We examine models in which the dark energy density increases with time (so that equation-of-state parameter $w$ satisfies $w<\ensuremath{-}1$), but $w\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{-}1$ asymptotically, such there is no future singularity. refine previous calculations to determine conditions necessary produce this evolution. Such can display arbitrarily rapid expansion near future, leading destruction of all bound structures (a ``little rip''). observational constraints on these and...

It is shown how, in a class of models, the sign baryon number universe can be related to CP violation neutrino oscillation experiments.

We examine in more detail specific models which yield a little rip cosmology, i.e., universe the dark energy density increases without bound but never reaches finite-time singularity. derive conditions for terms of inertial force expanding and present two representative to illustrate difference between those are asymptotically de Sitter. on equation state parameter distinguish types models. show that coupling matter with can alter evolution, changing into an asymptotic Sitter expansion. give...

We argue that a primordial black hole is natural and unique candidate for all dark matter. show that, in smooth-hybrid new double inflation model, right amount of the holes, with sharply-defined mass, can be produced at end regime, through preheating. first consider masses < 10−7M⊙ which are allowed by previous constraints. next discuss much heavier mass 105M⊙ hinted entropy, galactic size evolution, arguments. Effects on running scalar spectral index computed.

A procedure is given to estimate the decay probability of a metastable vacuum state in quantum field theory. As an application, Weinberg-Salam model lower bound (for ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{W}}=35\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$) on Higgs mass can be reduced from 4.9 GeV, corresponding effective stability vacuum.

If we assume that the cosmic energy density will remain constant or strictly increase in future, then possible fates for universe can be divided into four categories based on time asymptotics of Hubble parameter H(t): cosmological constant, which H(t) = big rip, goes to infinity at finite time, little as infinity, and pseudo-rip, a infinity. Here examine last these possibilities more detail. We provide models exemplify is an intermediate case between rip. Structure disintegration pseudo-rip...

A new approach to the wave function of universe is suggested. The key idea take into account fluctuating number fields and present in form a Euler product. For this purpose we define p-adic generalization both classical quantum gravitational theory. Elements differential geometry are described. action gravitation field equations over investigated. analogs some known solutions Einstein presented. It follows that cosmology one should consider summation only algebraic manifolds. correspondence...

The universe has many secrets. It may hide additional dimensions of space other than the familier three we recognize. There might even be another adjacent to ours, invisible and unattainable . for now.Warped Passages is a brilliantly readable altogether exhilarating journey that tracks arc discovery from early twentieth-century physics razor's edge modern scientific theory. One world's leading theoretical physicists, Lisa Randall provides astonishing possibilities that, until recently, were...

Using the effective scalar field theory of $p$-adic string, we show equivalence two previously derived sets classical Feynman rules: one by present authors, other Brekke et al. We use this to demonstrate a symmetry tree amplitude ${A}^{m}(p)$ under $p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\frac{1}{p}$. then with continuous parameter $\ensuremath{\xi}$ that reduces discussed examples as special cases.

A grand unified model based on SU(15) is described. Baryon-numbe-violating processes such as proton decay are absent in both the gauge and Higgs sectors. number of new bosons predicted at Superconducting Super Collider energy, including doubly charged coupling only to leptons.

It is speculated how dark energy in a brane world can help reconcile an infinitely cyclic cosmology with the second law of thermodynamics. A model described, which w<-1 equation state leads to turnaround at time, extremely shortly before would-be big rip, both volume and entropy our Universe decrease by gigantic factor, while very many independent similarly small contracting universes are spawned. The decreases almost zero but increases for remainder cycle vanishingly amount during...

A unique and appealing chiral-color theory is presented. It involves five fermion families, four light neutrinos, several more exotic states. The Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani mechanism preserved the embedded in unifying group ${[\mathrm{S}\mathrm{U}(4)]}^{6}$.

The one-loop Kaluza-Klein anomaly is evaluated explicitly for gauge theories in six, eight, and ten dimensions. result well defined unique, despite the nonrenormalizability of theory.Received 17 February 1983DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.1343©1983 American Physical Society

The N-point functions for the p-adic version of bosonic open-string theory are derived and discussed. cases N=5 6 explicitly calculated, lead to simple (factorizable) formulas from which general N case can be formulated.

When the effective potential of a quantum field theory has nonglobal minima, question arises as to whether they may correspond vacuum state. The conventional response is negative because instability and also on basis an analogy with many-body where compared Helmholtz free energy for which certain convexity properties be proved using Van Hove's theorem. In pursuing alternative possibility, it pointed out here that when minium occurs, equations can sustain pseudoparticlelike classical solution...

One of the major pillars modern cosmology theory is a period accelerating expansion in early universe. This expansion, or inflation, must be sustained for at least 30 e--foldings. mechanism used to drive acceleration addition new energy field, called Inflaton; often this scalar field. We propose an alternative which, like our approach explain late-time universe, uses entropy and temperature intrinsic information holographically stored on surface enclosing observed space. The due both cases...