Symmetry-breaking synthetic controls allow for nanostructure geometries that are counter to the underlying crystal symmetry of a material. If suitably applied, such provide means drive an isotropic metal along growth pathway yielding three-dimensional chiral geometry. Herein, we present light-driven solution-based synthesis helical gold spirals from substrate-bound seeds. The devised mode relies on three separate symmetry-breaking events ushered in by seeds lined with planar defects, capping...

Femoral neck fractures (FNFs) are a significant recognized public health problem with high incidence of death and disability. Osteonecrosis femoral head (ONFH) after internal fixation FNF is major cause disability reoperation. Early intervention able to prevent ONFH in preliminary stage. However, unavoidable missed diagnosis limits the early detection. The primary objective this study was develop predictive model for postoperative using hybrid patient radiograph variables based on deep...

Controversy exists regarding the clinical and radiological differences in outcomes between fixed‑bearing (FB) mobile‑bearing (MB) total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) at mid‑ or long‑term follow‑up. We therefore conducted a meta‑analysis systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have evaluated FB MB TKAs. searched Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) Library, Medline Embase. The data, including demographic information, methodological quality, duration...

In this work, we study the issue of reward hacking on response length, a challenge emerging in Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) LLMs. A well-formatted, verbose but less helpful LLMs can often deceive or even human evaluators to achieve high scores. The same also holds for some models RL. To address challenges both training and evaluation, establish more reliable evaluation protocol comparing different configurations, which inspects trade-off between LLM score length obtained...

Microsphere Photolithography (MPL) is a nanopatterning technique that utilizes self-assembled monolayer of microspheres as an optical element to focus incident radiation inside layer photoresist. The produces sub-diffraction limited photonic-jet on the opposite side each microsphere from illumination. When combined with pattern transfer techniques such etching/lift-off, MPL provides versatile, low-cost fabrication method for producing hexagonal close-packed metasurfaces. This article...

Microsphere photolithography (MPL) is an alternative low-cost technique for the large-scale fabrication of periodic structures, such as metasurfaces. This utilizes photonic nanojet generated in photoresist (PR), by microspheres near proximity, which are exposed to collimated ultraviolet (UV) flood illumination. In basic approach, a microsphere array self-assembled on, or transferred to, substrate prior exposure. After exposure, washed away development step. The process recover and clean...

An integration design platform is under development for the of China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR). It mainly includes physical and engineering platform. The aims at performing detailed each tokamak component (e.g., breeding blanket, divertor, vacuum vessel). vessel analysis module a part main idea this to integrate popular CAD/CAE software form consistent environment. Specifically, OPTIMUS provides approach such as CATIA ANSYS design/analysis workflow module. This could automate...

Microsphere photolithography (MPL) is a promising technique for cost-effective fabrication of large-scale metasurfaces. This approach generates an array photonic jets by the collimated illumination self-assembled microspheres. The can be precisely steered within unit cell defined each microsphere changing angle incidence. allows creation complex metasurface element geometries. Computer controlled articulation substrate relative to static UV source direct-write different elements. However,...

The system code is under developing aiming to integrate the design of engineering and physics for China fusion testing reactor. comprises platform platform. integration developed handle data exchange workflow interaction submodules together. In this paper, a methodology with Java, OPTIMUS, MySQL presented. We develop GUI help Java JRE System library, such as AWT Swing. Second, we choose EXCEL TXT documents carrier data. Then, OPTIMUS employed establish core code. Finally, relational database...

Microsphere photolithography (MPL) uses self-assembled hexagonal close-packed microspheres as optical elements to produce photonic nanojets (PNJ) in a layer of photoresist. The information required for hierarchical patterning is embedded the illumination light field. In this work, dual spatial modulator (SLM) system employed attain precise control over field MPL, which can significantly enhance flexibility and efficiency fabrication process. A digital micro device (DMD) located at front...

We investigate the digital glass forming process for depositing commercial SMF-28 single-mode optical fiber photonic purposes. The utilizes a CO2 laser to locally heat feedstock fuse it onto fused quartz substrate. focus on how altering deposition parameters, including power, feed rate, and path plan, affects deposited morphology this transmission. At high powers, bonds strongly substrate, resulting in significant changes core shape. With gradient transition between geometry geometry,...

A direct-write configuration of microsphere photolithography (MPL) is investigated for the patterning IR metasurfaces at large scales. MPL uses a self-assembled hexagonal close-packed array microspheres as an optical element to generate photonic nanojets within photoresist layer. The jets can be positioned microsphere-defined unit cells by controlling illumination’s angle incidence (AOI). This allows definition complex antenna elements. digital micromirror device used provide spatial...

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) using the direct anterior approach (DAA) is becoming increasingly popular due to its potential benefits over posterolateral (PLA). However, few studies have compared efficacies of these two surgical approaches in fusion treatment. This study early clinical and THA outcomes Here, 127 hips (65 DAA, 62 PLA) were retrospectively evaluated. Early postoperative functional DAA PLA groups assessed Harris score Oxford Hip Score (OHS) standard anteroposterior radiographs....

This paper presents a study of metasurface integrated microbolometers. The semiconductor absorber is sandwiched between metal Frequency-Selective Surface (FSS) and ground plane. When the electrically isolated from plane by thin dielectric it can be used to measure temperature pixel. integration with FSS removes need for Fabry-Perot cavity. allows control attributes radiation absorbed microbolometer on pixel-by-pixel basis which provides potential spectral or polarimetric imaging. also...

This paper reports the design, fabrication, characterization, and noise reduction of metasurface based uncooled infrared microbolometers with focus on device architecture. Two designs are investigated. In first devices fabricated legs positioned underneath microbolometer pixel. is facilitated by use which removes need for a Fabry-Perot 1/4 cavity. Placing pixel permits longer without sacrificing fill factor raises thermal resistance between substrate. The potentially allows spectrally...

Microsphere Photolithography uses a self-assembled hexagonal lattice of microspheres as an optical element to focus collimated light array photonic jets inside layer photoresist. This technique is applied pattern fiber for refractive index sensing and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

To validate a 10-point scoring system for the prediction of successful treatment modality in patients with cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).Data were collected from women seen between April 1, 2018, and June 30, 2019, at Second Affiliated Hospital Army Medical University China who diagnosed CSP underwent evacuation, followed by uterine artery embolization (UAE) successive laparoscopic local resection as salvage if necessary. A score was computed based on clinical ultrasonographic parameters...

To document the effect of surgical steps, including penile degloving, plate transection, dorsal plication, and fasciocutaneous coverage, in primary hypospadias repair on length.A consecutive series 209 prepubertal boys with was included age ranged from 10 to 97 months (mean, 31.7 months). Intraoperative stretched length (SPL) measured before operation ( n=209), after each step, namely degloving n=152), transection n=139), plication n=170), coverage n=209). SPLs steps or entire were analyzed....

A Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) at the Fourier plane provides dynamic angular control image for microsphere photolithography, allowing a +/- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$26^{\circ}$</tex> angle to be achieved on array. split ring resonator (SRR) glass has been fabricated demonstration.

In this article, we design a portable calibration system for air traffic control surveillance radar. This realizes the automatic flight Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR), and also can provide simple capability any aircraft without standard equipments onboard. On basis of high-precision GPS technology, is composed dual-frequency & dual-antenna receiver, PC software by our own R&D. By analyzing position accuracy dual-antenna, has ability providing automatically conversion arithmetic...