We examine the impact of widespread adoption natural gas as a source fuel on infant mortality in Turkey, using variation across provinces and over time intensity utilisation. Our estimates indicate that expansion infrastructure has resulted significant decrease rate mortality. Specifically, one‐percentage point increase – measured by subscriptions to services would cause 4%, which translate into approximately 348 lives saved 2011 alone.

This study is the first to estimate effect of war service in Global War on Terrorism domestic violence. We exploit a natural experiment overseas deployment assignment among active-duty servicemen by relying theoretical and empirical evidence that, conditional military rank occupation, assignments are orthogonal propensity for Our results show that combat substantially increases probability intimate partner violence child abuse. Descriptive suggests effects may be explained part stress-...

While the contemporaneous association between mental health problems and criminal behavior has been explored in literature, long‐term consequences of such problems, depression particular, have received much less attention. Using data from National Longitudinal Study Adolescent Health (Add Health), we examine effect during adolescence on probability engaging a number behaviors later life. In our analysis, control for rich set individual‐, family‐, neighborhood‐level factors to account...

The availability of higher-paying jobs for low-skilled individuals has been documented to reduce crime. This study explores the impact one most prominent labor policies designed provide higher wages workers — minimum wage on teenage and young adult arrests. Using data from 1998–2016 Uniform Crime Reports a difference-in-differences approach, we find that 1 percent increase in is associated with 0.2 0.3 property crime arrests among 16-to-24-year-olds, an effect driven by larceny-related...

While the effects of low birth weight have long been explored, literature on high is sparse. However, with increasing obesity rates in United States, has become a potential concern, and associated medical an increased likelihood becoming overweight child, adolescent, subsequently obese adult. Overweight obesity, turn, are host negative effects, including lower test scores school labor market prospects when adults. If studies only focus weight, they may underestimate ensuring that mothers...

This study estimates the relationship between combat exposure and several risky health behaviors: cigarette consumption, binge drinking, drug use. We find that U.S. active duty military personnel deployed to zones with enemy firefight are more likely subsequently smoke cigarettes, consume alcohol, use illicit drugs than their counterparts noncombat operations. Our results suggest mental effects of can explain up two‐thirds estimated association behaviors. ( JEL H56, I12)

Using a unique survey of adults in Turkey, we find that an increase educational attainment, due to exogenous secular education reform, decreases women's propensity identify themselves as religious, lowers their tendency wear religious head cover (head scarf, turban or burka) and increases the for modernity. Education reduces vote Islamic parties. There is no statistically significant impact on men's religiosity parties does not influence cast national elections men women. The voting...

Few studies explore the linkages between health behaviors and macroeconomic outcomes. This study uses 1971–2007 state‐level data from United States to estimate impact of beer consumption on economic growth. We document that has negative effects growth measures once endogeneity is addressed. Our estimates are robust a range specification checks. These findings run parallel large body literature documenting substantial social costs stemming alcohol use . ( JEL I1, O4)

Abstract Policymakers advocating for later school starting times argue that increased sleep duration may generate important schooling benefits. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, this study examines relationship between and academic performance, while carefully controlling difficult‐to‐measure characteristics at family individual levels. We find time is associated with improvements in classroom concentration as well educational attainment. However, we also...