The lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery is regarded as the most promising rechargeable energy storage technology for increasing applications of clean transportation systems due to its remarkable high theoretical density 2.6 kWh kg −1 , considerably outperforming today's lithium‐ion batteries. Additionally, use sulfur active cathode material has advantages being inexpensive, environmentally benign, and naturally abundant. However, insulating nature sulfur, fast capacity fading, short lifespan Li–S...

A novel catalyst design for the conversion of mono- and disaccharides to lactic acid its alkyl esters was developed. The uses a mesoporous silica, here represented by MCM-41, which is filled with polyaromatic graphite-like carbon network. particular structure carbon-silica composite allows accommodation broad variety catalytically active functions, useful attain cascade reactions, in readily tunable pore texture. significance joint action Lewis weak Brønsted sites studied realize fast...

In this work, we introduce a new concept to fabricate on chip, all solid-state and flexible micro-supercapacitors based MnOx/Au multilayers, which are compatible with current microelectronics. The micro-supercapacitor exhibits maximum energy density of 1.75 mW h cm−3 power 3.44 W cm−3, both much higher than the values obtained for other supercapacitors. At scan rate 1 V s−1, volumetric capacitance 32.8 F is multilayer electrodes, bare MnOx electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy...

Three-dimensionally "curved" NiO nanomembranes made using a simple fabrication technique followed by thermal oxidation process are reported. As anode materials for lithium ion batteries, the curved exhibit impressive results, i.e., ultrafast power rate (50 C), high capacity of 721 mAh g−1 at 1.5 C, and long lifetime 1400 cycles, making them attractive Li-ion batteries.

A novel one-pot catalytic approach is presented that able to directly transform cellulose into straight-chain alkanes (mainly <italic>n</italic>-hexane).

Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and vinylene (VC) are the most frequently used electrolyte components to enhance lifetime of anode materials in Li-ion batteries, but for silicon it is still ambiguous when FEC or VC more beneficial. Herein, a nanostructured silicon/carbon derived from low-cost HSiCl3 tailored by rational choice component, obtain an material outperforming current complex structures. We demonstrate highly reversible areal capacities up 5 mA h/cm2 at 4.4 mg/cm2 mass loading,...

Rolling their own: Naturally rolled-up C/Si/C trilayer nanomembranes (see scheme) exhibit a high reversible capacity of about 2000 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1, and 100 % retention 500 after 300 cycles. This technique is general could be applied to the fabrication other battery materials that undergo large volume changes. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have attracted considerable interest because wide range environmentally friendly applications, such as portable electronics, electric vehicles (EVs),...

Abstract Antiferromagnetic NiO films used for pinning layers in spin valve systems were prepared by reactive sputtering from an target with variation of the oxygen/argon mixture sputter gas. Using XPS depth profiling we investigated x overstoichiometry ( &gt; 1) that was found other methods and chemical changes during annealing. A direct detection Ni 3+ failed because strong preferential formation metallic sputtering. By means factor analysis a qualitative description is possible. Indirectly...

Aim: In this paper, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are presented as feasible carriers for carboplatin, a therapeutic agent cancer treatment. The drug was introduced into CNTs to demonstrate that they suited nanocontainers and nanocarriers can release the initialize its medical virtue. Method: filling accomplished by wet-chemical approach after were opened. effect on cell proliferation cytotoxicity of carboplatin-filled CNT investigated using viability assays. Results: Using different analysis...

Lewis acid Snβ-type zeolites with varying amounts of Brønsted Al in the framework were synthesized using a simple two-step procedure comprising partial dealumination β zeolite under action acid, followed by grafting SnCl4·5H2O dry isopropanol. Characterization thus-prepared Al-containing Snβ (Sn/pDeAlβ) ICP, (pyridine probed) FTIR, and 27Al MAS NMR demonstrates presence AlIII. Tetrahedral acidic SnIV is present, as ascertained combination techniques such EPMA, 119Sn Möβbauer, XPS, UV–vis. A...

The row of endohedral fullerenes is extended by a new type sulfur-containing clusterfullerenes: the metal sulfide (M(2)S) has been stabilized within fullerene cage for first time. clusterfullerenes M(2)S@C(82)-C(3v)(8) have isolated variety metals (M = Sc, Y, Dy, and Lu). UV-vis-NIR, electrochemical, FTIR spectroscopic characterization DFT calculations point to close similarity M(2)S@C(82) isomeric electronic structure that carbide M(2)C(2)@C(2n). bonding in studied detail molecular orbital...

Because of the outstanding high theoretical specific energy density 2600 Wh kg–1, lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery is regarded as a promising candidate for post lithium-ion systems eligible to meet forthcoming market requirements. However, its commercialization on large scale thwarted by fast capacity fading caused Achilles' heel Li–S systems: polysulfide shuttle. Here, we merge physical features carbon-coated separators and unique chemical properties N S codoped mesoporous carbon create...

Hierarchically designed SiOx/SiOy rolled-up bilayer nanomembranes are used as anodes for lithium-ion batteries. The functionalities of the SiO(x,y) layers can be engineered by simply controlling oxygen content, resulting in that exhibit a reversible capacity about 1300 mA h g−1 with an excellent stability over 100 cycles, well good rate capability. As service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied authors. Such materials peer reviewed may...

Silicon is a promising negative electrode for secondary lithium-based batteries, but the electrochemical reversibility of particularly nanostructured silicon electrodes drastically depends on their interfacial characteristics, commonly known as solid electrolyte interface (SEI). The beneficial origin certain additives or different binders still discussed controversially owing to challenging peculiarities post-mortem investigations electrodes. In this work, we address common difficulties SEI...

Nanostructured TiO2 of different polymorphs, mostly prepared by hydro/solvothermal methods, have been extensively studied for more than a decade as anode materials in lithium ion batteries. Enormous efforts devoted to improving the electrical conductivity and diffusivity chemically synthesized nanostructures. In this work we demonstrate that 3D Ti3+-self-doped (TiO2-δ) nanomembranes, which are physical vapor deposition combined with strain-released rolled-up technology, great potential...

Fabrication and comparative analysis of the gas sensing devices based on individualized single-walled carbon nanotubes four different types (pristine, boron doped, nitrogen semiconducting ones) for detection low concentrations ammonia is presented. The comparison performance devices, in terms resistance change under exposure to at combined with detailed chemical bonding dopant atoms nanotube walls sheds light interaction NH3 nanotubes. Furthermore, chemoresistive measurements showed that use...

The lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery is one of the most promising candidates for next generation rechargeable batteries owing to its high theoretical energy density, which 4- 5-fold greater than those state-of-the-art Li–ion batteries. However, commercial applications have been hampered due insulating nature sulfur and poor cycling stability caused by polysulfide shuttle phenomenon. In this work, we show that Li–S with a mesoporous carbon interlayer placed between separator cathode not only...

The intrinsic advantages of metallic Zn, like high theoretical capacity (820 mAh g-1 ), abundance, low toxicity, and safety have driven the recent booming development rechargeable Zn batteries. However, lack high-voltage electrolyte cathode materials restricts cell voltage mostly to below 2 V. Moreover, dendrite formation poor rechargeability anode hinder long-term operation Here a durable Zn-graphite battery, which is enabled by LiPF6 -containing hybrid electrolyte, reported. presence...

Nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbons were synthesized by a solvent-free mechanochemically induced one-pot synthesis. This facile approach involves the mechanochemical treatment and carbonization of three solid materials: potassium carbonate, urea, lignin, which is waste product from pulp industry. The resulting nitrogen-doped porous offer very high specific surface area up to 3000 m2 g-1 large pore volume 2 cm3 . reaction impact activation functionalization are investigated nitrogen water...

Nitrogen-doped carbons were synthesized by a solvent-free mechanochemically induced one-pot synthesis using renewable biomass waste. Three solid materials are used: sawdust as carbon source, urea and/or melamine nitrogen and potassium carbonate an activation agent. The resulting nitrogen-doped porous offer very high specific surface area of up to 3000 m2 g-1 large pore volume 2 cm3 . Also, content 4 wt % (urea only) 12 (melamine is generated, depending on the sources. mechanochemical...

In order to utilize silicon as alternative anode for unfavorable lithium metal in – sulfur (Li–S) batteries, a profound understanding of the interfacial characteristics ether-based electrolytes is required. Herein, solid electrolyte interface (SEI) nanostructured silicon/carbon after long-term cycling an Li–S batteries investigated. The role LiNO3 and 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) dimethoxy ethane (DME) solutions typically used components on electrochemical performance are evaluated. Because high...