A5066742208- Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Pharmacological Effects and Assays
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
Virginia Tech
2021-2024
Purdue University West Lafayette
2024
Abstract Over the past decade, Haemaphysalis longicornis, Asian longhorned tick, has undergone a geographic range expansion in United States, from its historical east Asia. This tick been characterized by frequent parasitism of livestock, an ability to reproduce through parthenogenesis, and transmit variety vector-borne pathogens wildlife, human hosts native range. Thus far 17 states have reported H. longicornis populations, including 38 counties Virginia. These numbers come presence-absence...
Hyperinsulinemia concurrent with hypoglycemia is one of a myriad physiological changes typically experienced by lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress, the consequences which are not yet well defined or understood. Therefore, objective this experiment was separate production-related effects hyperinsulinemia from those hyperthermic environment. Multiparous Holstein (n = 23; 58 ± 4 d in milk, 3.1 0.3 lactations) were housed temperature-controlled rooms and all subjected experimental...
Heat-stressed lactating dairy cattle exhibit unique metabolic symptoms; many of which are undoubtedly involved in heat-induced subfertility. Because its known systemic effects, we hypothesized that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) participates the regulation insulin and progesterone during heat stress. Multiparous Holstein cows (n=6) were studied four experimental periods: 1) thermoneutral (TN; d 1-5), 2) TN + hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp (d 6-10), 3) stress (HS; 16-20), 4) HS euglycemic...
The hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), Adelges tsugae, has threatened the sustainable management of Tsuga canadensis in eastern United States. Biological control efforts have led to establishment Laricobius nigrinus, a specialist predator HWA. Although L. nigrinus significant impact on HWA populations, its effect health HWA’s host is unknown. In 2020, 14 hemlocks at one site Virginia were selected determine whether predation different densities populations had an tree health. significantly...
If validated for use in dairy cattle, interstitial continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) could be easily implemented, informative tools research, clinical, and perhaps even on-farm applications. To evaluate their efficacy, 2 experiments were conducted, during which lactating Holstein cows fit with indwelling jugular catheters, as well FreeStyle Libre (FSL; Abbott) Dexcom G6 (DexCom Inc.) CGMs secured either behind polls, lateral to ears, or beneath pin bones on upper rear legs. During the first...
Heat-stressed lactating dairy cattle exhibit unique metabolic symptoms, many of which are undoubtedly involved in heat-induced subfertility. Because its known systemic effects, we hypothesized that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) participates the regulation insulin and progesterone during heat stress. Multiparous Holstein cows (n = 6) were studied four experimental periods: (1) thermoneutral (TN; d 1–5), (2) TN + hyperinsulinemic–hypoglycemic clamp (d 6–10), (3) stress (HS; 16–20), (4) HS...
Abstract Inanimate surfaces that are contaminated with infectious pathogens common sources of spread for many communicable diseases. Understanding how ambient temperature alters the ability to remain viable on these is critical understanding fomites can contribute seasonal patterns disease outbreaks. House finches ( Haemorhous mexicanus ) experience fall and winter outbreaks mycoplasmal conjunctivitis, caused by bacterial pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG). Although bird feeder serve as...
Consumption of zearalenone (ZEN) detrimentally affects tissues and systems throughout the body, these deleterious effects are especially pronounced in swine. The objectives this project were to determine short-term consumption ZEN (at concentrations that could be found on-farm) on growth, carcass weight, liver reproductive pubertal gilts, if transient or persistent. Cross-bred gilts (107.25 ± 2.69 kg) randomly assigned one three feed treatments: 1) solvent only for 21 d (CON; n = 10), 2) 7...
The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential benefits short-duration, high-dose chromium (Cr) supplementation in early postpartum dairy cows during summer months. Multiparous, early-lactation (20.95 ± 0.21 d milk) were assigned 1 2 treatment groups: (1) control diet (Con; n = 10) or (2) + Cr propionate (CrPro; 12 mg/head per day Cr; 12). Measurements ovarian structures, respiration rates (RR), rectal temperatures (RT), and blood glucose concentrations recorded every 3 d. Blood...