition has been suggested to contribute their ability promote physical literacy (PL) in young children. There is currently limited evidence of PL, and studies have not explored how PL relates teaching knowledge behaviors the early education (ECE) context. This current study examined relationships teachers' perceived with self-efficacy professional competence relation promoting activities ECE settings. A total 338 educators from...

Objectives: We aimed to address whether increased task difficulty is sufficient induce heightened conscious control and influence gait performance in older adults through the manipulations of either or attentional focus. Method: Fifty adults, split into high- (HR) low-reinvestor (LR) groups, performed a walking on 7.4 m straight walkway two conditions: firm level-ground surface (GW) foam (FW). They subsequently same under focus Internal (IF) External (EF). Electroencephalography (EEG) T3-Fz...

Previous research has illustrated that real-time conscious postural control (i.e., reinvestment - shifting from movement automaticity to a more consciously controlled and monitoring of movement) increased with standing task difficulties among healthy older adults. However, such association not been investigated in the younger population. This study attempted examine young adults when performing different tasks on compliant (foam) surface. T3-Fz EEG (electroencephalography) coherence,...

The theory of reinvestment in experimental psychology suggested that automated performance could be degraded if attention was internally diverted to the process skill execution. This study examined role attentional focus instructions on real-time conscious motor processing (i.e., reinvestment) during tandem walking. Thirty-six young adults (mean age = 20.94, SD 1.43 years) participated; their electroencephalography T3–Fz coherence measured three walking conditions with different...

This study first examined whether real-time conscious postural control (reinvestment) and sway increase with different difficulties on a compliant surface among older adults. The second objective was to investigate the effect of an externally focused dual-task reinvestment under relatively challenging standing position.Thirty-two community-dwelling adults (mean age = 72.09, SD 4.18 years) were recruited. Participants performed balance tasks in four positions randomized order foam pad....