Generally, the DNA barcode relying on a short fragment of cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene is powerful tool for facilitating species discovery and taxonomic resolution in Diptera, including black flies. However, COI lacks sufficient to identify several or infer phylogenetic relationships flies Simulium striatum species-group, whereas fast-evolving nuclear big zinc finger (BZF) has been suggested as key marker identifying species. In this study, new fly S. species-group from Kamphaeng Phet...

This is the first study on seasonal biodiversity of black flies and evaluation ecological factors influencing their distribution at Doi Pha Hom Pok National Park, northern Thailand. Larvae were collected from six fixed-stream sites in relation to altitude gradients May 2011 April 2013. The water temperature, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), salt, velocity, stream width depth, streambed particle sizes, riparian vegetation, canopy cover recorded each site. Monthly collections...

A checklist and keys for the 110 species of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand are updated. The includes Simulium bishopi Takaoka & Davies melanopus species-group, newly recorded from southern Thailand, S. chiangmaiense Suzuki, previously treated as a junior synonym nakhonense Suzuki. All classified six subgenera (Asiosimulium Choochote, Daviesellum Adler, Gomphostilbia Enderlein, Montisimulium Rubtsov, Nevermannia Enderlein Latreille) genus Latreille; Gomphostilbia, placed...

Ecological analyses of the small and lesser-known insect order Mecoptera in Thailand are presented. Specimens were collected monthly over a period 12 consecutive months, using both Malaise pan traps, from 29 sampling sites located 18 national parks throughout Thailand. A total 21 species four genera identified 797 specimens, including Panorpa (1 species), Neopanorpa (18 Bittacus Terrobittacus with latter genus representing new record to harmandi, N. siamensis, byersi, malaisei most abundant...

Urbanization and human activities create new suitable aquatic habitats for the immature stages of mosquitoes in many countries. This also applies to Doi Inthanon National Park northern Thailand, which is named highest mountain country. Despite its popularity, there no information regarding mosquito diversity community structure different ecosystems park. Monthly collections from various were conducted August 2004 December 2005 using dipping sucking methods. The specimens collected each...

Simulium (Gomphostilbia) khelangense sp. nov. is described on the basis of females, collected by a sweeping net in Lampang, Phitsanulok and Chiang Mai Provinces, Thailand. This new species placed S. chumpornense subgroup varicorne species-group subgenus Gomphostilbia Enderlein having antenna with eight flagellomeres, pleural membrane bare, female subcosta lacking hairs. It similar to kuvangkadilokae Pramual & Tangkawanit from Thailand same but barely distinguished latter head width...

Simulium (Simulium) umphangense, a new human-biting species of black fly, is described based on females captured while attacking humans in western and central Thailand. The female this similar to those S. (S.) indicum Becher, nigrogilvum Summers, vanellum Huang et al. the griseifrons species-group subgenus Latreille having frons densely covered with golden-yellow short hairs, character rarely found Simulium. This readily distinguished from three related by darkened fore tibia, bare subcosta...

Simulium (Simulium) phraense sp. nov. (Diptera: Simuliidae) is described from females, males, pupae, and larvae Thailand. This new species placed in the striatum group most similar to nakhonense Takaoka & Suzuki Thailand among of same but barely distinguished latter by lacking annular ridges on surface pupal gill filaments. The fast-evolving nuclear big zinc finger (BZF) gene has successfully differentiated this its allies, S. (S.) chiangmaiense group. BZF sequences show that more closely...

Allopatric populations present challenges for biologists working with vectors. We suggest that conspecificity can be concluded in these cases when data from four character sets—chromosomal, ecological, molecular, and morphological—express variation no greater between the allopatric than corresponding sympatric populations. use this approach to test of Simulium nodosum Puri on mainland Southeast Asia shirakii Kono & Takahasi Taiwan. The validity two putative species has long been disputed...

Abstract We evaluated patterns of species richness, heterogeneity, niche occupation, and community structuring/similarity staphylinid beetles the subfamily Steninae across a 2500-m elevational gradient tropical mountain area in Northern Thailand. Predaceous were collected from variety habitat types. Increasing Sørensen dissimilarity with increasing elevation was explained by both turnover (especially lower zones) declining numbers elevations > 1400 m). Unlike strong decline number...

Females and males reared from pupae, their pupal exuviae cocoons, mature larvae of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) asakoae species group various localities in Thailand were morphologically examined. A total 25 was identified, including two four known ( Takaoka & Davies S. chiangdaoense Srisuka), one newly confirmed myanmarense Takaoka, Srisuka Saeung, originally described Myanmar), transferred inthanonense Suzuki formerly ceylonicum group), 21 new species. Descriptions all are given,...

Species of the Anopheles minimus complex are considered to be primary vectors malaria in South and Southeast Asia. Two species complex, harrisoni, occur Thailand. They sympatric difficult accurately distinguish based on morphological characters. The aim this study was investigate potential antennal sensory organs these two species. Additionally, we investigated their ability mate cages different sizes, as well possible mechanism(s) that evokes stenogamous behavior. Large sensilla coeloconica...

The highest elevations of tropical mountains, much like oceanic islands, often support disproportionately high levels endemism, some which is concealed as cryptic species. In a search for additional species, we explored the chromosomal diversity three morphologically defined species black flies known only from upper Doi Inthanon, Thailand's mountain. Analysis polytene chromosomes facilitated discovery previously unknown larva Simulium kiewmaepanense Takaoka & Srisuka, permitted linkage...

The transmission of zoonotic filarial parasites by black flies has so far been reported in the Chiang Mai and Tak provinces, Thailand, bites these infected can cause a rare disease—human onchocerciasis. However, species identification their fly vectors province were previously only based on morphotaxonomic analysis. In this study, combined approach molecular analyses (mitochondrial cox1, 12S rRNA, nuclear 18S rRNA (SSU HVR-I) genes) was used to clarify natural infections female collected...