To investigate neurochemical changes associated with bortezomib-induced painful peripheral neuropathy (PN), we examined the effects of a single-dose intravenous administration bortezomib and well-established "chronic" schedule in rat model PN. The TRPV1 channel sensory neuropeptides CGRP substance P (SP) were studied L4-L5 dorsal root ganglia (DRGs), spinal cord, sciatic nerve. Behavioral measures, performed at end chronic treatment, confirmed reduction mechanical nociceptive threshold,...

Ischemia/reperfusion leads to inflammation and oxidative stress which damages membrane highly polyunsaturated fatty acids (HPUFAs) eventually induces neuronal death. This study evaluates the effect of administration Pistacia lentiscus L. essential oil (E.O.), a mixture terpenes sesquiterpenes, on modifications acid profile endocannabinoid (eCB) congener concentrations induced by transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) in rat frontal cortex plasma. Adult Wistar rats...

Abstract This work presents new data concerning the immunohistochemical occurrence of transient receptor potential vanilloid type‐1 ( TRPV 1) in human trigeminal ganglion TG ) and spinal nucleus subjects at different ontogenetic stages, from prenatal life to postnatal old age. Comparisons are made with sensory neuropeptides calcitonin gene‐related peptide CGRP substance P SP ). 1‐like immunoreactive LI material was detected by western blot homogenates medulla oblongata adult stages life....

Abstract Introduction The selective breeding of Roman High‐ ( RHA ) and Low‐Avoidance RLA rats for, respectively, rapid versus poor acquisition the active avoidance response has generated two distinct phenotypes differing in many behavioral traits, including coping strategies to aversive conditions. Thus, are considered as a genetic model vulnerability stress‐induced depression whereas resilience that trait. Besides monoamine hypothesis depression, there is evidence alterations neuronal...

The Roman High-Avoidance (RHA) and the Low-Avoidance (RLA) rats, represent two psychogenetically-selected lines that are, respectively, resistant prone to displaying depression-like behavior, induced by stressors. In view of key role played neurotrophic factors neuronal plasticity, in pathophysiology depression, we aimed at assessing effects acute stress, i.e., forced swimming (FS), on expression brain-derived factor (BDNF), its trkB receptor, Polysialilated-Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule...

The transient global cerebral hypoperfusion/reperfusion achieved by induction of Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion followed Reperfusion (BCCAO/R) has been shown to stimulate early molecular changes that can be easily traced in brain tissue and plasma, are indicative the physiological response reperfusion-induced oxidative stress inflammation. aim present study is probe possibility prevent induced BCCAO/R with dietary natural compounds known possess anti-inflammatory activity, such as...

The transient global cerebral hypoperfusion/reperfusion achieved by induction of Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion followed Reperfusion (BCCAO/R) may trigger a physiological response in an attempt to preserve tissue and function integrity. There are several candidate molecules among which the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and/or peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) play role modulating oxidative stress inflammation. aims present study evaluate whether ECS,...

Stressful events evoke molecular adaptations of neural circuits through chromatin remodeling and regulation gene expression. However, the identity pathways activated by stress in experimental models depression is not fully understood. We investigated effect acute forced swimming (FS) on phosphorylation extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 (pERK) histone H3 (pH3) limbic brain areas genetic vulnerability (RLA, Roman low-avoidance rats) resistance (RHA, high-avoidance to...

The present work was undertaken to investigate the effects of acute forced swimming (FS) on levels brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase receptor B (trkB) proteins in: ventral tegmental area (VTA); nucleus accumbens (Acb) shell core compartments; anterior cingulate (ACg), prelimbic (PL) infralimbic (IL) territories prefrontal cortex genetic models vulnerability (RLA, Roman low-avoidance rats) resistance (RHA, high-avoidance stress-induced depression. We report for...

This study aims to evaluate the putative roles of a single acute dose resveratrol (RVT) in preventing cerebral oxidative stress induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, followed reperfusion (BCCAO/R) and investigate RVT’s ability preserve neuronal structural integrity. Frontal temporal-occipital cortices were examined two groups adult Wistar rats, sham-operated submitted BCCAO/R. In both groups, 6 h before surgery, half rats gavage-fed with RVT (40 mg/per rat 300 µL sunflower...

The polyphenol resveratrol (RVT) may drive protective mechanisms of cerebral homeostasis during the hypoperfusion/reperfusion triggered by transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion followed reperfusion (BCCAO/R). This immunochemical study investigates if a single dose RVT modulates plasticity-related markers brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase trkB receptor, Polysialylated-Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (PSA-NCAM), and Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated...

The present paper is aimed at defining distinctive subdivisions of the human cuneate nucleus (Cu), evident from prenatal to old life, whose occurrence has never been clearly formalized in brain, or described other species so far. It extends our early observations on presence gray matter areas that host strong substance P (SP) immunoreactivity territory Cu and adjacent fascicle. Here we provide a three-dimensional reconstruction fields rich SP further identify those by means their...

Sexual activity causes differential changes in the expression of markers neural activation (c-Fos and ΔFosB) plasticity (Arc BDNF/trkB), as determined either by Western Blot (BDNF, trkB, Arc, or immunohistochemistry c-Fos), hippocampus male Roman high (RHA) low avoidance (RLA) rats, two psychogenetically selected rat lines that display marked differences sexual behavior (RHA rats exhibit higher motivation better copulatory performance than RLA rats). Both methods showed (with some...

This study examined the association between burnout, psychological distress, ward atmosphere, and working alliance (WA) among mental health workers treating patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). Data were collected from 345 SSD 151 across 98 residential facilities (RFs) as part of DiAPAson project October 2020 to 2021. Participants excluded if they exhibited patient-operator matching errors, dropped out, or had many missing Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) scores. The final...

The presence of transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1)-like immunoreactivity (LI), in the form nerve fibres and terminals, is shown a set discrete gray matter subregions placed territory human cuneate nucleus. We showed previously that those share neurochemical structural features with protopathic nuclei and, after ancient name our town, collectively call them Locus Karalis, briefly K. TRPV1-LI K codistributed, though not perfectly overlapped, neuropeptides calcitonin...

To extend our previous observations on the beneficial effect of dietary Pistacia lentiscus L. essential oil during cerebral bilateral common carotid artery occlusioninduced injury, we evaluated activity one its major components, beta-caryophyllene (BCP), already known to possess peculiar biological activities, in Wistar rat cortex. Cerebral hypoperfusion was produced by a 30 min occlusion followed 60 reperfusion (BCCAO/R). Animals were starved for 12 hours before surgery and, 6 prior...

Locus K is a newly identified region within the territory of human nucleus cuneatus that shares neurochemical and histological features with protopathic second order sensory nuclei (Del Fiacco et al., 2013; Serra SIAI 2014). This work aimed at examining rat dorsal column in to ascertain whether structure homologous occurs brain. Rat brainstem sections were observed by means ABC fluorescence immunohistochemistry for neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) substance P (SP),...

The outbread Roman High- (RHA) and Low-Avoidance (RLA) rat lines were psychogenetically selected for rapid versus poor acquisition of active avoidance, respectively, differ in many behavioural traits that closely resemble the cardinal symptoms depression (1). Beyond monoamine hypothesis depression, compelling evidence suggests mood disorders are characterized by reduced neuronal plasticity. Consistently, it has been shown exposure to stress antidepressant treatment modulate expression...

Several lines of evidence show a relationship between alterations in the mechanisms that control expression neurotrophic factors and mood disorders (1). In particular, support for role brain-derived factor (BDNF) pathogenesis depression related deficits neuronal plasticity comes from reduction BDNF has been found postmortem brains serum depressed subjects gene is required response to antidepressant drugs. With aim contribute characterization molecular systems involved mechanism action...