We propose that individuals who are recipients or potential of treatment designed to change their behavior have the right a therapeutic environment, services whose overriding goal is personal welfare, by competent analyst, programs teach functional skills, behavioral assessment and ongoing evaluation, most effective procedures available.

We investigated the effects of prompts on recycling behavior approximately 217 faculty, staff, and graduate students in two academic departments a large university. During intervention, signs were posted each department. One sign prompted (posted above receptacle), other proper disposal trash receptacle). Results multiple baseline design across indicated that prompt increased behavior. Installation close proximity to receptacles Department A resulted 54% improvement over baseline. Posting...

A within-subject comparison was made of the effects methylphenidate (Ritalin) and response cost in reducing off-task behavior two boys, 7 8 years age, who had been diagnosed as having an attentional deficit disorder with hyperactivity, Several dosages Ritalin (5 to 20 mg/day) were evaluated results indicating varying drug for both children. Response (with free-time reinforcer) superior raising levels on-task improving academic performance.

In Exp. I, five pre‐delinquents from Achievement Place attended a special summer school math class where study behavior and rule violations were measured daily for each boy. The boys required to take “report card” the teacher mark. simply marked yes or no whether boy had “studied whole period” “obeyed rules.” All yeses earned privileges in home that day but lost all privileges. Using reversal design, it was shown dispensed remotely could significantly improve classroom performance. II III,...

Two experiments were conducted on four units of a residential facility for the multiply-handicapped retarded in an attempt to improve daily care and training services. Experiment I compared effects two procedures maintaining work performance attendants, using A-B design units. One procedure consisted implementing specific staff-resident assignments, other allowing attendants who had met criteria be eligible weekly lottery which they could win opportunity rearrange their days off following...

We evaluated the effects of a self‐monitoring procedure to increase staff on‐task behavior and adherence scheduled activities. Self‐monitoring involved use activity cards that members completed carried with them assist in determining activities for which they were responsible at any given time. Increases both on‐schedule resulted. Supervisor feedback was subsequently added because some did not maintain consistently high levels performance. Generalization data indicated implemented during...

Five studies were conducted over a 10‐month period to determine the effectiveness of specific procedures in encouraging recycling among residential neighborhoods. Results indicated that: (a) initial levels participation neighborhoods frequently related housing values; (b) weekly pick‐ups that coincided with garbage collection days resulted higher than occurred at other times; (c) notifying homes about program through distributed door‐to‐door brochures was more effective soliciting newspaper...

This study extended the limited research on utility of tactile prompts and examined effects a treatment package implementation token economy by instructional assistants in classroom for students with disabilities. During baseline, we measured how accurately implemented based routine training they had received through school system. Baseline was followed brief in-service training, which resulted no improvement token-economy recently hired assistants. A prompting self-monitoring accuracy...

Confidence in the adequacy with which staff implement training programs requires an analysis of impact on client. In two experiments, measures were devised to reflect this impact. first, a measure consistency clients participated toilet‐training program revealed their participation be erratic. Consistent occurred after public display was introduced. Experiment II, detailed client's performance during implementation physical‐therapy programs: range‐of‐motion and ambulation. Additionally,...

Twenty‐four elementary school children in grades K‐3 participated a study to teach six street‐crossing skills: (1) wait at curb, (2) look all ways, (3) watch vehicle distance, (4) walk, (5) continue look, and (6) use crosswalk. The effects of an instructional package implemented on the street corner were evaluated using multiple‐baseline design across two groups each schools. Rapid acquisition pedestrian skills was evident both Average skill levels improved from 44% during baseline 97% after...

The effects of reward and cost token procedures on the social academic behavior two groups elementary special-education students were assessed using a reversal design. Behavioral observations three target subjects in each group revealed that both about equally effective reducing rule violations off-task behavior. Records kept daily arithmetic performance all showed output doubled during phases, although accuracy remained unchanged. When allowed to choose either contingency, no pattern...

Abstract Two studies were conducted to examine effects of feedback and reinforcement on labor cost safety behavior among roofers. Participating roofers, or subjects, belonged one roofing crew. They employed by a company in mid-sized southern city. Each day subjects received graphic verbal their previous day's performance with respect specified goal. Tangible reinforcers delivered the days following goal attainment. During first study, crew monetary reinforcer based savings (i.e., difference...

Research articles published during the first 31 years of Journal Applied Behavior Analysis were assessed for reports social validity measures. Two measures (treatment outcome and treatment acceptability) each article. In addition, incorporation analog versus naturalistic settings. Overall, acceptability reported in less than 13% articles. studies conducted settings more likely to report Possible reasons deficit reporting potential outcomes this are discussed. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Newspaper recycling, if widely practiced, could contribute to the conservation of natural resources and energy. Two experiments using multiple baseline designs with reversals were conducted investigate effects two procedures-rewards proximity recycling containers-on amount newspaper recycled. Baseline consisted placing container in each four mobile home parks. In reward condition, children earned toys for parks; six additional containers made available other The condition produced a 92%...

The present study examined the effectiveness and cost efficiency of three different techniques to encourage low‐income rural parents seek dental care for their children. families 51 children who needed immediate (determined by screening at a local school) were placed into matched groups randomly assigned treatment conditions: One Prompt (Note Only), Three (Note, Telephone Contact, Home Visit), plus $5 Incentive. Incentive significantly more effective in initiating visits than Note‐Only...

This study demonstrated the effect of training nine lower socio-economic adults participating as policy board members in a federally funded rural community project to make behaviorally defined statements increase problem-solving behaviors meetings. A multiple-baseline design across subjects and skills was used analyze behavioral categories of: (1) stating problem; (2) finding solutions problem, (3) implementing action solution. Problem-solving responses during meetings increased for...

Five fifth-grade students tutored five kindergarten children in basic arithmetic skills for 7.5 weeks. A control group consisted of who received no tutoring and were matched with the experimental ability. Pre-, mid-, posttesting was done using a skills-based test. Results showed that made far greater gains than on posttest comparison (matched pairs signed ranks test p = 0.062). In addition, subanalysis specific they improved only when skill carried out. Systematic observations tutor-student...