Eight men were studied during graded (47, 77, and 100% of maximal oxygen uptake) prolonged (76%) exhaustive treadmill running. During exercise the glucagon concentration increased 35% from 81 plus or minus 7 pg/ml (mean SE) at rest to 109 17 after heaviest load. progressively three times (226 40) resting value. Norepinephrine 0.40 0.06 ng/ml 2.22 0.39, epinephrine 0.07 0.01 0.42 0.13 graded, 1.51 0.08 0.33 0.04, respectively, exercise. Insulin concentrations depressed work except for Fatty...

Employing a precise and sensitive double-isotope derivative technic, plasma norepinephrine epinephrine were measured in twenty-three normal subjects fourteen diabetics during various metabolic conditions. Patients with poorly controlled diabetes showed rise norepinephrine, which correlated the degree of derangement, resting High values seen only patients moderate to severe ketoacidosis. During exercise, diabetic ketosis demonstrated large increments catecholamines as compared normals....

Key points Weightlessness in space induces initially an increase stroke volume and cardiac output, accompanied by unchanged or slightly reduced blood pressure. It is unclear whether these changes persist throughout months of flight. Here, we show that output 35–41% between 3 6 on the International Space Station, which more than during shorter flights. Twenty‐four hour ambulatory brachial pressure 8–10 mmHg a decrease systemic vascular resistance 39%, not result suppression sympathetic...

The importance of carbohydrate availability during exercise for metabolism and plasma hormone levels was studied. Seven healthy men ran on a treadmill at 70% individual maximal oxygen uptake having eaten diet low (F) or high (CH) in through 4 days. At exhaustion the subjects were encouraged to continue run while glucose infusion increased preexercise levels. Forearm venous blood, biopsies from vastus muscle expiratory gas analyzed. Time longer CH- (106 +/- 5 min (S.E.)) than F-expts. (64 6)....

Mean adrenaline concentration in cerebrospinal fluid measured by a sensitive and specific isotope-derivative assay was significantly lower 15 depressed patients during illness compared with 18 control subjects. At the time of recovery levels had increased markedly to normal levels. Cerebrospinal noradrenaline did not differ controls. The present findings suggest that as neurotransmitter may be involved affective disorders.

This investigation was performed to examine the role of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in thermogenesis induced by ephedrine man. Light microscopy biopsies from necropsy cases showed BAT occur most frequently perirenal fat. Perirenal investigated five lean men before and during stimulation with 1 mg orally X kg body wt-1. assessed continuous measurements local temperature blood flow 133xenon clearance method. In same study effect on skeletal muscle oxygen consumption estimated leg arteriovenous...

1. Plasma catecholamines, plasma renin activity, aldosterone and haematocrit were measured in four subjects with physiologically complete cervical spinal cord transections, before, during after head-up tilt to 45 degrees for 30 min. catecholamines five normal male volunteers the supine position 10 2. After min of tilt, noradrenaline rose 14% tetraplegic patients 115% control subjects. These findings indicate a failure sympathetic activity response patients, probably caused by interruption...

Plasma noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (A) concentrations were determined in different vascular areas 32 patients with cirrhosis nine controls during a right sided heart, liver, renal vein catheterisation. The divided into four groups: (I) Compensated (without ascites); (II) Recompensated on diuretic treatment because of former ascites; (III) Decompensated (with ascites) without (IV) treatment. Median arterial 1.48, 1.07, 2.66, 4.14 2.50 nmol/l controls, group I, II, III, IV, respectively,...

Employing a precise and sensitive double-isotope derivative technique, plasma catecholamine concentration (PCA) was measured in four groups of subjects: (a) long-term diabetics with neuropathy, (b) without (c) hypophysectomized (d) nondiabetic control subjects. Blood samples were obtained from subjects the supine standing position. In subjects, PCA (mainly noradrenaline) increased 0.26 ng/ml positon to 0.69 0.72 5 10 min after assuming By plotting this increase on y axis coordinate system...

Systemic and renal neurovascular reactivity was investigated in eight patients with cirrhosis control subjects fatty liver during postural changes. In the supine position, mean blood flow averaged 1.51 2.97 ml per gm min controls, respectively (p < 0.02). During tilting, changed significantly 0.05) equally controls (15 o head–down tilt: 12 13% increase, respectively; 60 head–up 27 32% decrease, respectively). Mean arterial pressure lower than (82 vs. 95 mm Hg, p but did not change tilt....

Abstract. Employing double‐isotope derivative techniques, noradrenaline and adrenaline have been determined in plasma urine dopamine 21 patients with essential hypertension as well 32 controls. Plasma rose age both groups of subjects. No differences were observed the resting supine position urinary excretion hypertensive compared to control Urinary was somewhat lower hypertensives than Treatment alprenolol, a β‐adrenergic blocking agent, did not influence basal state or three catecholamines....

Abstract. Plasma catecholamine concentrations (PCA) were measured during standing and exercise using a precise sensitive double‐isotope derivative technique. By plotting the increase in PCA position on y‐axis of coordinate system against pulse rate, was resolved into two components: one corresponding to intercept where rise rate equals zero (CAP) while other (CAH) calculated by multiplying slope regression line mean rate.–The PCA, mainly noradrenaline, considerably less light moderate than...

Abstract. The effects of cortisol and adrenaline on natural killer (NK) cell activity the distribution circulating lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in twenty volunteers, using a continuous intravenous infusion pattern to simulate some hormonal changes induced by major surgery. participants allocated receive either for 5 h, 1 h with simultaneous during last hour, or placebo h. Cortisol leucocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia marked reduction number T‐lymphocyte subsets (OKT3 + , OKT4...

In a randomized cross-over study healthy non-obese male human subjects received standardized isocaloric, isovolumetric meals consisting of either carbohydrate, protein or fat and non-caloric control meal an equal volume water. Peripheral venous plasma concentrations calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal (VIP), YY (PYY) were measured pre- postprandially. Plasma CGRP lowered following the meal, but remained unaltered after carbohydrate water ingestion....

Acute sublingual administration of nifedipine, 10 or 20 mg, caused a rapid dose-related decrease in blood pressure (BP) hypertensive subjects (n = 17), whereas no significant reduction was observed group normotensive 12). Forearm vascular resistance (CVR) decreased significantly both groups (31.1 and 17.2%, respectively; inter-group difference nonsignificant). The vasodilatating effect nifedipine tended to be stronger hypertensives than normotensives, as reflected by higher CVR (%)/log...

Abstract. The cardiovascular and adrenergic responses to cigarette smoking during acute selective non‐selective beta adrenoceptor blockade were studied in seven young healthy volunteers a double blind cross‐over fashion. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure, forearm flow plasma levels of adrenaline noradrenaline determined before the terminal 5 min period 15 test. During smoking, concentrations increased markedly evenly by approximately 0.3 ng/ml all three experimental sessions. Plasma...

The spleen may release pooled erythrocytes to the general circulation during strenuous conditions such as heavy exercise. Most of our knowledge this reservoir function derives from animal studies, and splenic contribution circulating blood volume in humans has been regarded unimportant. We recorded erythrocyte content human graded bicycle exercise maximal working capacity. In five normal adults 99mTc-labeled autologous were injected intravenously, subjects placed on bicycles with back...

The effects of elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and the associated endocrine stress response on natural killer (NK) cell activity in peripheral blood, distribution lymphocyte subpopulations, phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced transformation were studied 20 patients anesthetized with either etomidate-high dose fentanyl (75-125 micrograms . kg-1) or midazolam-low (less than kg-1). to surgery was measured as changes serum cortisol, plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine. Compared...

The thermic effect of carbohydrate has a component mediated by the sympathoadrenal system but unknown anatomical localization. We have studied contribution skeletal muscle to carbohydrate-rich natural meal (115 g carbohydrate, approximately 80% energy) means forearm technique on two occasions, with and without intravenous beta-blockade propranolol. meal-induced thermogenesis was reduced from 9.6 7.1% (P less than 0.04), major difference found 90 240 min after meal. postprandial increments in...

The effect of a falling plasma glucose concentration, from one hyperglycemic to another lower, yet still hyperglycemic, level, on the release counterregulatory hormones was examined in nine diabetic subjects. fasting concentration (201 ± 22 mg/dl) lowered at rate 2.3 0.3 mg/min with an exogenous insulin infusion and maintained between 100 110 mg/dl for additional 60 min employing clamp technique. During phase rapidly or shortly thereafter while being above mg/dl, eight diabetics released...

Blood glucose, glucose tolerance, serum insulin, free fatty acids in serum, plasma noradrenaline, and adrenaline were measured 10 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as well healthy subjects. Both noradrenaline elevated AMI, the level being fairly constant individual dependent on their degree of illness. In fasting state, blood AMI. Plasma showed a highly significant correlation concentration, but not insulin or acids. The concentration could be predicted only if both basal...

Plasma catecholamine concentration was measured in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid subjects employing a precise sensitive double-isotope derivative technique. In the subjects, plasma noradrenaline increased approximately three-fold supine position compared to normals. No change observed adrenaline. The also elevated standing position. After treatment with thyroxine values returned normal. patients exhibited lower than controls but difference not significant.

By the use of a precise and sensitive double-isotope derivative technic, plasma catecholamine concentration was measured at 2-hour intervals in 10 patients during first 48 hours myocardial infarction. Plasma elevated most patients, but to an extremely variable degree. In each patient, however, values were rather stable study period. High levels catecholamines correlated clinical state patients. Patients who received antiarrhythmic treatment on admission hospital had higher than untreated...