Abstract A driver model is designed which relates the driver's action to his perception, driving experience, and preferences over a wide range of possible traffic situations. The basic idea behind work that human uses sensory perception expert knowledge predict vehicle's future behavior for next few seconds (prediction model). At certain sampling rate motion optimized using this prediction model, in order meet objectives. tries follow optimal compensatory controller. Based on hypothesis,...

Degraded shock absorbers have a negative effect on the safety-critical driving dynamics of passenger cars. Oil and gas loss due to leaks at absorber seals are most common degradation mechanisms vehicle absorbers. This paper presents degraded twin-tube measurement results. Eight different for cars were modified measured this purpose. Based analysis, semi-physical phenomenological model is derived which can represent properties in event oil loss. The parameterized based quasi-static dynamic...

Degraded shock absorbers have a negative effect on the safety critical driving dynamics of passenger cars. Oil and gas loss due to leaks at absorber seals are most common degradation mechanisms vehicle absorbers. This paper presents degraded twin-tube measurement results. Eight different four cars modified measured for this purpose. Based analysis, semi-physical phenomenological model is defined which can represent properties in event oil loss. The parameterized based quasi-static dynamic...

ABSTRACT This work addresses the challenge of modeling tire behavior for virtual vehicle development, particularly in untripped rollover scenarios where a rolls over solely due to tire–road friction interface. Despite existence various models, limited attention has been given testing methods that accurately represent conditions. We propose revised lateral method uses data from rollover-critical driving tests derive conditions flat-track test bench and focuses on operational thermal These are...

<div>In order to efficiently predict and investigate a vehicle’s vertical dynamics, it is necessary consider the suspension component properties holistically. Although effects of stiffness damping characteristics on dynamics are widely understood, impact friction in various driving scenarios has rarely been studied both simulation road tests for several decades.</div> <div>The present study addresses this issue by performing using special device that allows modification...

A refined approach for the implementation of preview control in discrete time based on methods from earlier work is given. This allows use multiple inputs and reduces system order a discrete-time significantly with respect to former methods, while describing dynamic an exact form yielding equivalent law. method applied limited-bandwidth quarter-car system, which incorporates actuator series passive spring, combination being parallel damper. Control design carried out using linear quadratic...

Will Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Highly Automated (HAD) perform in the expected manner? they actually make road traffic safer, or will potentially introduce new critical situations accidents? It is almost impossible to address these questions solely through real-world tests. A promising tool provide appropriate answers a time-and cost-efficient way without exposing subjects risk are virtual assessment methods. Reliable safety assessments only possible, if simulations...

With the rise of Advanced Driver Assistant Systems (ADAS) and introduction Highly Automated Driving (HAD), understanding predicting road traffic accidents becomes increasingly important. Especially for assessment HAD/ADAS systems safety, precise prediction system's impact on occurrence is essential. Traffic simulations, as one option virtual assessment, enable safety in test fields. By modelling human driver, it possible to simulate predict future accident constellations severities. In...

For the last two decades, an extensive transition in automotive X-in-the-loop activities from isolated electronic control units to real-time related, geographically distributed validation tasks has occurred. Benefits are strengthening frontloading, enabling concurrent engineering and reducing prototypes testing efforts. As a downside, comprehensive system understanding adequate simulation models must be provided. New technological trends like software-over-the-air-updates denote continuous...

Automated driving systems should be able to avoid road traffic accidents and drive more safely than human drivers do. Test scenarios derived from real-world data such as police accident can help assess the safety performance of automated systems. In many countries, collect information about nearly every accident, resulting in a representative sample. However, collected often do not contain exact conflicts that cause an accident. Therefore, we estimated globally known three-digit type for...

This survey aims to provide an overview of various methods for generating data-driven test scenarios assessing automated driving systems (ADS). The updates the overall process scenario generation and categorizes current using a systematic literature reviewof 64 studies identified between 2017 01/2023. Overall, we demonstrate that should be updated by another step, fusion, leading seven steps: <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

Abstract The phase change of water or other liquids is a process that takes part in many technical applications. field research widely diversified with domains energy technology, air conditioning, and even corrosion. modalities the vary thereby. While condensation always occurs under same condition, evaporation much more complicated. liquid can be forced by boiling happens natural condition. Boiling high-energy flow therefore fast procedure. Evaporation conditions time-intensive but...

When it comes to vehicle vertical dynamics, the characteristics of shock absorbers are high importance. With increasing use active suspension systems, becomes possible adapt hydraulic damping force road event, while friction is not controllable. As a result, more relevant and can negatively affect passenger ride comfort. In many mechanical applications, observed that in lubricated sliding conditions velocity load dependent. contrast, absorber friction, therefore commonly considered as...

Scenario-based testing will help validate automated driving systems (ADS) and establish safer road traffic. To date, most data-driven test scenario generation methods rely primarily on one data source such as police accident (PD), naturalistic studies, or video-based traffic observations (VOs). However, none of these sources perfectly satisfies all layers the six-layer model for description scenarios. Moreover, not available cover same location period. Therefore, we fused information from...

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The aim of this study is to determine if the degradation one or more dampers a passenger car with ABS leads statistically significant reduction vehicle safety. Therefore, compact and mid-size are tested on flat test track an uneven by straight braking maneuvers at different levels damper degradation. Both tracks scanned using 3D laser scanner. For every level (on each track) new set tires used, preconditioning routine...