Current access infrastructures are characterized by heterogeneity, low latency, high throughput, and computational capability, enabling massive concurrent connections various services. Unfortunately, this design does not pay significant attention to mobile services in underserved areas. In context, the use of aerial radio networks (ARANs) is a promising strategy complement existing terrestrial communication systems. Involving airborne components such as unmanned vehicles, drones, satellites,...

In this paper, we present the performance of fixed decode-and-forward cooperative networks with relay selection over independent but not identically distributed Nakagamim fading channels, integer values severity parameter m. Specifically, closed-form expressions for symbol error probability and outage are derived using statistical characteristic signal-to-noise ratio. We also perform Monte-Carlo simulations to verify analytical results.

In this correspondence, the outage probability (OP) of dual-hop cognitive amplify-and-forward (AF) relay networks subject to independent non-identically distributed (i.n.i.d.) Nakagami- <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</i> fading is examined. We assume a spectrum-sharing environment, where two different strategies are proposed determine transmit powers secondary network. Specifically, power conditions network governed by either...

In this paper, we study opportunistic relay selection in cooperative networks with secrecy constraints, where a number of eavesdropper nodes may overhear the source message. To deal problem, consider three schemes. The first scheme tries to reduce overheard information at eavesdroppers by choosing having lowest instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) them. second is conventional relaying that seeks highest SNR destination. third scheme, between and maximum among corresponding SNRs...

This paper investigates several important performance metrics of cognitive amplify-and-forward (AF) relay networks with a best selection strategy and subject to non-identical Rayleigh fading. In particular, assuming spectrum sharing environment consists one secondary user (SU) source, K SU relays, destination, primary (PU) receiver, closed-form expressions for the outage probability (OP), average symbol error (SEP), ergodic capacity network are derived. The correctness proposed analysis is...

We examine the impact of multiple primary transmitters and receivers (PU-TxRx) on outage performance cognitive decode-and-forward relay networks. In such a joint relaying/spectrum-sharing arrangement, we address fundamental questions concerning three key power constraints: 1) maximum transmit at secondary transmitter (SU-Tx), 2) peak interference (PU-Rx), 3) SU-Rx caused by (PU-Tx). Our answers to these are given in new analytical expressions for exact asymptotic probability network. Based...

In this paper, we investigate the end-to-end performance of dual-hop proactive decode-and-forward relaying networks with Nth best relay selection in presence two practical deleterious effects: i) hardware impairment and ii) co-channel interference. particular, derive new exact asymptotic closed-form expressions for outage probability average channel capacity partial opportunistic schemes over Rayleigh fading channels. Insightful discussions are provided. It is shown that, when system cannot...

The exact closed-form expression for the outage probability (OP) of cognitive radio dual-hop amplify-and-forward (AF) relay networks is derived. tractable OP, given in form elementary functions, readily enables evaluating effect primary users on secondary system performance. It has been shown that use AF relaying significantly improves performance compared to its direct transmission counterpart.

This paper proposes and analyzes cognitive multihop decode-and-forward networks in the presence of interference due to channel estimation errors. To reduce on primary network, a simple yet effective back-off control power method is applied for secondary networks. For given threshold probability at we derive maximum coefficient, which provides best performance Moreover, it shown that number hops network upper-bounded under fixed settings network. networks, new exact asymptotic expressions...

This paper studies the performance of multi-hop cognitive wireless powered device-to-device (D2D) communications in sensor networks (WSNs). In our analysis, each node harvests energy from multiple dedicated power beacons and shares spectrum resources with primary receivers (PRs) using underlay radio. Additionally, we consider a practical scenario D2D WSNs, where knowledge interference channels is assumed to be imperfect. To improve network performance, propose two user scheduling schemes,...

In this study, the authors evaluate secrecy performance of cooperative protocols with relay selection methods under impact co-channel interference. particular, propose an optimal scheme to maximise capacity obtained at phase. addition, also consider suboptimal and random schemes which reduce complexity implementation, when compared one. For evaluation, derive exact asymptotic closed-form expressions outage probability non-zero for considered over Rayleigh fading channels. Monte Carlo...

In this paper, we analyze the downlink outage performance of opportunistic scheduling in dual-hop cooperative networks consisting one source, multiple radio-frequency energy harvesting relays, and destinations. To end, two low-complexity, suboptimal, yet efficient, relay-destination selection schemes are proposed, namely direct links plus channel state information (CSI)-based (DOS) scheme partial CSI-based (DPS) scheme. Considering three relaying strategies, i.e., decode-and-forward (DF),...

In this paper, we propose short-packet communications (SPCs) with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) for coordinated and direct relay transmission (CDRT) Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks to enhance spectrum utilization system performance. system, a source transmits its packets near IoT user via far selective relaying under practical conditions of imperfect successive interference cancellation cochannel interference. We derive the closed-form asymptotic expressions average...

The reported study illustrates a methodology for compiling training datasets to fine-tune Large Language Models (LLMs) healthcare information in Vietnamese, low-resource language. objective is bridge the gap medical accessibility and enhance communication developing countries by adapting LLMs specific linguistic nuances domain needs. involves selecting base model, domain-specific dataset, fine-tuning model with this dataset. Three open-source models were selected. comprising approximately...

In this paper, we study relay selection in decode-and-forward wireless energy harvesting cooperative networks. contrast to conventional networks, the relays harvest from source’s radio-frequency radiation and then use that forward source information. Considering power splitting receiver architecture used at energy, are concerned with performance of two popular schemes, namely, partial (PRS) scheme optimal (ORS) scheme. particular, analyze system terms outage probability (OP) over independent...

We analyze the effect of distributed switch and stay combining (DSSC) technique imperfect channel state information (CSI) in scenario, where communication between source destination is conducted through either direct transmission or with help best relay among K full-duplex energy harvesting relays by using partial selection. To activate such communication, at destination, we apply DSSC technique, which considered as an effective method to achieve spatial diversity a manner low processing...

The exact closed-form expressions for outage probability and bit error rate of spectrum sharing-based multi-hop decode-and-forward (DF) relay networks in non-identical Rayleigh fading channels are derived. We also provide the approximate expression system ergodic capacity. Utilizing these tractable analytical formulas, we can study impact key network parameters on performance cognitive under interference constraints. Using a linear model, derive an optimum position scheme by numerically...

The rapid growth of demand for wireless transmission has placed great pressure on the scarce radio spectrum due to fixed allocation policy and cognitive (CR) is considered as a promising solution such problem. main idea behind network unlicensed users (also called secondary users) exploit opportunistically underutilized licensed (referred primary network). Before investigating technical political implications CR, it important know what extent bands are temporally unoccupied. In this paper,...