ABSTRACT PRIMARY purpose of this paper is the introduction a new concept in irrigation system design along with report preliminary results. The characterized by and has been labeled low energy-precision application (LEPA) system, which rather than spraying water into air at moderate to high pressures, distributes it directly furrow very pressure through drop tubes orifice controlled emitters. This occurs as continuously moves field linear fashion. used conjunc-tion micro-basin land...

Episodes of drought stress in upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) can be detrimental to vegetative growth, yield characteristics, and fiber quality, depending on the specific growth stage occurs. Growth, yield, boll distribution were compared among four cultivars subjected growth‐stage periods that repeated three studies over 2 yr West Texas. Drought timings occurred at pinhead square, early bloom, two during peak bloom. Both years study hot dry, with minimal rainfall episodic treatments....

Highlights Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) has continued to expand in area within the U.S. during last 15 years. Research with SDI continues for multiple crop types (fiber, grain and oilseed, horticultural, forage, turf). usage on many crops matured through research development of appropriate strategies technologies Despite some persistent challenges successful use SDI, important opportunities exist further adoption. Abstract . offers several advantages over alternative systems when it is...

Effects of factors influencing spatial and temporal variability crop yields are usually expressed in growth patterns. Consequently, monitoring can form the basis for managing site-specific farming (SSF). This experiment was conducted to determine whether patterns forecast grain yields. irrigation rates (50 80% evapotranspiration, ET), elevation, soil texture, NO3-N, arthropods, diseases on corn (Zea mays L.) yield were evaluated at Halfway, TX, 1998 1999. Data plant height, leaf area index,...

ABSTRACT THE LEPA (Low Energy Precision Application) irrigation concept has been extensively tested for two years and compared with sprinkler furrow methods. The evaluation included application efficiency, distribution water use efficiency energy savings potential. system was superior in all categories. Soybeans were used as a test crop the yield data support results indicate an economic justification conversions to irrigation.

Trade‐offs between water‐resource depletion and salinization need to be understood when promoting water‐conservative irrigation practices. This companion paper assesses impacts of groundwater‐fed on soil water groundwater quality using data from the southern High Plains (SHP). Unsaturated zone samples 13 boreholes beneath irrigated agroecosystems were analyzed for water‐extractable anions. Salt accumulation in soils varies with quality, which ranges low salinity north (median Cl: 21 mg/L)...

Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), although a much smaller fraction of the microirrigated land area than surface irrigation, is growing at faster rate and subject considerable research educational efforts in U.S. This article discusses growth SDI, highlights some extension efforts, points out challenges to SDI adoption future opportunities for SDI.

Core Ideas Timing of water deficit stress affects boll production. Stress timing influences fiber quality. Multiple timings interact. Decreased aquifer in the Texas High Plains has increased risks associated with irrigation, including lower irrigation volume and need to balance seasonal demands among crops, requiring management both rate timing. Boll distribution measurements cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) can be used quantify effects on productivity were a study × from 2011 2013 Halfway,...

Irrigated agriculture in the Texas High Plains (THP) region faces severe challenges due to rapidly declining groundwater levels underlying Ogallala Aquifer, recurring droughts, and projected warmer drier future climatic conditions. Scheduling irrigation with appropriate deficits different crop growth stages could improve water use efficiency (IWUE), thereby enable additional savings valuable without severely compromising yield. Our objective was identify efficient growth-stage-based variable...

Nitrogen recommendations for Upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) in the western USA are based on spring soil NO − 3 –N tests. In‐season monitoring of plant N status is another approach. Our primary objective was to test spectral reflectance and chlorophyll meter measurements as in‐season decision aids irrigated cotton, compare these with test‐based management. The secondary determine fate 15 affected by management irrigation modes. Urea ammonium nitrate applied low energy precision (LEPA)...

Upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) production in the Southern High Plains is usually limited by water and N. The most prevalent means of irrigation this region center‐pivot, injection and/or ground application liquid urea ammonium nitrate common N management. declining Ogallala aquifer has led to interest variable‐rate or variable‐speed using center pivots. Variability yields, soil properties, elevation within typical 48‐ha center‐pivot fields suggests that fertilizer use efficiency...

Irrigations were applied to short-season cotton at Halfway, Texas, using a LEPA irrigation system intervals of 2, 4, 8, and 12 days in 1986 3, 6, 9, 18 1987 1988. The four interval treatments grouped for analysis referred as 3D, 5D, 9D, 15D. Irrigation quantities each 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 times base amount (BI) which equalled estimated evapotranspiration (ET) less rainfall. DRY received preplant irrigations only.

<abstract> <b><sc>Abstract. </sc></b>Within the Ogallala Aquifer Region of Texas, irrigation capacity (IC) for a given field often changes within growing season due to seasonal depletion aquifer, in-season in crop needs dry years, or consequences volume limits imposed by district rules. Irrigation planning is further complicated erratic rainfall. A experiment was conducted from 2010 2013 determine cotton ( L.) productivity using range ICs common Texas South Plains during three periods. The...

Cotton boll count is an important phenotypic trait that aids in a better understanding of the genetic and physiological mechanisms cotton growth. Several computer vision technologies are available for segmentation. However, estimating number bolls segmented cluster challenging task due to complex shapes bolls. This study proposed combination spectral-spatial supervised machine learning based methods candidate recognition counting from high resolution RGB images obtained unmanned aerial...

Highlights Irrigation water use efficiency was consistently higher under deficit irrigation as compared to full irrigation. always less than the annual allowable pumping limit The first/second week of September ideal for terminating full/deficit in normal years. Ideal termination periods wet/dry years were a earlier/later those Abstract. Cotton ( L.) production Texas High Plains (THP) region relies heavily on with groundwater from underlying Ogallala Aquifer. However, rapidly declining...

Abstract Determining optimum irrigation termination periods for cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) is crucial efficient utilization and conservation of finite groundwater resources the Ogallala Aquifer in Texas High Plains (THP) region. The goal this study was to suggest different Evapotranspiration (ET) replacement-based strategies optimize yield water use efficiency (IWUE) using CROPGRO-Cotton model. We re-evaluated a previously evaluated model updated in-season physiological data from 2017...

Abstract The Texas Southern High Plains is a major cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) producing area where monoculture of conventionally tilled continuous thought to be causing downward trend in yields. A factorial experiment with split plot design evaluated the main and interactive effects (i) cotton‐wheat Triticum aestivum L.)‐fallow rotation vs. cotton, (ii) no tillage conventional tillage, (iii) furrow diking on yield soil water. Effects were determined for both dryland irrigated...

Planned reductions in subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) system uniformity the semi-arid environment of West Texas could reduce installation costs. A SDI was installed and cotton production experiment conducted from 2001 to 2006 evaluate water distribution uniformities having flow variations (Qvar) = 5%, 15%, 27% at both moderate near full levels. Flow variation treatments were established by installing irrigating with different diameter laterals field plots a complete block layout. Subsurface...