Individual colloidal particles have been studied experimentally in a one dimensional random potential with energies that follow Gaussian distribution. This rough, noise-like has realised using holographic optical set-up, which allows the width of distribution to be varied. For different widths, particle trajectories were followed and dynamics characterised by, for example, mean square displacement, non-Gaussian parameter, van Hove function, time-dependent diffusion coefficient residence time...

The construction of non-native biosynthetic pathways represents a powerful, modular strategy for the production valuable synthons and fine chemicals. Accordingly, artificially affixing enzymes that catalyze sequential reactions onto DNAs, proteins, or synthetic scaffolds has proven to be an effective route generating de novo metabolons with novel functionalities superior efficiency. In recent years, nanoscale microbial compartments known as encapsulins have emerged class robust highly...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the leading cause of chronic liver pathologies worldwide. HBV nucleocapsid, a key structural component, formed through self-assembly capsid protein units. Therefore, interfering with process promising approach for development novel antiviral agents. Applied to HBV, this has led several classes assembly modulators (CAMs). Here, we report structurally CAMs moderate activity and low toxicity, discovered biophysics-guided combining docking, molecular dynamics...

Protein nanoparticles are effective platforms for antigen presentation and targeting effector immune cells in vaccine development. Encapsulins a class of protein-based microbial nanocompartments that self-assemble into icosahedral structures with external diameters ranging from 24 to 42 nm. Myxococcus xanthus were designed package bacterial RNA when produced E. coli shown have immunogenic self-adjuvanting properties enhanced by this RNA. We genetically incorporated 20-mer peptide derived...

The dynamics of dilute suspensions charged polystyrene spheres have been studied in a sinusoidal potential. We investigated experimentally and theoretically the effect wavelength amplitude this potential as well particle size on mean square displacement, distribution displacements non-Gaussian parameter. These properties scale with radius particles magnitude wavevector expected from dimensional analysis. In contrast, they show non-trivial dependence potential, which determines barrier height...

Abstract The Dillon, Matheson, and Bradford the Brown hypotheses for mechanism of film formation latexes are extended, two latex particles in a drop water being given as model. As evaporates, brought together, so that their stabilizing layers contact further approach is hindered. pressure forcing together increased by evaporation (that is, forces arising from air interfacial tension), until ruptured polymer formed. Once this occurs, exerted upon tension. Numerical values calculated function...

A spatial light modulator (SLM) and a pair of galvanometer-mounted mirrors (GMM) were combined into an optical tweezers setup. This provides great flexibility as the SLM creates array traps, which can be moved smoothly quickly with GMM. To optimize performance, effect incidence angle on respect to phase intensity response was investigated. Although it is common use at 45°, smaller angles give full 2π shift output less dependent magnitude shift. The traps calibrated using active oscillatory...

We study structures which can bear loads, "bridges", in particulate packings. To investigate the relationship between bridges and gravity, we experimentally determine bridge statistics colloidal vary effective magnitude direction of volume fraction, interactions, find that size distributions depend only on mean number neighbors. identify a universal distribution, agreement with simulation results for granulars, suggesting applied loads merely exploit preexisting bridges, are inherent dense

We identify putative load-bearing structures (bridges) in experimental colloidal systems studied by confocal microscopy. Bridges are co-operative that have been used to explain stability and inhomogeneous force transmission simulated granular packings with a range of densities. show bridges similar those found simulations present real packings. describe critically the bridge-finding procedure for data propose new criterion—lowest mean squared separation (LSQS)—for selecting optimum stabilisations.

PROTEST is the name of a new UK based aerospace lightning direct effects research program with principal purpose researching structural aircraft fuel tank joints. It particularly focused on understanding out-gassing phenomena and its relationship various design parameters composite structures. Early activity within project investigated waveform components that are most relevance to future studies. The paper documents findings this early activity. was found D-component only standard current...

The outgassing of composite aircraft joints are being investigated in the PROTEST project, and part project includes development diagnostics for characterization analysis events under lightning strike conditions. Real time light emission have been developed at Morgan-Botti Lightning Laboratory using low cost photodiodes to provide in-depth information on within a nutcap. data obtained from testing provides additional metrics classification by providing timing first detection, peak light....

Abstract Protein nanoparticles are effective platforms for antigen presentation and targeting effector immune cells in vaccine development. Encapsulins a class of protein-based microbial nanocompartments that self-assemble into icosahedral structures with external diameters ranging from 24 to 42 nm. Mxyococcus xanthus were designed package bacterial RNA when produced E. coli shown have immunogenic self-adjuvanting properties enhanced by this RNA. We genetically incorporated 20-mer peptide...

Abstract Cryo-electron microscopy data analysis can yield multiple structures from a single heterogeneous dataset. Here, we show workflow used for the identification of contaminant cryoEM grid without prior knowledge protein sequence. We determined tail structure Escherichia phage YDC107 only several thousand particles. The combines high-resolution single-particle processing with de novo model determination using ML-based methods. Structural revealed that central part has C6 symmetry,...

Enzyme activity requires sequential binding and chemical transformation of substrates. While directed evolution random mutagenesis are common methods for improving catalytic activity, these do not allow independent control KM kcat. To achieve such control, we envisioned that the colocalization aptamers enzymes act on same molecule could increase efficiency through preconcentration substrate. We explored this concept with cocaine esterase anticocaine having varying KD values, both...

Time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy (FA) uses the fluorophore depolarization rate to report on rotational diffusion, conformation changes, and intermolecular interactions in solution. Although FA is a rapid, sensitive, nondestructive tool for biomolecular interaction studies, short (∼ns) lifetime of typical dyes largely prevents application larger macromolecular species complexes. By using triplet shelving recovery optical excitation, we introduce optically activated delayed (OADFA)...

A spatial light modulator (SLM) and a pair of galvanometer-mounted mirrors (GMM) were combined into an optical tweezers set-up. This provides great flexibility as the SLM creates array traps which can be moved smoothly quickly with GMM. To optimise performance, effect incidence angle on respect to phase intensity response was investigated. Although it is common use at 45 degrees, smaller angles give full 2pi shift output less dependent magnitude shift. The calibrated using active oscillatory...

We identify putative load-bearing structures (bridges) in experimental colloidal systems studied by confocal microscopy. Bridges are co-operative that have been used to explain stability and inhomogeneous force transmission simulated granular packings with a range of densities. show bridges similar those found simulations present real packings. describe critically the bridge-finding procedure for data propose new criterion-Lowest Mean Squared Separation (LSQS)-for selecting optimum stabilisations.