Abstract The search for habitable environments and biomarkers in exoplanetary atmospheres is the holy grail of exoplanet science. detection atmospheric signatures Earth-like exoplanets challenging owing to their small planet–star size contrast thin with high mean molecular weight. Recently, a new class exoplanets, called Hycean worlds, has been proposed, defined as temperate ocean-covered worlds H 2 -rich atmospheres. Their large sizes extended atmospheres, compared rocky planets same mass,...

The JWST has ushered in a new era atmospheric characterisations of temperate low-mass exoplanets with recent detections carbon-bearing molecules the candidate Hycean world K2-18 b. We investigated observations TOI-270 system, two sub-Neptunes simultaneously transiting nearby M dwarf during visit. report our characterisation outer planet d, world, transmission spectroscopy using NIRSpec G395H instrument 2.7–5.2 μm range, combined previous obtained HST WFC3 spectrograph (1.1–1.6 μm). spectrum...

Ground-based high-resolution transmission spectroscopy has emerged as a promising technique for detecting chemicals in transiting exoplanetary atmospheres. Despite chemical inferences several exoplanets and previous robustness studies, robust consistent detrending method to remove telluric stellar features from spectra yet be agreed upon. In this work we investigate the of metrics used optimise PCA-based near-infrared. As case study, consider observations hot Jupiter HD 189733 b obtained...

Abstract High-resolution spectroscopy has proven to be a powerful avenue for atmospheric remote sensing of exoplanets. Recently, ESO commissioned the CRIRES+ high-resolution infrared spectrograph at Very Large Telescope. is cross-dispersed with high throughput and wide wavelength coverage across near-infrared (0.95–5.3 μ m), designed particularly suited characterization In this work, we report early insights into performance exoplanet conduct detailed assessment data reduction procedure....

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is ushering in a new era remote sensing of exoplanetary atmospheres. Atmospheric retrievals exoplanets can be highly sensitive to high-precision JWST data. It is, therefore, imperative characterise the instruments and noise sources using early observations enable robust characterisation atmospheres JWST-quality spectra. present work step that direction, focusing on NIRISS SOSS instrument mode, with wavelength coverage 0.6 - 2.8 {\mu}m R ~ 700. Using...

Abstract The recent JWST detections of carbon-bearing molecules in a habitable-zone sub-Neptune have opened new era the study low-mass exoplanets. regime spans wide diversity planetary interiors and atmospheres not witnessed solar system, including mini-Neptunes, super-Earths, water worlds. Recent works investigated possibility gas dwarfs, with rocky thick H 2 -rich atmospheres, to explain aspects population, radius valley. Interactions between envelope potential magma ocean may lead...

ABSTRACT The JWST has ushered in a new era of exoplanet transit spectroscopy. Among the instruments, Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) most extensive set configurations for time-series observations. NIRSpec Prism and G395H grating represent two extremes instrument modes, with spanning wider spectral range (0.6–5.3 µm) at lower resolution (R ∼ 100) compared to (2.87–5.14 µm; R 2700). In this work, we develop data reduction framework, JexoPipe, conduct homogeneous assessment modes We use...

The search for habitable environments and biomarkers in exoplanetary atmospheres is the holy grail of exoplanet science. detection atmospheric signatures Earth-like exoplanets challenging due to their small planet-star size contrast thin with high mean molecular weight. Recently, a new class exoplanets, called Hycean worlds, has been proposed, defined as temperate ocean-covered worlds H2-rich atmospheres. Their large sizes extended atmospheres, compared rocky planets same mass, make...

A complete and minimal relativistic Lagrangian is constructed at next-to-leading order for SU(3) chiral perturbation theory in the presence of baryon octet decuplet states. The has 13 terms pure sector, 6 transition sector from to (as already known literature) 16 sector. field content 25 these meson-baryon four-point interactions. 3 give rise mass splitting states, respectively. 2 overall shifts. 4 provide anomalous magnetic moments a decuplet-to-octet moment. 1 term leads an axial vector It...

A compact 10 kW RF power amplifier at 352 MHz was developed FREIA for the European Spallation Source, ESS. The specifications of ESS conception amplifiers are related to its pulsed operation: 3.5 ms pulse length and a duty cycle 5%. realized is composed eight kilowatt level modules, combined using planar Gysel 8-way combiner. combiner has low insertion loss only 0.2 dB, measured peak power. Each module built around commercially available LDMOS transistor in singleended architecture. During...

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is ushering in a new era remote sensing of exoplanetary atmospheres. Atmospheric retrievals exoplanets can be highly sensitive to high-precision JWST data. It is, therefore, imperative characterise the instruments and noise sources using early observations enable robust characterisation atmospheres JWST-quality spectra. present work step that direction, focusing on NIRISS SOSS instrument mode, with wavelength coverage 0.6 - 2.8 μm R ~ 700. Using...

Axial-vector transitions of decuplet to octet baryons are parametrized at low energies guided by a complete and minimal chiral Lagrangian up next-to-leading order. It is pointed out that beyond the well-known leading-order term, there only one contribution This flavor symmetric. Therefore corresponding low-energy constant can be determined in any strangeness sector. As functions this constant, we calculate decay widths Dalitz distributions for decays baryons, pions, photons weak Omega baryon...

The JWST has ushered in a new era atmospheric characterisations of temperate low-mass exoplanets with recent detections carbon-bearing molecules the candidate Hycean world K2-18 b. We investigated observations TOI-270 system, two sub-Neptunes simultaneously transiting nearby M dwarf during visit. report our characterisation outer planet d, world, transmission spectroscopy using NIRSpec G395H instrument 2.7-5.2 $\mu$m range, combined previous obtained HST WFC3 spectrograph (1.1-1.6 $\mu$m)....

The JWST has ushered in a new era of exoplanet transit spectroscopy. Among the instruments, Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) most extensive set configurations for time series observations. NIRSpec Prism and G395H grating represent two extremes instrument modes, with spanning wider spectral range (0.6-5.3 $\mu$m at lower resolution (R$\sim$100) compared to (2.87-5.14 $\mu$m; R$\sim$2700). In this work, we develop data reduction framework, JexoPipe, conduct homogeneous assessment modes We...

The recent JWST detections of carbon-bearing molecules in a habitable-zone sub-Neptune have opened new era the study low-mass exoplanets. regime spans wide diversity planetary interiors and atmospheres not witnessed solar system, including mini-Neptunes, super-Earths, water worlds. Recent works investigated possibility gas dwarfs, with rocky thick H$_2$-rich atmospheres, to explain aspects population, radius valley. Interactions between envelope potential magma ocean may lead observable...

Ground-based high-resolution transmission spectroscopy has emerged as a promising technique for detecting chemicals in transiting exoplanetary atmospheres. Despite chemical inferences several exoplanets and previous robustness studies, robust consistent detrending method to remove telluric stellar features from spectra yet be agreed upon. In this work we investigate the of metrics used optimise PCA-based near-infrared. As case study, consider observations hot Jupiter HD 189733 b obtained...