In this paper, a new design methodology for determining the size, location, type and number of capacitors to be placed on radial distribution system is presented. The objective minimize peak power losses energy in considering capacitor cost. A sensitivity analysis based method used select candidate locations capacitors. optimization using genetic algorithm proposed determine optimal selection Test results have been presented along with discussion algorithm.< <ETX...

Weather is one of the major factors affecting reliability power distribution systems. An effective method to model weather's impact on overhead lines' failure rates will enable utilities compare their systems' reliabilities under different weather conditions. This allow them make right decisions obtain best operation and maintenance plan reduce impacts reliabilities. Two methods are presented in this paper. The first based a Poisson regression model, it captures counting nature events lines....

This paper proposes a hybrid algorithm based on artificial immune systems and ant colony optimization for distribution system reconfiguration, which is formulated as multi-objective problem. The maintains population of candidate solutions called antibodies. search space explored by means the hypermutation operator that perturbs existing antibodies to produce new ones. A table pheromones used reinforce better edges during hypermutation. An added innovation use obtain quick restore under...

This paper demonstrates how reactive power injection from distributed generators can be used to mitigate the voltage/VAR control problem of a distribution network. Firstly, flow equations are formulated with arbitrarily located in Since is limited by economic viability and electronics interface, we formulate as constrained optimization problem. The formulation aims minimize combined generators, constraints on: 1) equations; 2) voltage regulation; 3) phase imbalance correction; 4) maximum...

This paper presents a multi-objective algorithm to solve stochastic distribution feeder reconfiguration (SDFR) problem for systems with distributed wind power generation (WPG) and fuel cells (FC). The four objective functions investigated are 1) the total electrical energy losses, 2) cost of generated, 3) emissions produced, 4) bus voltage deviation. A probabilistic flow based on point estimate method (PEM) is employed include uncertainty in WPG output load demand, concurrently. Different...

Real-time control of a smart distribution grid with renewable energy based generators requires accurate state estimates, that are typically on measurements aggregated from meters. However, the amount data/measurements increases scale physical grid, posing significant stress both communication infrastructure as well data processing centers. This paper first investigates effect geographical footprint distributed generation (DG) voltage states system. We demonstrate strong coupling in power...

Power distribution systems are transitioning from a traditional single system operator (DSO) to more integrated flexible network that incorporates multiple microgrids (MGs). This paper presents novel stochastic framework investigate the impact of correlated wind generators on energy management DSO and MGs. In order decouple problem formulation in MGs, linear approximation is proposed which enables parallel processing optimization problems. Further, based improved point estimate method model...

Environmental factors, such as weather, trees, and animals, are major causes of power outages in electric utility distribution systems. Of these wind lightning have the most significant impacts. The objective this paper is to investigate models estimate lighting related outages. Such estimation hold potential for lowering operational costs reducing customer downtime. This proposes an ensemble learning approach based on a boosting algorithm, AdaBoost <sup...

This paper presents an operational scheme for photovoltaic (PV) inverter reactive power control to accommodate higher levels and leverage efficient use of rooftop PV penetration in distribution systems. The proposes three states operation with specific goals the based on weather conditions voltage at interconnection point, adapts strategy accordingly. In normal state slowly changing solar irradiance, modulates reduce losses. fluctuating rapidly varying irradiance due intermittent passing...

Reactive power injection in smart grid distribution networks via distributed generators is envisioned to play a vital role voltage/VAR support. In this paper, we integrate the three aspects of support: modeling, state estimation and network control single framework. Firstly, develop an input nonlinear dynamic model that incorporates flow equations along with load generation (DG) forecasts. Then, considering extended Kalman filter (EKF) approach for estimation, analyze impact dropped packets...

In this paper, we analyze stochastic stability of Kalman filter (KF) based state estimation over a lossy network in spatially distributed cyber-physical systems. We study practical scenario which sensors are arbitrarily deployed an area to jointly sense the underlying physical system. The directly communicate observations central unit resulting random loss measurements and partial observation updates KF. analyzed process by establishing conditions under steady error covariance matrix is...

Active consumers who engage in energy consumption, production and provide ancillary services a dynamic interactive manner will be an integral part of the future grid. This paper models analyzes interaction between active aggregators with specific focus on consumer actions response to real-time electricity pricing their impacts grid voltage. First, this introduces unique prospect theory-based behavior model that captures wide range each individual preferences. Second, is modeled as...

Current methods for determining wind farm maximum sizes which do not consider voltage stability margins (VSMs) may result in reducing the overall levels of generation a system. In this paper, new have been developed to increase penetration level by placing at strong injection buses. Placing these buses has least impact on VSMs only vicinity generation, but also throughout power The provide comprehensive methodology identification system weaknesses each level. incorporate modal analysis as...

This paper proposes a double auction mechanism for energy trade between buying and selling agents. The framework is general enough, requiring neither the agents' preferences nor pricing to be fixed values across spatially distributed A microgrid controller implements algorithm maximize individual participating utilities as well social welfare. accomplished by in an iterative manner, such that need obtain private information pertaining obviated. Simulation results with set of seven buyers...

Large-scale integration of rooftop solar power generation is transforming traditionally passive distribution systems into active ones. High penetration such devices creates new dynamics for which the current are inadequate. The changing paradigm system requires it to be operated as cyber-physical system. A goal-based holonic multiagent (HMAS) presented in this paper achieve objective. This provides details on design HMAS operation systems. Various operating modes and associated goals...

Future smart power distribution system with multiple active consumers and aggregators exchanging real-time electricity pricing consumption information over a communication network is prone to cyberattack. The goal of this paper understand the impact attacks on pricing/load signals physical grid within transactive energy market framework. First, models interaction between price total demand in form discrete time nonlinear autonomous dynamical system. Second, equilibrium associated coupled...

Due to various factors, including worries about greenhouse gas emissions, supporting government policies, and decreased equipment costs, the expansion of solar-based energy generation, notably in form photovoltaics, has accelerated significantly recent years. Solar panels continue face several challenges regarding their practical integration reliability. These concerns originate from variable nature solar resource. generation inherent variability, which poses problems associated with costs...

A method for benchmarking performance of electric distribution utilities based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) is presented. Basic theory DEA followed by case studies addressing 50 largest (based MWh sales) in the USA. The results include efficiency, gaps inputs and outputs inefficient utilities, sensitivity classification a gap report. Also, peer-to-peer comparison with efficient provided. Based these can develop strategic plans to improve

Loss of diversity among loads may cause cold load pickup problems after an extended outage in distribution systems. Thermostatically-controlled devices such as air-conditioners, heaters, heat pumps, water heaters etc. become the largest portion during restoration. In this paper, analytical approach for restoration systems is presented. A delayed exponential model used to represent pickup. thermodynamic a transformer determine loading limits type load. Whenever are reached, sections restored...

Time of use (TOU) pricing is considered by many to be a key part creating more energy-efficient and renewable-energy-friendly grid. TOU also an integral the smart grid already available customers some electric utilities. With becoming reality, intelligent dispatching systems that utilize energy storage devices (ESDs) maximize renewable resources, such as produced small, customer owned wind generators roof-top solar generators, while determining most economic dispatch schedule could play...

This paper presents the interaction of traditional centralized voltage regulators such as load-tap-changing (LTC) transformers with new emerging inverter-based distributed photovoltaic (PV) generators in reactive power and control distribution systems. Different strategies for PVs are considered their LTC is analyzed. The investigated objective function total electric losses 24 hours while satisfying system operational constraints. Discrete Particle swarm optimization (DPSO) used to...

Active consumers will be integral to the future smart grid, scheduling their load and managing renewable generation in accordance with real-time pricing. The impact of spatially distributed active on distribution system must quantified for operational planning. Most current studies are scenario-based derived results scenario specific. Determining temporally variable behavior requires investigation a large number scenarios, which is computationally intractable using iterative power flow...