To determine the prevalence and routes of transmission hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Hafizabad, Pakistan, we collected sera 1993 from a geographically based random sample residents, 1994 identified 15 HCV-infected individuals (cases) 67 age sex matched uninfected (controls). Initially approached 504 households, serum randomly selected household member 309 (64%). Twenty persons (6·5%) had anti-HCV antibody; 31% percent B core antibodies, 4·3% surface antigen. In case-control study, who...

Introduction: The purpose of this article is to provide a general understanding the concepts sampling as applied health-related research. Sample Size Estimation: It important select representative sample in quantitative research order be able generalize results target population. should required size and must selected using an appropriate probability technique. There are many hidden biases which can adversely affect outcome study. Important factors consider for estimating include study...

Dietary habits in Saudi Arabia have been shifting toward the Western diet, which is high fat, salt, and sugar, leading to a obesity rate. Different dietary strategies such as Ketogenic Diet (KD), Intermittent Fasting (IF), Gluten Free (GFD), Calorie Restriction (CRD) shown an influential role weight loss. This study aimed compare trending diets correlate different types of diet with lifestyle among adults Arabia.

This article describes the importance of selecting appropriate epidemiological study design for a given question. It provides an explanation to different terms used in describing designs with regards observational versus interventional and descriptive analytical types designs. focuses on description designs, that is, case report, series, correlational, cross-sectional The requirements these are discussed along advantages disadvantages each design. studies similar context they based single...

Emotional intelligence (EI) is potentially associated with higher academic performance. However, no study from the Gulf region has previously assessed if EI affects success and performance in medical students.To examine relationship between a sample of Saudi Arabian students.This cross-sectional, questionnaire included all 4th-6th year students enrolled at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Arabia, 2017-18. Eligible were invited to complete...

Turner syndrome (TS) is a common genetic disorder caused by abnormalities of the X chromosome. We aimed to describe phenotypic characteristics TS patients and evaluate their association with presenting clinical time at diagnosis.We studied females diagnosed King Abdul Aziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh between 1983 2010. Patients were classified based upon karyotype into classical monosomy 45,X (group A) other chromosome (mosaic 45,X/46,XX, Xqisochromosomes, Xp or Xq deletion) B). Clinical...

Patients with primary childhood nephrotic syndrome (PCNS) develop alterations in their cellular and humoral immunity that predisposes them to the development of infection, lead have frequent relapses. Also, infection could be significantly enhanced by immunosuppressive agents. This study aims estimate burden, rate identify possible risk factors PCNS requiring hospitalization.A cross-sectional hospitalized children≤14years age diagnosed King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Riyadh from January 2003...

The purpose of the study was to determine incidence retinopathy prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), identify risk factors that predispose ROP, and assess outcome these infants.This a retrospective cohort on premature with birth weight (BW) <1501 g or gestational age (GA) <32 weeks. These were admitted NICU at tertiary hospital Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from January 2010 December 2014.Five hundred ninety-three included; data available for 581 infants. Of...

Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is considered to be the most common reason for children's visits emergency departments or outpatient clinics. The misuse and overuse of antibiotics are currently major public health problems worldwide. This study aimed assess Saudi parents' knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) regarding use in URTIs children. cross-sectional was conducted Arabia using a previously validated questionnaire, which distributed Twitter. A total 385 individuals completed...

Abstract Sleep disturbances are commonly reported by patients with asthma. However, the prevalence of sleep disturbance and its association level asthma control is unknown. The primary objective was to determine among Saudi adult asthmatic attending pulmonary clinics at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC). study also aimed compare quality between controlled uncontrolled patients. carried out in outpatient KAMC utilized a cross-sectional survey. survey included five different questionnaires:...

Vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by patchy depigmentation in the skin, affecting not just physical well-being of patients, but also mental, emotional, and social aspects their lives. Social media provides platform where patients can interact share experiences, for physicians experts to disseminate knowledge on disease. This study aimed evaluate accuracy overall quality vitiligo-related content YouTube.Thirty videos were screened relevance according inclusion criteria. Videos...

<h3>Objectives:</h3> To evaluated the home healthcare efficacy in managing tracheostomy patients at King Abdulaziz Medical City under Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs. Home is care provided to convenience their homes ensure high-quality based on providers' supervision. <h3>Methods:</h3> This retrospective cohort study utilizing a non-probability consecutive sampling technique, including all available tracheal with no exclusion criteria, was carried out Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between...

To evaluate the clinical and biochemical characteristics of children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).In this retrospective study conducted between June 2012 November 2013 at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom Saudi Arabia, we evaluated pediatric DKA admissions from 1995-2008 (Phase 1). From case files, obtained information related to patients' age, gender, weight, presenting complaints, serum profile, management.This included 373 a median age 11 years (interquartile range [IQR]:...

Fall injuries among children during hospital stay is a major patient safety issue. Inpatient pediatric falls can lead to numerous negative consequences. In contrast adults, there paucity of information on the prevalence and risk factors associated with children's hospitalization.Identify fall hospital.ized describe demographic environmental that could predict higher severe outcomes fall.Descriptive, cross-sectional study.Specialized hospital.Data was obtained through electronic Safety...

The present study aimed to determine whether laypeople and professionals rate the facial appearance of individuals with repaired complete unilateral or bilateral cleft lip palate (UCLP, BCLP) similarly based on viewing full images.The followed a cross-sectional analytical design where five young patients aged 10 14 years, who had completed all stages their treatment (bilateral: three, unilateral: two), were evaluated by two groups. assessment was done 97 qualified (33 orthodontists, 32...

Background and Objectives Off-campus online learning methods abruptly increased gained popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous studies have highlighted limitations of mode; however, further on experiences medical students are needed. This study aimed to investigate preclinical faculty members' with education learning. Subjects Methods In this cross-sectional study, data were collected using convenience sampling. Two hundred nine 13 members who participated in courses offered spring...

Abstract The study aims to investigate signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among physicians in a tertiary health‐care center. It has estimated the level symptomatology, determined association with demographic data, identified related occupational risk factors. A cross‐sectional survey was used, genders, all age groups, nationalities from King Abdulaziz Medical City Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were recruited. Subjects who had rheumatic arthritis, osteoarthritis, trigeminal...

Insomnia is commonly reported in patients with asthma. However, the prevalence of insomnia and its relationship to asthma control have not been established.To determine adults evaluate association between level control.This a cross-sectional study 200 recruited from pulmonary clinics at tertiary care center. Adults (age ≥16 years) diagnosed by primary treating physician were over 6-month period December 2018 May 2019. Asthma severity assessed using Control Test Severity Index (ISI).The mean...

To assess the prevalence and characteristics of abnormal pap smear in central region Saudi Arabia.In this retrospective case control study conducted Departments Obstetrics Gynecology, Histopathology at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom Arabia, all smears screened for women between 2008 2011 were reviewed. Approximately 5000 are annually City utilizing Bethesda III System (2001). All patients' data collected compared to randomly selected 200 normal smears' patients.Abnormal was...