A5091895732- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Music Therapy and Health
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Aging and Gerontology Research
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Art Therapy and Mental Health
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Frailty in Older Adults
University of Victoria
2015-2024
University of Houston - Victoria
2024
Institute of Aging
2017-2023
Massachusetts General Hospital
2007-2021
Dartmouth College
2021
Harvard University
2011-2021
McMaster University
2019
Institute on Aging
2016-2019
Tata Memorial Hospital
2019
Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer
2019
Age differences in three basic types of variability were examined: between persons (diversity), within across tasks (dispersion), and time (inconsistency). Measures based on latency performance from four measures reaction (RT) performed by a total 99 younger adults (ages 17–36 years) 763 older 54–94 years). Results indicated that all greater compared with participants even when group speed statistically controlled. Quantile-quantile plots showed age task the shape inconsistency...
Increased intraindividual variability (IIV), reflecting within-person fluctuations in behavioral performance, is commonly observed aging as well select disorders including traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and dementia. Much recent progress has been made toward understanding the functional significance of IIV cognitive performance (MacDonald, Nyberg, & Bäckman, 2006) biological information processing (Stein, Gossen, Jones 2005), with...
Abstract Although the relationship between education and cognitive status is well-known, evidence regarding whether moderates trajectory of change in late life conflicting. Early studies suggested that higher levels attenuate decline. More recent using improved longitudinal methods have not found Fewer explored exerts different effects on changes within domains. In present study, we analyzed data from 1014 participants Victoria Longitudinal Study to examine composite scores reflecting verbal...
Keywords: dementia, Alzheimer's disease, clinical features, multidisciplinary care, BPSD, prodromal dementia
Intraindividual variability in latency and accuracy of cognitive performance across both trials occasions was examined 3 groups older adults: healthy adults, adults with arthritis, diagnosed mild dementia. Participants completed 2 reaction-time episodic-memory tasks on 4 occasions. Results indicated that intraindividual greater individuals dementia than who were neurologically intact, regardless their health status. Individual differences stable over time domains. also related to level...
The authors used 6-year longitudinal data from the Victoria Longitudinal Study (VLS) to investigate individual differences in amount of episodic memory change. Latent change models revealed reliable cognitive Changes were significantly correlated with changes other variables, including speed and working memory. A structural equation model for latent scores showed that predicted memory, as expected by processing resource theory. However, these effects best modeled being mediated induction...
Performance variability across repeated task administrations may be an important indicator of age-related cognitive functioning. In the present investigation, authors examined whether age differences and change in inconsistency were related to 6-year (3 occasion) change. Inconsistency scores computed from 4 reaction time tasks performed by 446 older adults (54-89 years). Replicating previous cross-sectional results, greater was observed for participants even after controlling response speed....
A well-known challenge for research in the cognitive neuropsychology of aging is to distinguish between deficits and changes associated with normal those indicative early impairment. In a series 2 studies, authors explored whether neurocognitive markers, speed (mean level) inconsistency (intraindividual variability), distinguished age groups (64-73 74-90+ years) status (nonimpaired, mildly impaired, moderately impaired). Study 1 (n = 416) showed that both level (not impaired) groups, modest...
Objective: Building on results suggesting that intraindividual variability in reaction time (inconsistency) is highly sensitive to even subtle changes cognitive ability, this study addressed the capacity of inconsistency predict change status (i.e., impairment, no dementia [CIND] classification) and attrition 5 years later.Method: Two hundred twelve community-dwelling older adults, initially aged 64 -92 years, remained after years.Inconsistency was calculated from baseline...
Background Variation in the clinical manifestation of dementia has been associated with differences cognitive reserve, although less is known about cumulative effects exposure to reserve factors over life course. We examined association reserve-related lifespan risk a community-based cohort older adults. Methods and findings Information on early-life education, socioeconomic status, work complexity at age 20, midlife occupation attainment, late-life leisure activities was collected...
Poor awareness of deficit is common after brain injury. Recent literature has examined various tools for measurement this phenomenon; the most widely used being self–other rating scales. Although scale measures have face validity, their criterion-related validity not been adequately demonstrated, and there little information as to whether how they relate other neuropsychological measures. The present study compared by Dysexecutive (DEX) Questionnaire with Self-Awareness Deficits Interview...
Research in the developmental sciences is based largely on samples of convenience rather than drawn at random from population. The important question whether results observed generalise to larger population has not been studied directly. Because demographic growth proportion older adults and increases diversity across lifespan, it especially address this issue aging adults. We compared performance (65–100 years) psychological measures for a sample community dwelling two convenience....
Intraindividual variability (IIV) reflects within-person changes in performance, such as trial-by-trial fluctuations on a reaction-time (RT) task. The neural underpinnings of IIV remain largely unknown. neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) is particular interest here, human populations that exhibit DA alterations, the elderly, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder children, persons with schizophrenia, and Parkinson patients, also show increased behavioral IIV. We examined links between...
Among older adults, deficits in both level and variability of speeded performance are linked to neurological impairment.This study examined whether when speed (rate), (inconsistency), traditional accuracy-based markers cognitive foreshadow terminal decline impending death.Victoria Longitudinal Study data spanning 12 years (5 waves) measurement were assembled for 707 adults aged 59 95 years.Whereas 442 survivors completed all waves relevant measures, 265 decedents participated on at least one...