To promote optimal health and well-being, adults aged 18-60 years are recommended to sleep at least 7 hours each night (1). Sleeping <7 per is associated with increased risk for obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, stroke, frequent mental distress, all-cause mortality (2-4). Insufficient impairs cognitive performance, which can increase the likelihood of motor vehicle other transportation accidents, industrial medical errors, loss work productivity that could...

Although the overall life expectancy at birth has increased for both blacks and whites gap between these populations narrowed, disparities in leading causes of death compared with United States remain substantial. Understanding how factors that influence vary across span might enhance targeting appropriate interventions.Trends during 1999-2015 mortality rates were examined by black white race age group. Multiple 2014 2015 national data sources analyzed to compare selected groups...

Persons living in rural areas are recognized as a health disparity population because the prevalence of disease and rate premature death higher than for overall United States. Surveillance data about health-related behaviors rarely reported by urban-rural status, which makes comparisons difficult among persons metropolitan nonmetropolitan counties.2013.The Behavioral Risk Factor System (BRFSS) is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit-dialed landline- cellular-telephone survey...

Parks provide ideal open spaces for leisure-time physical activity and important venues to promote activity. The spatial configuration of parks, the number parks their distribution across neighborhood areas or local regions, represents basic park access potential residential populations. A new measure population-weighted distance (PWD) combines advantages current approaches incorporates information processing theory probability surface model more accurately quantify population's parks. PWD...

A variety of small-area statistical models have been developed for health surveys, but none are sufficiently flexible to generate estimates (SAEs) meet data needs at different geographic levels. We a multilevel logistic model with both state- and nested county-level random effects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using 2011 from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. applied poststratification (decennial) US Census 2010 counts census-block population census-block-level...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accounts for the majority of deaths from chronic lower respiratory diseases, third leading cause death in United States 2015 and fourth 2016.* Major risk factors include tobacco exposure, occupational environmental exposures, infections, genetics.† State variations COPD outcomes (1) suggest that it might be more common states with large rural areas. To assess urban-rural prevalence, hospitalizations, mortality; obtain county-level estimates;...

Depression is a major contributor to mortality, morbidity, disability, and economic costs in the United States (1). Examining geographic distribution of depression at state county levels can help guide state- local-level efforts prevent, treat, manage depression. CDC analyzed 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data estimate national, state-level, county-level prevalence U.S. adults aged ≥18 years self-reporting lifetime diagnosis (referred as depression). During 2020,...

Importance Alcohol consumption is a leading preventable cause of death in the US, and rates from fully alcohol-attributable causes (eg, alcoholic liver disease) have increased past decade, including among adults aged 20 to 64 years. However, comprehensive assessment deaths this population, partially causes, lacking. Objective To estimate mean annual number excessive alcohol use relative total years overall; by sex, age group, state; as proportion deaths. Design, Setting, Participants This...

Small area estimation is a statistical technique used to produce reliable estimates for smaller geographic areas than those which the original surveys were designed. Such small (SAEs) often lack rigorous external validation. In this study, we validated our multilevel regression and poststratification SAEs from 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data using direct Missouri County-Level Study American Community Survey at both state county levels. Coefficients correlation between...

Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer's), an ultimately fatal form of dementia, is the sixth leading cause death in United States, accounting for 3.6% all deaths 2014 (1,2). can be indicator paid and unpaid caregiver burden because nearly everyone final stages needs constant care, regardless setting, as result functional cognitive declines (2). To examine with underlying cause, state-level county-level certificate data from National Vital Statistics System period 1999-2014 were analyzed. A total...

Five key health-related behaviors for chronic disease prevention are never smoking, getting regular physical activity, consuming no alcohol or only moderate amounts, maintaining a normal body weight, and obtaining daily sufficient sleep. The objective of this study was to estimate the clustering these 5 among adults aged 21 years older in each state District Columbia assess geographic variation clustering.We used data from 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 395,343 BRFSS...

Increases in population and life expectancy of Americans may result shortages endocrinologists by 2020. This study aims to assess variations geographic accessibility the US, age group at state county levels, urban/rural status, distance. We used 2012 National Provider Identifier Registry obtain office locations all adult pediatric US. The with access an endocrinologist within a series 6 distance radii, centered on practice locations, was estimated using US Census 2010 block-level population....

The objective of the study was to estimate prevalence periodontitis at state and local levels across United States by using a novel, small area estimation (SAE) method. Extended multilevel regression poststratification analyses were used among adults aged 30 79 y state, county, congressional district, census tract periodontal data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2012, population counts 2010 US census, smoking status estimates Behavioral Risk Factor...

Risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated illness (illness requiring hospitalization, intensive care unit [ICU] admission, mechanical ventilation, or resulting in death) increases with increasing age as well presence of underlying medical conditions that have shown strong and consistent evidence, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular diabetes, kidney obesity (1-4).Identifying describing the prevalence these at local level can help guide...

Excessive alcohol use* is associated with disease, injury, and poor pregnancy outcomes responsible for approximately 95,000 deaths in the United States each year (1). Binge drinking (five or more drinks on at least one occasion men four women) most common costly pattern of excessive use (2). CDC analyzed data from 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to estimate past 30-day binge prevalence, frequency, intensity (number per occasion), overall by select characteristics...

Preventing Chronic Disease (PCD) is a peer-reviewed electronic journal established by the National Center for Prevention and Health Promotion. PCD provides an open exchange of information knowledge among researchers, practitioners, policy makers, others who strive to improve health public through chronic disease prevention.

We estimated the prevalence of short sleep duration (<7 hours per day) among US adults aged 18 years or older by using 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. Nationally, 33.2% reported duration. identified disparities across sociodemographic characteristics, including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status, education, income, urbanicity. Counties with highest model-based estimates clustered in Southeast along Appalachian Mountains. These findings subgroups geographic...

Geographic clusters in prevalence and hospitalizations for COPD have been identified at national, state, county levels. The study objective is to identify county-level geographic accessibility pulmonologists adults with COPD.

In 2017, approximately one in three U.S. adults reported having been told by a health care professional that they had high blood pressure (hypertension) (1). Although hypertension prevalence is well documented at national and state levels, less known about rural-urban variation county-level prevalence. To examine of self-reported antihypertensive medication use classification county, CDC analyzed data 442,641 aged ≥18 years who participated the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System...

State-level monitoring of changes in tobacco product use can help inform control policy and practice. This study examined state-specific prevalence cigarette, smokeless tobacco, e-cigarette among US adults.Data came from the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a state-based telephone survey adults aged 18 years or older (N = 477,665). Prevalence estimates for current (every day some days) cigarette smoking, use, were calculated all 50 states District Columbia (DC)...

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke (1). The prevalence of hypertension higher among men than women, increases with age, highest non-Hispanic blacks (blacks) (2), has been consistently in the Southeastern region United States To update estimates self-reported use antihypertensive medication, CDC analyzed data from 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). overall (unadjusted) was 32.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] =...