We investigate the role of conflicts in pedestrian traffic, i.e., situations where two or more people try to enter same space. Therefore a recently introduced cellular automaton model for dynamics is extended by friction parameter mu. This controls probability that movement all particles involved conflict denied at one time step. It shown these are not an undesirable artifact parallel update scheme, but important correct description dynamics. The mu can be interpreted as kind internal local...

We investigate a probabilistic cellular automaton model which has been introduced recently. This describes single-lane traffic flow on ring and generalizes the asymmetric exclusion process models. study equilibrium properties calculate so-called fundamental diagrams (flow versus density) for parallel dynamics. is done numerically by computer simulations of means an improved mean-field approximation takes into account short-range correlations. For cars with maximum velocity 1, simplest...

We study the impact of global traffic light control strategies in a recently proposed cellular automaton model for vehicular city networks. The combines basic ideas Biham-Middleton-Levine and Nagel-Schreckenberg highway traffic. network has simple square lattice geometry. All streets intersections are treated equally, i.e., there no dominant streets. Starting from synchronized strategy, we show that capacity strongly depends on cycle times lights. Moreover, point out optimal time periods...

A spatially continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics is introduced which includes an elliptical volume exclusion of pedestrians. We discuss the phenomena oscillations and overlapping occur certain choices forces. The main intention this work quantitative description movement in several geometries. Measurements fundamental diagram narrow wide corridors are performed. results proposed show good agreement with empirical data obtained controlled experiments.

Experiments under laboratory conditions were carried out to study the ordering in bidirectional pedestrian streams and its influence on fundamental diagram (density–speed–flow relation). The Voronoi method is used resolve fine structure of resulting velocity–density relations spatial dependence measurements. data show that specific flow concept applicable also for streams. For various forms streams, no large differences among density–flow relationships are found observed density range....

Many observations of pedestrian dynamics, including various self-organization phenomena, have been reproduced successfully by different models. But the empirical databases for quantitative calibration are still insufficient, e.g. fundamental diagram as one most important relationships displays non-negligible differences among studies. To improve this situation, experiments in straight corridors and T-junction performed. Four measurement methods defined to study their effects on diagram. It...

Simple cellular automata models are able to reproduce the basic properties of highway traffic. The comparison with empirical data for microscopic quantities requires a more detailed description elementary dynamics. Based on existing models, we propose an improved discrete model incorporating anticipation effects, reduced acceleration capabilities and enhanced interaction horizon braking. modified is three phases (free-flow, synchronized, stop-and-go) observed in real Furthermore find good...

A cellular automaton model for the description of traffic flow is investigated. It generalizes asymmetric exclusion models which have attracted a lot interest in past. The authors calculate so-called fundamental diagram (flow versus density) parallel dynamics using an improved mean-field approximation takes into account short-range correlations. For maximum velocity they find that simplest these non-trivial approximations gives exact result. higher velocities their results are excellent...

We have found the exact ground state for a large class of antiferromagnetic spin-1 models with nearest-neighbour interactions on linear chain. All ground-state properties can be calculated. The is determined as matrix product individual site states and has Haldane scenario.

In the present paper, single-vehicle data of highway traffic are analyzed in great detail. By using directly, empirical time headway distributions and speed-distance relations can be established. Both quantities yield relevant information about microscopic states. Several fundamental diagrams also presented, which based on time-averaged compared with earlier investigations. remaining part, time-series analyses averaged as well carried out. The results will used order to propose objective...

The floor field model, which is a cellular automaton model for studying evacuation dynamics, investigated and extended. A method calculating the static field, describes shortest distance to an exit door, in arbitrary geometry of rooms presented. wall potential contraction effect at wide are also proposed order obtain realistic behavior near corners bottlenecks. These extensions important simulations, especially case panics.

The authors study the relationship of two 'q-deformed' spin-1 chains-both them are solvable models-with a generalized supersymmetric t-J fermion model in one dimension. One chains is an anisotropic VBS for which they calculate ground state and ground-state properties. other chain corresponds to Zamolodchikov-Fateev by Bethe ansatz equivalent certain model. models intersect value 'deformation' parameter q second-order phase transition.

We study discretization effects in cellular automata models for pedestrian dynamics by reducing the cell size. Then a particle occupies more than one which leads to subtle dynamics, e.g. non-local conflict situations. Results from computer simulations of floor field model are compared with empirical findings. Furthermore, influence increasing maximal walking speed vmax is investigated interaction range beyond nearest neighbour interactions. The extension vmax>1 turns out be severe challenge...

We propose a cellular automata model for vehicular traffic in cities by combining (and appropriately modifying) ideas borrowed from the Biham-Middleton-Levine (BML) of city and Nagel-Schreckenberg (NS) highway traffic. demonstrate phase transition "free-flowing" dynamical to completely "jammed" at vehicle density which depends on time periods synchronized signals separation between them. The intrinsic stochasticity dynamics, triggers onset jamming, is similar that NS model, while phenomenon...