A5002012111- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Railway Engineering and Dynamics
- Plant and animal studies
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Transportation Safety and Impact Analysis
- Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Asphalt Pavement Performance Evaluation
- Environmental Education and Sustainability
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Policy Transfer and Learning
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Mechanical stress and fatigue analysis
- Transport and Economic Policies
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety
- Diverse academic and cultural studies
- Public Policy and Administration Research
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research
University of Exeter
2016-2024
Singer (United States)
2023
Cardiff University
2019
Human societies are structured by what we refer to as ‘institutions’, which socially created and culturally inherited proscriptions on behaviour that define roles set expectations about social interactions. The study of institutions in several science fields has provided many important insights have not been fully appreciated the evolutionary human sciences. However, such research often lacked a shared understanding general processes change shape institutional diversity across space time. We...
Although the evolutionary mechanisms that favor investment in cooperative behaviors have long been a focus of research, comparatively few studies considered role sexual selection may play. For example, explanations for sentinel behavior (where 1 individual assumes an elevated position and scans surroundings while other group members forage nearby) traditionally focused on inclusive fitness benefits arising from its effects predation risk, potential defense against intrasexual competitors...
Policymakers are focused on reducing the public health burden of obesity. The UK average percentage adults classified as obese is 26%, which double that global average. Over a third report using at least one weight management aid. Yet, many people still struggle to change their diet-related behaviour, despite having awareness, intention and capability do so. This 'intention-behaviour gap' may be because most existing dietary-choice interventions focus individual decision-making, ignoring...
Abstract In many vertebrate societies dominant individuals breed at substantially higher rates than subordinates, but whether this hastens ageing remains poorly understood. While frequent reproduction may trade off against somatic maintenance, the extraordinary fecundity and longevity of some social insect queens highlight that breeders need not always suffer more rapid deterioration their nonbreeding subordinates. Here, we used extensive longitudinal assessments telomere dynamics to...
Explaining the evolution of sex differences in cooperation remains a major challenge. Comparative studies highlight that offspring more philopatric tend to be cooperative within their family groups than those dispersive but we do not understand why. The leading "Philopatry hypothesis" proposes cooperates because higher likelihood natal breeding increases direct fitness benefits cooperation. However, "Dispersal trade-off less preparations for dispersal, such as extra-territorial prospecting,...
Access to reliable and timely information ensures that decision-makers can operate effectively. The motivations challenges of parliamentarians policy-makers in accessing evidence have been well documented the policy literature. However, there has little focus on research-providers. Understanding both demand- supply-side research engagement is imperative enhancing impactful interactions. Here, we examine broader experiences, UK-based professionals engaging with research-users relevant...
Abstract For Community‐based Conservation (CBC) projects to be effective in the long‐term, they need receive support of communities involved. Assessing whether CBC governance systems are working effectively is challenging, and it important evaluate both characteristics these systems, perceptions community members. It also understand how factors other than features individual organizations may affect feelings satisfaction. Using existing data collected by a local NGO northern Kenya from 2014...
Abstract Cooperative management of shared natural resources is one the most urgent challenges world facing today. While there have been advances in understanding institutional design features that enable sustainable management, are few field studies provide theory-based insights into social psychological predictors willingness to cooperate around resources. Here, we address this issue context land pastoralist community conservancies Kenya. In a large survey individuals from different...
Abstract Explaining the evolution of sex differences in cooperation remains a major challenge. Comparative studies highlight that offspring more philopatric tend to be cooperative within their family groups than those dispersive but we do not understand why. The leading ‘Philopatry hypothesis’ proposes cooperates because higher likelihood natal breeding increases direct fitness benefits cooperation. However, ‘Dispersal trade-off less preparations for dispersal, such as extra-territorial...
ABSTRACT In many cooperatively breeding species non-breeding individuals help to rear the offspring of breeders. The physiological mechanisms that regulate such cooperative helping behavior are poorly understood, but may have been co-opted, during evolution breeding, from pre-existing regulated parental care. Key among these be a role for prolactin. Here we investigate whether natural variation in circulating prolactin levels predicts both and helper contributions nestling provisioning...