Wearable potentiometric ion sensors (WPISs) have become an exciting analytical platform that combines chemical, material and electronic efforts to supply physiological information during certain human activities. The real possibility of wearing device with diverse configurations—sweatband, patches, garments—without disturbing the welfare carrier has enabled both as health quality sport performance controllers. Recent studies show a large involvement WPISs in following critical biomarkers...

A textile-based wearable multi-ion potentiometric sensor array is described. The printed flexible sensors operate favorably under extreme mechanical strains (that reflect daily activity) while offering attractive real-time noninvasive monitoring of electrolytes such as sodium and potassium.

We present an epidermal patch for glucose analysis in sweat incorporating the first time pH and temperature correction according to local dynamic fluctuations during on-body tests. This sort of is indeed main novelty paper, being crucial toward reliable measurements every sensor based on enzymatic element whose activity strongly depends temperature. The results herein reported corrected detection are supported by a two-step validation protocol: with biosensor operating off- on-bodily,...

A new approach to develop ultra low-cost, robust, rugged, and disposable potentiometric sensors is presented. suspension of carbon nanotubes in a water-surfactant mixture (carbon ink) applied on conventional filter papers turn them into conductive papers, which are then used as substrate build ion-selective electrodes. The electrodes made by drop casting membrane small circular area the paper. In this way, act both electric conductors ion-to-electron transducers signal. Electrodes for...

A simple and generalized approach to build electrochemical sensors for wearable devices is presented. Commercial cotton yarns are first turned into electrical conductors through a dyeing process using carbon nanotube ink. These conductive then partially coated with suitable polymeric membrane ion-selective electrodes. Potentiometric measurements these yarn-potentiometric demonstrated. Examples of that can sense pH, K+ NH4+ In all cases, sensing show limits detection linear ranges similar...

A new analytical all-solid-state platform for intradermal potentiometric detection of potassium in interstitial fluid is presented here. Solid microneedles are modified with different coatings and polymeric membranes to prepare both the potassium-selective electrode reference needed readout. These microneedle-based electrodes fixed an epidermal patch suitable insertion into skin. The performances observed cell (Nernstian slope, limit 10–4.9 activity, linear range 10–4.2 10–1.1, drift 0.35 ±...

Herein, the reproducibility and a double validation of on-body measurements provided by new wearable potentiometric ion sensors (WPISs) is presented. Sweat collected during sport practice was first analyzed using developed device, pH-meter, chromatography (IC) prior to (off-site validation). Subsequently, accuracy accomplished WPISs evaluated comparison with pH-meter readings IC after collecting sweat (every 10-12.5 min) practice. The device contains for pH, Cl-, K+, Na+ that are embedded in...

Abstract The use of commercial carbon fibres (CCF) to build wearable potentiometric sensors for the real‐time monitoring sodium levels in sweat during exercise is presented. CCF are an attractive substrate building electrochemical because their good electrical conductivity, chemical inertness, flexibility and mechanical resilience. In first part this work, analytical performance these novel ion‐selective electrodes made with CCFs Then, through incorporation a solid‐contact reference...

Abstract The wearable revolution is already present in society through numerous gadgets. However, the contest remains fully deployable (bio)chemical sensing. Its use constrained by energy consumption which provided miniaturized batteries, limiting autonomy of device. Hence, combination materials and engineering efforts to develop sustainable management paramount next generation self‐powered electrochemical devices (WeSPEDs). In this direction, review highlights for first time incorporation...

The fabrication and performance of a wearable paper-based chemiresistor for monitoring perspiration dynamics (sweat rate sweat loss) are detailed. A novel approach is introduced to measure the amount aqueous solution in order microliters delivered sensor by linear change resistance along conducting paper. based on single-walled carbon nanotubes surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) nanocomposite integrated within cellulose fibers conventional filter analytical sensing mechanism...

Wearable devices based on microneedle (MN) technology have recently emerged as tools for in situ transdermal sensing or delivery interstitial fluid (ISF). Particularly, MN-based electrochemical sensors allow the continuous monitoring of analytes a minimally invasive manner through ISF. Exogenous small molecules found ISF such therapeutic drugs are ideal candidates MN due to their correlation with blood levels and relevance optimal management personalized therapies. Herein, hollow array patch...

A fully integrated hollow microneedle array based iontophoretic system has been designed for on-demand drug delivery of model drugs and tested in vitro ex vivo porcine skin.

A novel low-cost, compact and sensitive paper-based platform for the accurate monitoring of glucose in biological fluids is presented. Paper-based working reference electrodes are combined to build a whole potentiometric cell, which also fits sampling module simple fast determination single drop blood. The electrode built using platinized filter paper coated with Nafion membrane that entraps enzyme oxidase; made by casting polyvinylbutyral-based onto conductive paper. system works detecting...

We present the most complete study to date comprising in vitro cytotoxicity tests of ion-selective membranes (ISMs) terms cell viability, proliferation, and adhesion assays with human dermal fibroblasts. ISMs were prepared different types plasticizers ionophores be tested combination that focus on medium-term long-term leaching compounds. Furthermore, configurations considering (i) inner-filling solution-type electrodes, (ii) all-solid-state electrodes based a conventional drop-cast...

Herein, a straightforward electrochemical approach for the determination of ketamine in street samples and seizures is presented by employing screen-printed electrodes (SPE). Square wave voltammetry (SWV) used to study behavior illicit drug, thus profiling different oxidation states substance at pHs. Besides, pathway on SPE investigated first time with liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry. Under optimized conditions, calibration curve buffer solution (pH 12) exhibits...