A5067099539- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Water resources management and optimization
- Water Quality and Pollution Assessment
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Water-Energy-Food Nexus Studies
- Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Environmental and Social Impact Assessments
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Arsenic contamination and mitigation
- Water Systems and Optimization
- Hydropower, Displacement, Environmental Impact
- Urban and Rural Development Challenges
- Water Quality and Resources Studies
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Disaster Management and Resilience
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Water Treatment and Disinfection
- Groundwater flow and contamination studies
- Water Governance and Infrastructure
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Community Development and Social Impact
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
University of Bristol
2019-2025
Cabot (United States)
2024
IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre
2021
Department for International Development
2006-2017
Boston University
2006
Loughborough University
2002-2003
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
2002
Lawrence Livermore National Security
2002
University of Surrey
1997
Three large new trials of unprecedented scale and cost, which included novel factorial designs, have found no effect basic water, sanitation hygiene (WASH) interventions on childhood stunting, only mixed effects diarrhea. Arriving at the inception United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals, bold target safely managed for all by 2030, these results warrant attention researchers, policy-makers practitioners. Here we report conclusions an expert meeting convened World Health Organization...
Climate change represents the most significant challenge of twenty-first century and poses risks to water sanitation services. Concerns for supply include damage infrastructure from flooding, loss sources due declining rainfall increasing demand, changes in quality within distribution water. Sanitation concerns services floods reduced carrying capacity waters receiving wastewater. Key actions reduce climate integration measures resilience into safety plans, as well improved accounting...
Intermittent water supply (IWS) is prevalent throughout low and middle-income countries. IWS associated with increased microbial contamination potentially elevated risk of waterborne illness. We used existing data sets to estimate the population exposed IWS, assess probability infection using quantitative assessment, calculate subsequent burden diarrheal disease attributable consuming fecally contaminated tap from an IWS. reference pathogens Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium, rotavirus as...
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic placed hygiene at the centre of disease prevention. Yet, access to levels water supply that support good hand and institutional cleaning, our understanding behaviours, soap are deficient in low-, middle- high-income countries. This paper reviews role water, sanitation (WaSH) emergence, previous outbreaks, combatting preparing for future pandemics. We consider settings where these factors particularly important identify key preventive contributions control gaps...
The aim of building climate resilient and environmentally sustainable health care facilities is: (a) to enhance their capacity protect improve the target communities in an unstable changing climate; (b) empower them optimize use resources minimize release pollutants waste into environment. Such contribute high quality accessibility services and, by helping reduce facility costs, also ensure better affordability. They are important component universal coverage. Action is needed at least four...
Abstract Climate change is increasing the likelihood of drought in sub-Saharan Africa, where HIV prevalence high. Drought could increase transmission through various mediating mechanisms; we investigated these associations. We used data on people aged 15–59 from Population-Based Impact Assessment surveys 2016 Eswatini, Lesotho, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. Survey were geospatially linked to precipitation for 2014–2016, with local droughts defined as cumulative rainfall between 2014 being...
In the 3rd edition of its Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality (2004) (GDWQ) World Health Organization (WHO) promotes use risk assessment coupled with management control water safety in drinking supplies. Quantitative microbial (QMRA) provides a tool estimating disease-burden from pathogenic microorganisms using information about distribution and occurrence pathogen or an appropriate surrogate. This may then be used to inform decisions supply system. Although QMRA has been estimate disease...
Abstract The microbiological contamination of groundwater has profound and severe implications for public health, particularly in small communities developing countries where is often the preferred source drinking water. Although natural usually good quality, this can deteriorate rapidly due to inadequate protection poor resource management. Contaminated contribute high morbidity mortality rates from diarrhoeal diseases sometimes lead epidemics. disposal excreta using land-based systems a...
Water safety plans (WSPs) are promoted by the WHO as most effective means of securing drinking water safety. To date experience with WSPs has been within utility supplies, primarily in developed countries. There little documented applying to small community-managed systems, particularly developing This paper presents a case study from Bangladesh describing how can be and implemented for systems. Model were through consultation key sector practitioners country. Simplified tools translate...
Research Article| March 01 2010 Securing 2020 vision for 2030: climate change and ensuring resilience in water sanitation services Guy Howard; Howard 1Department International Development, Abercrombie House, Eaglesham Road, East Kilbride, Glasgow G75 8EA, UK E-mail: g-howard@dfid.gov.uk Search other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Katrina Charles; Charles 2Robens Centre Public Environmental Health, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, Kathy Pond; Pond Anca...
Abstract Climate change presents a major threat to water and sanitation services. There is an urgent need understand improve resilience, particularly in rural communities small towns low- middle-income countries that already struggle provide universal access services face increasing threats from climate change. To date, there lack of simple framework assess the resilience which hinders development strategies An interdisciplinary team engineers environmental social scientists were brought...
The primary goal of this study is to analyze the hydrogeochemical properties and assess groundwater quality for drinking, domestic, irrigation purposes in West El Minia, Egypt. Major components were determined 49 samples evaluate water area. Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster (HCA), geostatistics, spatial mapping used identify chemical processes that influence highlight areas health risks. According TDS values, about 22% are suitable drinking. Due elevated values...
Drinking-water supply and sanitation services are essential for human health, but their technologies management systems potentially vulnerable to climate change. An assessment was made of the resilience water against forecast changes by 2020 2030. The results showed very few resilient change sustainability current progress towards Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) may be significantly undermined. Management approaches more important than technology in building supply, reverse is true...
With Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG-6), member states of the UN declared their ambition for universal access to safely managed water, recognising this as fundamental human health, wellbeing, socioeconomic development, and gender equity.1WHOUNICEFSafely drinking water—thematic report on water 217. World Health Organisation United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, Geneva2017Google Scholar Through support expert groups, defined a continuous supply uncontaminated delivered...
Abstract Water and sanitation services are critical for public health. The importance of these is reflected in SDG 6 the associated targets 6.1, 6.2 6.3. Much progress remains to be made achieve targets, but it already becoming clear that greater ambition needed. This paper looks at three global challenges: need increase level service protect health including infectious respiratory diseases; role combatting anti-microbial resistance (AMR); urgent build more climate-resilient services. We...