Jet engine exhaust is a significant source of ultrafine particles and aviation-related emissions can adversely impact air quality over large areas surrounding airports. We investigated outdoor indoor particle number concentrations (PNC) from 16 residences located in two study the greater Boston metropolitan area (MA, USA) for evidence impacts. During winds direction Logan International Airport, that is, impact-sector winds, an increase PNC was clearly evident at all seven Chelsea (∼4–5 km...

Ambient ultrafine particles (UFPs; with an aerodynamic diameter < 0.1 μm) may exert greater toxicity than other pollution components because of their enhanced oxidative capacity and ability to translocate systemically. Studies examining associations between prenatal UFP exposure childhood asthma remain sparse.

Ultrafine particles are emitted at high rates by jet aircraft. To determine the possible impacts of aviation activities on ambient ultrafine particle number concentrations (PNCs), we analyzed PNCs measured from 3 months to 3.67 years three sites within 7.3 km Logan International Airport (Boston, MA). At 4.0 and airport, average were 2- 1.33-fold higher, respectively, when winds direction airport compared other directions, indicating that PNC extend many kilometers downwind airport....

Exposure to traffic-generated ultrafine particles (UFP; &lt;100 nm) is likely a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We conducted trial of high-efficiency particulate arrestance (HEPA) filtration in public housing near highway. Twenty residents 19 apartments living &lt;200 m from the highway participated randomized, double-blind crossover trial. A HEPA filter unit and particle counter (measuring number concentration (PNC), proxy UFP) were installed rooms. Participants exposed filtered air...

Significant spatial and temporal variation in ultrafine particle (UFP; <100 nm diameter) concentrations creates challenges developing predictive models for epidemiological investigations. We compared the performance of land-use regression built by combining mobile stationary measurements (hybrid model) with a model using only (mobile Chelsea Boston, MA (USA). In each study area, number concentration (PNC; proxy UFP) was measured at reference site laboratory driven along fixed route during an...

Few longitudinal studies have examined the association between ultrafine particulate matter (UFP, particles < 0.1 μm aerodynamic diameter) exposure and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. We used data from 791 adults participating in Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (Massachusetts, USA) 2004 2015 to assess whether UFP was associated with blood pressure high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP, a biomarker of systemic inflammation). Residential annual average (measured as particle...

Short-term exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP; <100 nm in diameter), which are present at high concentrations near busy roadways, is associated with markers of cardiovascular and respiratory disease risk. To date, few long-term studies (months years) have been conducted due the challenges assignment. address this, we modified hybrid land-use regression models particle number (PNCs; a proxy for UFP) two study areas Boston (MA) by replacing measured PNC term an hourly model adjusting...

Objective. Numerous institutional facilitators and barriers to preparedness planning exist at the local level for vulnerable at-risk populations. Findings of this evaluation study contribute ongoing practice-based efforts improve response services address public health training as they relate Methods. From January 2012 through June 2013, we conducted a multilevel, mixed-methods North Carolina Preparedness Emergency Response Research Center's Vulnerable &amp; At-Risk Populations Resource...

Abstract Background Aircraft noise is a key concern for communities surrounding airports, with increasing evidence health effects and inequitable distributions of exposure. However, there have been limited national-scale assessments aircraft exposure over time across metrics, limiting evaluation population patterns. Objective We evaluated temporal trends in aviation by airport characteristics racial/ethnic populations the U.S. Methods Noise contours were modeled 90 airports 5-year intervals...

Background: Communities with lower socioeconomic status and higher prevalence of racial/ethnic minority populations are often more exposed to environmental pollutants. Although studies have shown associations between aircraft noise property values various health outcomes, little is known about how exposures sociodemographically patterned. Objective: Our aim was describe characteristics aviation by race/ethnicity, education, income in the United States. Methods: Aircraft contours...

Aircraft emissions contribute to overall ambient air pollution, including ultrafine particle (UFP) concentrations. However, accurately ascertaining aviation contributions UFP is challenging due high spatiotemporal variability along with intermittent emissions. The objective of this study was evaluate the impact arrival aircraft on number concentration (PNC), a proxy for UFP, across six sites 3–17 km from major flight path into Boston Logan International Airport by utilizing real-time...

Little is known of the relationship between exposure to smallest particles air pollution and socio-demographic characteristics. This paper explores linkages ultrafine particle (UFP) concentrations indicators both race/ethnicity socioeconomic status in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. We used estimates UFP based on a highly-resolved land-use regression model concentrations. In multivariate linear models census block groups with high proportions Asians were associated higher levels comparison...

During 2009-2011, Pike County, Kentucky, experienced a series of severe weather events that resulted in property damage, insufficient potable water, and need for temporary shelters. A Community Assessment Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) survey was implemented future planning. CASPER assesses household health status, preparedness level, anticipated demand shelters.We used 2-stage cluster sampling design to randomly select 210 representative households in-person interviews. We...

Preventing Chronic Disease (PCD) is a peer-reviewed electronic journal established by the National Center for Prevention and Health Promotion. PCD provides an open exchange of information knowledge among researchers, practitioners, policy makers, others who strive to improve health public through chronic disease prevention.

### Objective: Not all unusual imaging findings are pathological. The purpose of this case to present a very brain MRI, with no clinical correlation. Background: N/A Design/Methods: 40 Year-old man past medical history presented after an episode syncope. Routine electroencephalogram was normal. MRI brain, and without contrast showed multiple cystic cavities scant, patchy gliosis, located almost exclusively in the left hemispheric white matter basal ganglia. CT-angiogram head neck did not...

Introduction: Exposure to traffic-related ultrafine particles (UFP; 10^4 vehicles/day), distance from bus routes, and whether on a major roadway or not. The adjusted-R^2 of the hourly PNC model was 0.37. Back-extrapolating hourly-modeled eight years had an R^2 0.27 when compared stationary site within study area, while aggregating daily values increased 0.35. Conclusions: While decreased after extrapolating back in time, this may still be used assign exposure longitudinal health studies test...

PDS 65: Exposure assessment: implications for epidemiology, Exhibition Hall (PDS), Ground floor, August 27, 2019, 1:30 PM - 3:00 Background: Studies have shown that low-income and minority communities bear a disproportionate burden of air pollutants. We are particularly concerned with the smallest fraction particulate matter (PM), ultrafine particles (UFP; aerodynamic diameter < 0.1 microns), elevated near traffic sources in urban areas. hypothesized indicators lower socioeconomic position...

Introduction: Previous studies suggest links between air pollution and cognitive function in adults, but the association long-term exposure to ultrafine particulate matter (UFP, 60%). Annual residential average UFP (measured as particle number concentration or PNC) was assigned using a model accounting for spatial temporal trends. We adjusted PNC values participants' inhalation rate obtain (PIR). Multilevel linear models with random intercepts each participant were used examine scores on...

An In-Home High-Efficiency Particulate Arrestance Filtration Intervention For Ultrafine ParticlesAbstract Number:3176 Sonja M. Rivera, Megan Byrne, Mei Chung, Mojdeh Karkhanehchi, Matthew C. Simon, John L. Durant, and Doug Brugge Rivera Tufts University School Of Medicine , Byrne College Arts And Sciences Chung Karkhanehchi Simon Engineering Durant AbstractIntroduction: Puerto Rican adults experience health disparities for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exposure to traffic-generated ultrafine...

Introduction: Ultrafine particles (UFP; <100 nanometers diameter) are ubiquitous in the urban environment. Their extremely small size allows them to penetrate deep into lungs as well cross biological barriers. Epidemiology studies have shown associations between exposure UFP and cardiovascular disease risk. Urban originate mainly from combustion sources, with some of highest concentrations occurring near highways major roadways. Additionally, can be formed via secondary photochemical...

Introduction: Disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) are substantial and persistent the social environment may explain a proportion of these disparities. A critical barrier to understanding CVD disparities is interrelated conceptual physical nature predictors including air pollution, socioeconomic status psychosocial stress. We examine relationships among mainland Puerto Rican cohort, population characterized by high CV risk compared other Hispanic/Latino groups. Methods: The Boston...