Many research fields concerned with the processing of information contained in human faces would benefit from face stimulus sets which specific facial characteristics are systematically varied while other important picture kept constant. Specifically, a database displayed expressions, gaze direction, and head orientation parametrically complete factorial design be highly useful many domains. Furthermore, these stimuli should standardised several important, technical aspects. The present...

Face masks are now worn frequently to reduce the spreading of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Their health benefits undisputable, but covering lower half one's face also makes it harder for others recognize facial expressions emotions. Three experiments were conducted determine how strongly recognition different is impaired by masks, and which emotions confused with each other. In experiment, participants had happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, disgust, as well a neutral expression, displayed male...

We investigated whether stereotype associations between specific emotional expressions and social categories underlie stereotypic emotion recognition biases. Across two studies, we replicated previously documented biases in using both dynamic (Study 1) static 2) expression displays. Stereotype consistent were more quickly decoded than inconsistent on Moroccan White male faces. Importantly, found novel evidence that participants' ethnicities emotions, as measured with a newly developed...

We systematically investigate whether reinforcement learning can modify social category biases in emotion recognition. In Experiment 1 (N = 40), we replicated that the Happy Face Advantage is influenced by membership. People were faster at recognizing happiness as than anger for White–Dutch faces, while no difference was found Moroccan–Dutch faces. Experiments 2–3 (Ntotal 144), used a go/no-go task, which people learned to act images of faces obtain rewards and not avoid punishments before...

Every year, billions of people celebrate Christmas all over the world—a religious event that is characterized by transient yet considerable changes in people’s social, cultural, and demographic environment. Drawing on Bias Crowds model, we investigate impact implicit bias. In Study 1, used Project Implicit data more than 4 million White US Americans find affects bias scores towards Black people, Arabs, with a darker skin tone, Judaism, Islam, gay people.. 2, conduct high-powered...

Recent evidence shows that body context may alter the categorization of facial expressions. However, less is known about how expressions influence emotional bodies. We hypothesized effects would be displayed bidirectionally, from bodies to faces and Participants viewed face-body compounds were required categorize emotions (Condition 1), 2), or full persons 3). Results showed for bidirectional effects: influenced by bodies, faces. because specific confusability patterns differ (e.g., disgust...

Two studies examined when and why children (10 -13 years) help ethnic in-group out-group peers.In Study 1 (n ϭ 163) could an or peer with a word-guessing game by entering codes into computer.While evaluated the more negatively than in-group, they helped peers peers.Study 2 117) conceptually replicated findings of 1. Additionally results suggest that endorsed stereotype is "less smart," this increased their intention to it decreased enter for peers.The specific content negative can guide...

Most research on emotion recognition focuses facial expressions. However, people communicate emotional information through bodily cues as well. Prior expressions has demonstrated that is modulated by top-down processes. Here, we tested whether this modulation generalizes to the of emotions from body postures. We report three studies demonstrating stereotypes and prejudice about men women may affect how fast classify various Our results suggest gender activate associations, which postures in...

The 2020 Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests in response to the murder of George Floyd highlighted lingering structural inequalities faced by people United States. In present research, we investigated whether these led reduced implicit and explicit racial bias among White U.S. Americans. Combining data from Project Implicit, Armed Conflict Location Event Data (ACLED), Google Trends, American Community survey, observed rapid drops measures after onset protests. However, both types slowly...

The present research was aimed at investigating whether human-robot interaction (HRI) can be improved by a robot's nonverbal warning signals. Ideally, when robot signals that it cannot guarantee good performance, people could take preventive actions to ensure the successful completion of task. In two experiments, participants learned either gestures predicted subsequent poor or they did not. Participants evaluated uses predictive as more trustworthy, understandable, and reliable compared are...

The accurate and swift decoding of emotional expressions from faces is fundamental for social communication. Yet, emotion perception prone to error. For example, the ease with which emotions are perceived affected by stereotypes (Bijlstra, Holland, & Wigboldus, 2010). Moreover, introduction face masks mandates in response Covid-19 pandemic additionally impedes introducing ambiguity process. Predictive coding frameworks visual predict that such situations increased sensory input (i.e.,...

The present research explored the nonconscious motivational influence of self-symbols. In line with recent findings on positive affect, we hypothesized that affect associated self-symbols may boost motivation. Study 1 people drank more a beverage when brand name contained letters. 2 emphasized central aspects motivation, and tested role implicit self-esteem. High self-esteem persisted longer performed better letter task than low people. 3 further confirmed these results, testing persistence...

The present contribution highlights the importance of context while investigating dishonesty in collaborative settings.

Facial expressions play a central role in diverse areas of psychology. However, facial stimuli are often only validated by adults, and there no face databases school-aged children. Validation children is important because still develop emotion recognition skills may have different perceptions than adults. Therefore, this study, we the adult Caucasian faces Radboud Faces Database (RaFD) 8- to 12-year-old (N = 652). Additionally, rated valence, clarity, model attractiveness. Emotion rates were...

The second coming of the Ku Klux Klan popularized and its ideas in early 1920s, terrorizing Black American, their allies, others deemed un-American. present paper investigates extent to which cultural legacy racial hatred has persisted over years. We use data from large online databases, multiverse analyses, spatial models evaluate whether regions with more historical activity show higher levels modern-day bias, White Supremacist activity. find that 1920s modern but, unexpectedly, lower...

Abstract The harm-made mind phenomenon implies that witnessing intentional harm towards agents with ambiguous minds, such as robots, leads to augmented perception in these agents. We conducted two replications of previous work on this effect and extended it by testing if robots detect simulate emotions elicit a stronger than do not. Additionally, we explored someone is perceived less prosocial when harming robot compared treating kindly. made mind-effect was replicated: participants...

We used a Face-in-the-Crowd task to examine whether hostile environments predict enhanced detection of anger, and such cognition occurs for different negative emotion, sadness, as well. conducted well-powered, preregistered study in 100 college students individuals from community sample with greater exposure environments. At the group level, was less accurate at detecting both angry sad faces than students; and, only discriminated anger more accurately sadness. individual having experienced...

To draw valid and reliable conclusions from child studies involving facial expressions, well-controlled validated (child) stimuli are necessary. The current study is the first to validate emotional expressions of models in school-aged children. In this study, we Radboud Faces Database a large sample children ( N = 547; 256 boys) aged between 8 12. addition, associated validation measures such as valence, clarity, model attractiveness were examined. Overall, results indicated that able...

Every year, billions of people celebrate Christmas all over the world—a religious event that is characterized by transient yet considerable changes in people’s direct social, cultural, and demographic environment. Drawing upon situational models, present research investigated change implicit bias towards racial, religious, sexual minority groups period a sample 4,046,637 White US Americans. We find acts as an ambiguous prime, increasing Blacks, Arabs, with darker skin tone decreasing it...