Research on teacher development reports significant early-career increases in effectiveness, but the extent to which this is attributable of teachers who persist or attrition less effective unclear. In study novice North Carolina public schools, authors investigated teachers’ effectiveness during their first five years classroom and contrasted stayed with that those left. Across grade levels, increased significantly second year teaching flattened after three years. The left profession were...

Because of the current high proportion novice high-school teachers, many students' mastery science and mathematics depends on effectiveness early-career teachers. In this study, which used value-added models to analyze teachers' in raising test scores 1.05 million end-of-course exams, we found that teachers increased substantially with experience but exhibited diminishing rates return by their fourth year; algebra 1, 2, biology, physical who continued teach for at least 5 years were more...

The current teacher workforce is younger, less experienced, more likely to turnover, and diverse in preparation experiences than the of two decades ago. Research shows that inexperienced teachers are effective, but we know little about effectiveness with different types preparation. In this study, classify North Carolina public school into portals—fixed mutually exclusive categories capture teachers’ formal qualifications upon first entering profession—and estimate adjusted average test...

State policies affect the qualifications of beginning teachers in numerous ways, including regulating entry requirements, providing incentives for graduate degrees, and subsidizing preparation programs at public universities. In this paper we assess how these policy choices student achievement, specifically comparing traditionally prepared with alternative-entry teachers; in-state out-of-state undergraduate degrees those degrees; universities private Using school fixed effects to analyze...

Abstract This quantitative study investigated the relationships among practicing elementary teachers’ ( N = 153) beliefs about mathematics and its teaching learning, anxiety, instructional practices in mathematics. When viewed singly, findings reveal teachers with higher levels of anxiety tend to use less standards‐based instruction those oriented toward a problem‐solving view reported more teaching. A combined analysis shows that after controlling for mathematical beliefs, longevity,...

Evaluating the impacts of public school funding on student achievement has been an important objective for informing education policymaking but fraught with data and methodological limitations. Findings from prior research have mixed at best, leaving policymakers little advice about benefits allocating resources to schools or how it might best be done. In this study, authors take advantage a pilot supplemental program in North Carolina that used quantitative index educational select most...

Despite the growing popularity of mergers in higher education, limited research examines their sociocultural impact on faculty which is arguably a university’s most valuable resource. This paper merger disparate institutions University System Georgia (USG) and presents productivity results over time, given that increased presence for merged university was goal merger. A based quantitative methods approach used to explore efforts university. Surveys were conducted three times five years...

Background/Context In response to a shortage of highly qualified teachers, states and school districts have enacted number policy innovations over the last two decades. While researchers evaluated many these reforms, little is known about initial effectiveness individuals with prior teaching assistant experience. We review existing literature related assistants utilize administrative data examine characteristics who transition from work as jobs regular classroom teachers. Study Purpose...

Whereas subject-area specialization is common practice in secondary grades, little known about its incidence and impact elementary schools. In this study we use data from North Carolina schools to assess which teachers specialize estimate whether associated with teacher effectiveness school achievement. We find that prevalent upper-elementary grades—approximately 25 percent of fourth-grade 37 fifth-grade specialize—and assign relatively more effective specialize. Analyses indicate not...

We explore the question of whether some often conflicting evidence racial profiling can be cleared up using red light camera observations to measure disparities in traffic violations. Using data from cameras at intersections matched census data, we find that although citations are issued a disproportionate number minorities based on composition surrounding location, violator is consistent with block group which they reside. Our study indicates may have present and future role assisting...

In this study, we examined relationships between the use of test results and US students' math, reading, science performance in Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2009. Based on a literature review, hypothesized that 16 items PISA school questionnaire, which are related to results, can be categorized according 4 factors. We validated factor structure using confirmatory analysis then obtained composite scores each factor. As revealed by multilevel analysis, when student...

Background/Context Teacher preparation programs (TPPs) face increasing pressure from the federal government, states, and accreditation agencies to improve quality of their practices graduates, yet they often do not possess enough data make evidence-based reforms. Purpose/Objective This manuscript has four objectives: (a) present strengths shortcomings accountability-based TPP evaluation systems; (b) detail individual-level being shared with TPPs at public universities in North Carolina; (c)...

Purpose Institutions of higher education face challenges fiscal responsibility and their value proposition for students other stakeholders they serve. Strategies used in business sectors, such as merger acquisition, are being increasingly adopted by governing boards, especially public institutions systems. The purpose this paper is to guide policy decisions related university mergers. Design/methodology/approach This focuses on the interplay between pre-merger status institution, individual...

Parents consider whether to enroll their child in kindergarten on time, or delay entry, known as "redshirting." States have also moved birthdate cutoffs earlier the year create older, higher achieving cohorts. However, impacts intermediate- and long-run outcomes of delayed entry are unclear, mechanisms through which advantages disadvantages may accrue. We provide plausibly causal estimates achievement by exploiting a policy change enrollment cutoff for North Carolina public schools requiring...

School leaders need effective, affordable approaches to retain their teacher workforce. We investigated a promising, low-cost option for school encourage retention: subject-area specialization in elementary grades (K–5). Using data on North Carolina teachers and schools the 2011–2012 through 2015–2016 academic years, we track incidence of specialization, assess whether teaching specialist role promotes retention, examine is an effective retention strategy certain teachers. Descriptive...

This paper explores supply‐side costs and institutional structure in a shared authority state public health system. It is found that governance system, intermediary district influences the movement of limited resources to serve populations persons most need. early empirical test suggests policy making administration concerning expenditures system are practical sense local, but decisions made at level by regional an important influence on local expenditures.