An observational evidence of medium‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) reaching to magnetic latitude as low ~3.5° over the Indian sector is provided for first time based on OI 630‐nm airglow imaging observation from a low‐latitude station, Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E; 6.6° latitude), 12 January 2016. The horizontal wavelength, phase velocity, and period MSTID are found be 160 ± 6 km, 138 14 m/s, 19.5 3 min, respectively. These fronts observed move toward southwest with propagation...

Abstract As a joint research collaboration between the National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL), and University of Kashmir (KU), NARL installed an all-sky airglow CCD imager (with centre wavelengths 630 nm, 557.7 nm [2 band widths] 840 [150 wide with blocking notch at 866 to avoid contamination molecular oxygen emissions]) in campus Srinagar (75°E, 34°N, geographic), Jammu Kashmir, India (western Himalayan region). To understand upper atmospheric dynamics ionospheric electrodynamics...

[1] Using a mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere (MST) radar and Rayleigh lidar collocated at the Indian tropical station, Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis data horizontal wind velocities measured by Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics Dynamics (TIMED Doppler Interferometer (TIDI) instrument onboard TIMED satellite, present study makes report on lateral vertical propagation characteristics of an intraseasonal...

Mountain waves in the stratosphere have been observed over elevated topographies using both nadir‐looking and limb‐viewing satellites. However, characteristics of mountain generated Himalayan range adjacent Tibetan Plateau are relatively less explored. The present study reports on three‐dimensional (3‐D) properties a wave event that occurred western region 9 December 2008. Observations made by Atmospheric Infrared Sounder board Aqua Microwave Limb Aura satellites used to delineate...

In this study, we have examined the characteristics of high‐frequency gravity waves (5–50 min periodicity) over a tropical region using mesosphere‐stratosphere‐troposphere (MST) radar installed at Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E), India. The MST (53 MHz) was operated continuously for ∼15.5 h during 1700–0840 LT on 2–3 June 2005. During period, strong unstable wind shear existed above easterly jet height tropopause. This has provided an excellent opportunity to study internal atmospheric (∼15–40...

Using MST Radar located at the Indian tropical station of Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E; near eastern coast India), studies have been made on characteristics inertia‐gravity waves generated in lower troposphere during deep depression developed over Bay Bengal 20–24 June 2007. Filtering and hodograph analyses horizontal winds indicate that low‐pressure system has inertia gravity waves, propagating outward from core depression. Strong enhancement radar reflectivity (SNR) heights ∼4–7 km for a few...

Abstract We report the influence of atmospheric gravity waves on medium scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) that are observed during month September 2020, using an airglow imager over Srinagar, Kashmir. Several cases nighttime MSTIDs at ∼250 km altitude presented which propagate either in northwestward, northward or northeastward direction. Either phase fronts not aligned NW‐SE direction, propagating southwest these believed to be non‐electrified generally associated with...

Using five years (1994–1998) of simultaneous and collocated measurements horizontal winds associated with mesosphere lower thermosphere (MLT) region geomagnetic field in the Indian dip equatorial region, an extensive experimental study has been made on influences mesospheric planetary waves electrojet (EEJ). The are measured using medium‐frequency (MF) radar (1.98 MHz) located at Tirunelveli. EEJ strength is determined by measuring both off‐dip stations, Trivandrum Alibag, India. By noting...

Using a Mesosphere–Stratosphere–Troposphere ( MST ) radar operating at 53 MHz , the present work reports that during development of convection over Indian tropical station Gadanki 1638–1730 UTC on 6 June 2011, all following three source mechanisms played important roles in determining characteristics high‐frequency internal‐atmospheric gravity waves generated: (i) latent heating convection, (ii) mechanical oscillation up‐ and down‐draughts associated with (iii) obstacle effect wind flows...

Abstract. The first CAWSES-India Tidal Campaign was conducted by the Indian scientific community during March–April 2006. objectives of this campaign were: (1) To determine characteristics tides in troposphere and lower stratosphere (0–20 km) mesosphere thermosphere (MLT) region (80–100 km), (2) to explore identify what atmospheric processes drive middle continental (3) provide information on those short-term variabilities MLT that are likely have an impact ionospheric contribute upper...

An Anemometer is a device for measuring wind speed. Propeller type anemometer measures speed by generating an a.c signal. In the development of new anemometer, we use Hall Effect sensor to generate digital The voltage levels signal depends on input applied sensor, its may be from 2.5V - 27V. Timer/Counter register in Microcontroller, whose value keeps increasing or decreasing rising edge falling internal external clock source constant rate without help CPU. counter sensor. Thus rotations...

Abstract Simultaneous wind observations from Mesosphere Stratosphere Troposphere (MST) radar collectively with Global Positioning System (GPS) radiosonde over Gadanki, covering altitude range of 3.6–20 km (January–December 2009; 365 days), divulge the propagation lower atmospheric waves up to ionosphere. It is combined temperature data (20–110 km) observed Sounding Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument onboard Thermosphere Ionosphere Energetics and Dynamics...