A5035028797- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Light effects on plants
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Forest ecology and management
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Plant and animal studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
Czech Academy of Sciences, Global Change Research Institute
2016-2025
Centre for Research on Ecology and Forestry Applications
2024
Instituto de Investigación en Cambio Global
2022-2023
United States Global Change Research Program
2023
Czech Academy of Sciences
2005-2019
Institute of Soil Biology
2009
University of Ostrava
2003
Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
1999
Root exudates comprise a large variety of compounds released by plants into the rhizosphere, including low-molecular-weight primary metabolites (particularly saccharides, amino acids and organic acids) secondary (phenolics, flavonoids terpenoids). Changes in exudate composition could have impacts on plant itself, other plants, soil properties (e.g. amount matter), organisms. The effects drought root exudates, however, been rarely studied. We used an ecometabolomics approach to identify...
Shoots and roots are autotrophic heterotrophic organs of plants with different physiological functions. Do they have metabolomes? their metabolisms respond differently to environmental changes such as drought? We used metabolomics elemental analyses answer these questions. First, we show that shoots metabolomes nutrient stoichiometries. Second, the shoot metabolome is much more variable among species seasons than root metabolome. Third, metabolic response drought contrasts roots; decrease...
The sunlight received by plants is affected cloudiness and pollution. Future changes in cloud cover will differ among regions, while aerosol concentrations are expected to continue increasing globally as a result of wildfires, fossil fuel combustion, industrial Clouds aerosols increase the diffuse fraction modify spectral composition incident solar radiation, both affect photosynthesis terrestrial ecosystem productivity. Thus, an assessment how canopy leaf-level processes respond these...
Abstract Cloud cover increases the proportion of diffuse radiation reaching Earth's surface and affects many microclimatic factors such as temperature, vapour pressure deficit precipitation. We compared relative efficiencies canopy photosynthesis to direct photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) for a Norway spruce forest (25‐year‐old, leaf area index 11 m 2 −2 ) during two successive 7‐day periods in August. The comparison was based on response net ecosystem exchange (NEE) CO PPFD. NEE...
Summary 1. Cloud cover affects carbon exchange between biota and the atmosphere. Recent studies have demonstrated that an increase in diffuse radiation fraction enhances photosynthetic efficiency of canopies. Although exact mechanism behind this effect is not clear, a more even distribution light among leaves across vertical profile canopy considered to be most important cause difference. 2. To test hypothesis, net ecosystem production (NEP) Norway spruce forest (30‐year‐old) was measured...
Abstract Boreal forests comprise 73% of the world’s coniferous forests. Based on forest floor measurements, they have been considered a significant natural sink methane (CH 4 ) and source nitrous oxide (N 2 O), both which are important greenhouse gases. However, role trees, especially conifers, in ecosystem N O CH exchange is only poorly understood. We show for first time that mature Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) trees consistently emit from stems shoots. The shoot fluxes exceeded stem...
Plants in natural environments are increasingly being subjected to a combination of abiotic stresses, such as drought and warming, many regions. The effects each stress the stresses on functioning shoots roots have been studied extensively, but little is known about simultaneous metabolome responses different organs plant acting at once. We shift metabolism elemental composition two perennial grasses, Holcus lanatus Alopecurus pratensis, response warming. These species responded differently...
Tropospheric concentrations of phytotoxic ozone (O3) have undergone a great increase from preindustrial 10–15 ppbv to present-day concentration 35–40 in large parts the industrialised world due increased emissions O3 precursors including NOx, CO, CH4 and volatile organic compounds. The rate ranges between 1 per decade remote locations Southern hemisphere 5 Northern hemisphere, where largest sources are located. Molecules penetrating into leaves through stomatal apertures trigger formation...
The efficiency of water use in plants, a critical ecophysiological parameter closely related to and carbon cycles, is essential for understanding the interactions between plants their environment. This study investigates effects ongoing climate change increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration on intrinsic (stomata-based; iWUE) evaporative (transpiration-based; eWUE) oak trees along naturally small altitudinal gradient (130–630 m a.s.l.) Vihorlat Mountains (eastern Slovakia, Central Europe)....
The dynamics of the terrestrial ecosystems depend on interactions between a number biogeochemical cycles (i.e. carbon, nutrient, and hydrological cycles) that may be modified by human actions. Conversely, are important components these create sources sinks greenhouse gases (e.g. carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide). Especially, is exchanged naturally among atmosphere through photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, combustion processes. Continuous increase atmospheric dioxide (CO2)...
Summary At the molecular level, folivory activity on plants has mainly been related to foliar concentrations of nitrogen (N) and/or particular metabolites. We studied responses different nutrients and whole metabolome Q uercus ilex seasonal changes moderate field experimental conditions drought, how this drought may affect activity, using stoichiometric metabolomic techniques. Foliar potassium ( K ) increased in summer consequently led higher : phosphorus P lower carbon C N ratios. ratios...
Light quality modulates plant growth, development, physiology, and metabolism through a series of photoreceptors perceiving light signal related signaling pathways. Although the partial mechanisms responses to are well understood, how plants orchestrate these impacts on levels above- below-ground tissues molecular, physiological, morphological processes remains unclear. However, re-allocation resources can substantially adjust tolerance stress conditions such as reduced water availability....
Abstract It is assumed that the stimulatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) on photosynthesis and growth may be substantially reduced by co-occurring environmental factors length treatment. Here, we present study exploring interactive three manipulated ([CO2], nitrogen supply water availability) physiological (gas-exchange chlorophyll fluorescence), morphological stoichiometric traits Norway spruce (Picea abies) saplings after 2 3 years treatment under natural field conditions....
Tree-ring stable isotopes (TRSI) have the unique ability to capture inter-annual multi-millennial climate trends and extremes if appropriate data methods are combined. However, there is still an ongoing debate about age-related biases in TRSI measurements that potentially affect fidelity of their chronologies subsequent reconstructions. Here, we investigate carbon oxygen cellulose (δ13Ccell δ18Ocell) hydrogen ratios lignin methoxy groups (δ13Cmeth δ2Hmeth) more than 60 living relict pine...
This study examined the effect of interactions key factors associated with predicted climate change (increased temperature, and drought) elevated CO2 concentration on C3 C4 crop representatives, barley sorghum. The two levels atmospheric (400 800 ppm), three temperature regime (21/7, 26/12 33/19°C) regimes water availability (simulation drought by gradual reduction irrigation well-watered control) in all combinations was investigated a pot experiment within growth chambers for variety Bojos...