The draping behaviour of fabric treated as an orthotropic shell membrane is predicted by using a geometric non-linear finite-element method, and the results are compared with actual behaviour. A drape tester employing photovoltaic cells was designed constructed to determine coefficient specimens 10-in. diameter. warp- weft-direction tensile moduli these samples were determined Kawahata Tensile Shear Tester, literature values Poisson's ratio obtained. With this approach, excellent agreement...

Recently, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) has been utilized in highway bridge connections, where its superior strength and durability help to reduce joint cracking enhance transverse load transfer. According the resistance factor design (LRFD) procedure specified by AASHTO, of connections is dependent on adhesion friction between connected materials. The objective present research identify value UHPC high-strength (HSC) with varying degrees roughness. To this end, UHPC-HSC specimens...

Recent research on ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) for connection elements in highway bridges indicates an improvement the performance of overall bridge superstructure. However, there is limited information effect material and bond strength UHPC load transfer mechanism between adjacent box girders. A three-dimensional finite-element (FE) model was developed to study interface high-strength (HSC) connections. The UHPC-HSC modeled using traction-separation, damage initiation criteria,...

Warm mix asphalt (WMA) has received considerable attention in the past few years to reduce energy consumption and pollutant emissions during hot (HMA) production placement. However, many concerns questions are still unanswered regarding field performance environmental benefits of WMA. In this study, WMA mixtures containing reclaimed pavement (RAP) were evaluated a project Ohio. The included using Aspha-min, Sasobit, Evotherm three test sections. Furthermore, control section was also produced...

For decades, synthetic fibers have been utilized to improve the performance of concrete structures by enhancing flexural strength, modulus elasticity, and other mechanical properties concrete. However, there are uncertainties about how affect coefficient thermal expansion (CTE), dynamic strength under freeze-thaw cycles. This study was an investigation effect temperature change on fiber-reinforced concrete, including CTE, strength. Two types fiber, polypropylene (PP) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)...

Warm mix asphalt (WMA) has been gaining attention in the past few years because it offers several advantages over traditional hot (HMA) during production and placement. The include: (1) reduced energy consumption; (2) emissions; (3) binder aging; (4) extended construction season temperate climates. Moisture damage a compacted HMA/WMA mixture can be defined as separation of from surface aggregate presence water. In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to investigate effects...

Precast adjacent box girder bridges have become a preferred solution in several states due to their simple structure, economy, and ease of construction. However, longitudinal cracks often appear along the shear keys between girders. With its superior strength durability, ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) has been used as an alternative grout material reduce key cracking enhance load transfer. The objective present research was evaluate performance UHPC using direct shear, tension,...

Adjacent box-girder bridges are a popular choice for short- to intermediate-span in several states because they easy, quick build, and cost-effective. Although longitudinal shear keys filled with grout between the girders transverse posttensioning (TPT) ties ensure monolithic behavior bridge, durability of still concerns researchers engineers. Ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) has been adopted as new material connections bridge components. However, there is not yet any guidance or...

Ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC), with its enhanced strength and durability, has been proposed as the joint material in adjacent box-beam bridges to address issue of longitudinal cracking. Recently, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) performed laboratory testing two box beams connected by a UHPC shear key containing transverse reinforcement bars (SRBs), results suggest that an improvement overall performance may be achieved using new design. However, there is no information about...

Most thermoplastic pipes exhibit peaking behavior during the initial backfilling process. It is shown with actual field data that deflections can be beneficial for minimizing long-term of pipe. An approach similar to one proposed by Spangler used derive a formula estimating pipe due forces generated backfilling. The tested in light number installation cases. results show predicts both polyvinyl chloride and high density polyethylene accurately under variety backfilled conditions.

Millions of culverts exist in the United States, and they are aging rapidly. Inspection all consumes a lot time resources. Instead inspecting each culvert every 5 years, this study presents more intelligent approach to predict condition culvert. An artificial neural network (ANN) model is built assess based on inventory data. The overall condition-rating predictions compared with rating manual inspection. results have shown that ANN was able adjusted high precision, as course action score...

Adjacent box girders are widely used in short to intermediate span bridges several states because they make quick and easy build. However, the strength serviceability of this type bridge can frequently be compromised by reductions efficiency load transfer shear resistance due joint degradation at keys. Because its superior mechanical properties improved durability, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) has been proposed as an alternative grout material eliminate key degradation. In project,...

Adjacent box-girder bridges are commonly built in United States because of their fast, easy, and economical construction. They have shown good performance service life except for frequent longitudinal cracking the shear keys. Past research attributed development cracks keys primarily to temperature fluctuations. However, it is not obvious how fluctuations cause crack. An adjacent bridge with partial depth transverse tie bars was instrumented at time construction subsequently monitored study...

Abstract Synthetic fibers have recently been used in a concrete mix an attempt to produce new pipe system that is cheaper, lighter, and more flexible than conventional steel reinforced pipes. However, no structural design codes introduced for synthetic fiber pipes evaluation. There little the literature regarding applications This study focuses on evaluation of terms ASTM requirements strength, stiffness, ductility. The performance was evaluated using three-edge bearing test accordance with...

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Between 2001 and 2002, a 6.4-m(21.0-ft) diameter corrugated steel pipe culvert was erected buried under 22.9-m(75.0-ft) highway embankment fill in Meigs County, Ohio. This the first of its kind to be constructed southeastern region The structure selected by Ohio Department Transportation over an alternative 5 million conventional bridge structure, because it would cost about $3.4 less. field performance monitored measuring pressure distribution around pipe, as well deflections during after...

ABSTRACT Traditionally, Hot-Mix-Asphalt (HMA) materials in mechanistic analyses for flexible pavements have been treated as pure elastic solids. The research presented herein consists of developing a three-dimensional linear viscoelastic finite element model to simulate the behavior perpetual pavement structure subjected traffic loading at different temperatures and vehicular speeds. developed relatively accurately predicted not only stress strain responses but also deflection response...

Across the United States, a large number of corrugated steel pipes, installed three or four decades ago, are approaching end their useful service life. In many cases, these aging drainage structures having significant degrees metal loss over inverts due to conveyance abrasive surface water, which can be acidic in some regions. A culvert under Coopermill Road near Zanesville Muskingum County, Ohio, was selected for replacement based on its advanced level invert loss. Before replacement,...

Adjacent box-girder bridges have become a popular choice as they can be constructed quickly, easily, and economically. In spite of their good performance during many years service, one major problem has been recurrent longitudinal cracking the grout material in shear key. A combination keys transverse posttensioning (TPT) ties such kind is typically used to connect bridge girders together so that would behave single integrated unit. However, information regarding contribution TPT tie bars on...

A stress hybrid finite element procedure is developed for nonlinear, elastic and elastic‐plastic, analysis of soil‐structure interaction including simulation construction sequences. The compared with a number closed‐form solutions field problems, provides satisfactory improved evaluation stresses deformations as to the displacement procedure.

Soil arching associated with buried thermoplastic pipe is discussed. First, the soil phenomenon described. Then two different approaches are mentioned from literature to represent degree of (or vertical factor). The elastic solutions Burns and Richard revisited derive expressions for factor pipe. Comparison field pressure cell readings reveals importance incorporating a bending stiffness parameter. With this finding, AASHTO method calculating load on evaluated against solutions. analysis...