A5068979710- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Mind wandering and attention
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Children's Physical and Motor Development
- Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Noise Effects and Management
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2024-2025
Children's Medical Center
2025
The University of Melbourne
2015-2024
Australian Psychological Society
2012-2023
UCLouvain Saint-Louis Brussels
2023
Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
2023
Saint Louis University
2023
Cicely Saunders International
2023
King's College London
2023
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
2023
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism are two neurodevelopmental disorders associated with prominent executive dysfunction, which may be underpinned by disruption within fronto-striatal fronto-parietal circuits. We probed function in these using a sustained attention task validated brain-behaviour basis. Twenty-three children ADHD, 21 high-functioning (HFA) 18 control were tested on the Sustained to Response Task (SART). In fixed sequence version of task, required...
An important theory of attention suggests that there are three separate networks execute discrete cognitive functions. The 'alerting' network acquires and maintains an alert state, the 'orienting' selects information from sensory input 'conflict' resolves conflict arises between potential responses. This holds promise for dissociating patterns impairment in disorders where attentional deficits may often be subtle, such as deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).The Attentional Network Test...
<h3>Context</h3> Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with widespread cognitive impairments, but it not known whether the apparent multiple impairments share etiological roots or separate pathways exist. A better understanding of important for development targeted interventions and identification suitable intermediate phenotypes molecular genetic investigations. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine, by using a multivariate familial factor analysis approach, 1 more...
The consumption of a chemically defined diet altered both the faecal flora and steroids. Enterobacteria increased while enterococci other lactic acid bacteria decreased in number. No obvious change occurred. However, alteration degree degradation neutral steroids may reflect some anaerobic flora. Total excretion was also reduced. On cessation reverted to levels before diet.
The neurobiological underpinnings of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and particularly those associated with the persistence ADHD into adulthood are not yet well understood.The correlation patterns in spontaneous neural fluctuations at rest known as resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) could characterize ADHD-specific changes.OBJECTIVE To determine specific location possible ADHD-related differences RSFC between adults diagnosed having childhood control subjects.DESIGN...
Accumulating evidence indicates that time spent in natural environments promotes creativity, but few researchers have considered how this occurs. We evaluate two candidate mechanisms, attention restoration and mind wandering. compare the accounts terms of attentional focus, brain network activation, cognitive effects, temporal progression these processes across stages creativity. Based on analysis, we propose (1) gentle shifts between externally oriented soft fascination internally wandering...
Criminological theories have often stressed the importance of impulsivity in etiology delinquency. Whether this construct is termed impulsivity, self-control, or low constraint/ negative emotionality, theoretical clear. What also clear that boys and girls differ significantly on impulsivity; however, research ambiguous why occurs. Some researchers suggest socialization parenting create different levels whereas others cognitive and/or motor deficits early life may be source. Using...
Abstract Premature infants are at significant risk of reduced bone mineral content (BMC) and subsequent osteopenia. There currently no standard practices regarding screening, investigation or treatment this condition. We present a case report findings national survey 36 level 2 3 neonatal units (72% response rate). The showed widely disparate practice prevention treatment. summarize the tests available for osteopenia suggest guidelines management group. Conclusion: Our confirms inconsistent...
This study examined the circumstances surrounding a homeless youth's "decision " to trade sex for food, money, shelter, or drugs. Forty youth in 4 Midwestern states participated individual, in‐depth qualitative interviews. Interviewers recruited through both service agencies and street outreach. The findings revealed that approximately one third of sample had some experience with trading sex, whether it was form having traded been propositioned but refused, friends acquaintances sex. Young...
The evidence for restorative effects of contact with nature is vast. Drawing from two well-known theories in Environmental Psychology, Stress reduction theory and Attention restoration , can be seen as a sequential, interactive process that begins physiological relaxation results affective attention broader life reflection. This interaction between person their environment may facilitated by actively engaging the but this has been understudied. We examined engagement asking participants to...
Research indicates that heightened individual engagement in nature can improve psychological benefits of experiences, yet the current literature lacks robust consideration for how this occurs. Constrained experiences – such as busy, noisy urban environments may undermine capacities to engage with nature, prompting question functions across different experiences. To address gap, we draw on mindfulness a framework examine pathways which supports restoration and connection nature. We appraise...
Home blood pressure (BP) monitoring improves BP control, but it is unknown whether patients accurately report home readings to their physician. This study compared self-reported with electronically stored and heart rate (HR) evaluated this agreement in controlled vs. uncontrolled hypertension.A single-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted an ambulatory managed care population. Subjects were identified by hypertension-related codes from the International Classification of Diseases,...
The basal ganglia may be involved in bimanual co-ordination. Parkinson's disease (which impairs output) is clinically reported to cause difficulties the performance of co-ordinated movements. Nevertheless, any co-ordination task specific, as experimental observations are equivocal. To infer role co-ordinating two arms, this study investigated patients with disease. Sixteen and matched control subjects performed a cranking task, at different speeds (1 2 Hz) phase relationships. All required...
Background Twin and sibling studies have identified specific cognitive phenotypes that may mediate the association between genes clinical symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD is also associated with lower IQ scores. We aimed to investigate whether familial measures performance diagnosis mediated through shared influences IQ. Method Multivariate models were run on data from 1265 individuals aged 6–18 years, comprising 920 participants pairs 345 control...