Acrylamide (ACR) is an amide formed as a byproduct in many heat-processed starchy-rich foods. In utero ACR exposure has been associated with restricted fetal growth, but its effects of postnatal functional development small intestine completely unknown. The current study investigated the time- and segment-dependent prenatal on morphological weaned rat offspring. Four groups pregnant female Wistar rats were exposed to (3 mg/kg b.w./day) for 0, 5, 10 15 days during pregnancy. Basal intestinal...

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine mechanical and geometric properties as well bone tissue density long bones in primiparous multiparous dams minks supplemented with β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) and/or 2-oxoketoglutarate (2-Ox) during gestation. Powdered 2-Ox given at daily dosage 0.4 g/kg b.w. separately or simultaneously HMB, which administered 0.02 demonstrates for first time that administration HMB markedly influences geometrical mother`s minks. Moreover, it demonstrated...

Summary The aim of the study was to evaluate effect diet, mother type and sex offspring on mechanical geometric parameters long bones as well bone tissue density in minks. Primiparous multiparous dams were supplemented with β‐hydroxy β‐methylbutyrate (a metabolite leucine, at daily dosage 0.02 g/kg body weight) and/or 2‐oxoglutaric acid precursor glutamine, 0.4 during gestation. diet did not influence length humerus. An increase femur noted male delivered by dams. resulted an weight humerus...

Introduction. Calretinin (CR) is a protein, which present in GABAergic neurons and belongs to the calcium-binding proteins family. It may reduce excitotoxicity phenomenon through its Ca 2+ buffering properties. This due increase of calcium ions levels caused by excess glutamate — main excitatory neurotransmitter. The aim study was investigate alterations calretinin-immunoreactivity hippocampal CA1 region dentate gyrus with hilus 10 day-old rats treated monosodium (MSG). Material methods. Ten...

Selection of livestock has not only led to changes in the level their performance but also modified behavior. As a result, within single species, we have deal with different behaviors breeds. In our study, assumed that species are due differences morphology and physiology behavior-related systems. Two breeds hens were used as model: highly reactive, fearful high-performance Leghorn breed proactive, unselected Green-legged Partridge breed. The higher reactivity fearfulness comparison may be...

Prenatal and postnatal supplementation with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) alpha-ketoglutaric acid (AKG) affects the development maturation of offspring. Both substances have potential to stimulate cell metabolism via different routes. However, parity may alter effects dietary supplementation. This study aimed evaluate effect gestational HMB and/or AKG primiparous multiparous minks on structure offspring’s small intestine. Primiparous American (Neovison vison), standard dark brown type,...

High concentration of glutamate (Glu) is excitotoxic for nervous system structures. This may lead to glial reactivity ie. increased expression fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100β protein, also hypertrophy proliferation cells which are determined by the presence Ki-67 antigen. The aim study was analyse immunoreactivity GFAP, proteins in astrocytes hippocampal CA1 region young rats after administration monosodium (MSG) at two doses: 2 g/kg b.w. (I group) 4 (II group). In from I II group...

The aim of the study was to investigate morphology, density and immunostaining intensity calbindin (CB)-positive neurons dentate gyrus (DG) in new-born (P0) 21-day-old (P21) male Acomys cahirinus mice from dams receiving β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) during pregnancy. Different substances administrated pregnant may affect calcium ion homeostasis which is crucial for proper brain development their offspring. DG with hilus (H) plays an important role memory learning processes. Calcium...

Habanero pepper fruits contain capsaicin (CAP) characterised by a spicy taste. Astrocytes express vanilloid receptor (TRPV1), which interacts with cannabinoids including CAP. Only few studies revealed that CAP leads to alterations of the arcuate nucleus (ARC) structures. The aim this study was analyse GFAP (GFAP-IR) and S100β (S100β-IR) immunoreactive astrocytes ARC in adult rats after intragastric administration habanero fruits. Adult, Wistar received peanut oil - control group (C)...

The aim of the study was immunohistochemical evaluation calretinin (CR) expression in hippocam-pus neonatal (P0) and 21-day-old (P21) male mice from dams that received 0.2 g/kg b.w./day β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate between 26th 39th day pregnancy. peroxidase-antiperoxidase reaction conducted on brain slices offspring control (C) experimental (HMB) groups, using specific antibody against CR. CR-immunopositive neurons hippocampal CA1 region dentate gyrus with hilus were qualitatively...

Acrylamide is formed at high temperature during preparation of food rich in carbohydrates. It can be found animal feed based on potatoes and granulated wheat subjected to thermal treatment. was demonstrated that acrylamide has a neurotoxic effect newborn animals both the central peripheral nervous system after prenatal exposure this substance. The aim study investigate immunoreactivity glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) S100b hippocampal astrocytes weaning rats oral administration...

Background Monosodium glutamate (MSG) in its anionic form, glutamate, is one of the main excitatory amino acids. Excess this neurotransmitter may lead to excitotoxicity affecting neurons and astrocytes responsible for metabolism different brain areas animals. The aim study was investigate immunoreactivity glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) S100β caudate nucleus rats under condition elevated levels. Methods: Fifteen were divided into a control group receiving saline MSG2 MSG4 groups 2...

This study set out to investigate, for the first time, distribution and colocalization pattern of cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) one calcium binding--proteins: parvalbumin (PV) in chinchilla's hippocampus proper (HP).HP, consisting Ammon's horn (CA) dentate gyrus (DG), is an important component limbic system, involved learning memory processes.CA showed a higher immunoreactivity CART (-IR) compared DG. CART-IR neurons were mainly observed molecular layer DG pyramidal...

Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate S100β protein in astrocytes CA1 and CA3 areas hippocampus proper dentate gyrus with hilus yet undefined mature males chinchilla. presence determined using indirect immunohistochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase method specific monoclonal antibody against this protein. Most S100β-positive cells were detected subgranular zone middle part hilus. In area, it found that most numerous are stratum radiatum. there single expressing This data...

Abstract Ten adult male chinchillas were used. The localisation of calbindin D28k (CB) was examined with the use two types reactions: immunocytochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase and immunofluorescence staining a specific monoclonal antibody against CB. Immunocytochemical examination demonstrated presence CB-positive neurons in following layers all parts parahippocampal gyrus (PG): marginal, external cellular, middle internal i.e. entorhinal area, parasubiculum, presubiculum....

The aim of this study was to investigate changes calretinin immunoreactivity in neurons and neuropil the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) after subcutaneous administration monosodium glutamate (MSG) adult rats. Studies were conducted on 60-day-old male animals divided into a control group (C) two other groups receiving MSG at dose 2g/kg b.w. (I) 4g/kg (II) subcutaneously for 3 consecutive days. Immunohistochemical peroxydese-antiperoxydase reaction with use specific anti-calretinin (CR) antibody...

In mammals, oocytes, fertilized eggs and pre-implantation embryos are surrounded by an acellular zona pellucida (zona – ZP). This structure has a fibro-spongy character but it undergoes constant modifications throughout its existence depending on many internal external factors. ZP consists of glycoproteins marked as ZP1, ZP2, ZP3 ZP4, the presence which is species different. ZP1 probably ZP4 molecules stabilize fibrillary skeleton formed ZP2 protein polymers ligands for specific spermatozoid...

Astrocytes react to microenvironmental changes. Their reactivity is manifested by an increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100b levels, hypertrophy hyperplasia. The aim of the study was analyse immunoreactive GFAP (GFAP-IR) (S100b-IR) astrocytes hippocampal CA1 area adult rats intragastrically (i.g.) treated with habanero peppers.