With the increase in environmental monitoring and assessing, we are gaining insight into extent of microplastic pollution our environment. The threat posed by microplastics to biota could come, e.g., from leached substances. As some plastic materials have been decaying nature for extended periods already, toxic effects leaching compounds need be investigated. It is furthermore essential understand adverse new how these differ elicited old material. Therefore, present study, exposure...

Microcystins (MCs) are the most commonly studied cyanotoxins. While these past studies have mainly focused on toxicity of MCs, evolutionary history life has shown that can be considered as an assigned role to MCs. Nowadays, there is a growing interest in understanding importance cyanotoxins any physiological processes or beyond at ecological level. This review evaluates variously proposed intracellular and extracellular functions MCs how they benefit producing cyanobacterium. However,...

In the last few years, several studies have investigated microplastics (MPs) in marine ecosystems, but data monitoring and assessing occurrence freshwater environments are still scarce. The present study aims to investigate occurrence, distribution, chemical composition of MP pollution Vesijärvi lake Pikku pond close city Lahti (Finland) winter. Sediment, snow, ice core samples were collected near shore these two aquatic systems. MPs analysed identified by a non-destructive method using...

Plastic has been an environmental pollutant far longer than claimed by the first reports surfacing in 1979, meaning some plastic materials have decaying nature for decades. Nevertheless, threat posed to biota is not fully understood, especially from aged microplastic. The question considered this study was whether adverse effects of new differ those old material. Therefore, morphological and physiological on Lepidium sativum with exposure both polycarbonate were against a known stressor...

Plastic waste is recognised as hazardous, with the risk increasing polymers break down in nature to secondary microplastics or even nanoplastics. The number of studies reporting on prevalence microplastic every perceivable niche and bioavailable biota dramatically increasing. Knowledge ecotoxicology advancing well; however, information regarding plants, specifically aquatic macrophytes, still lacking. present study aimed gain more ecotoxicological effects six different polymer types 4 mm...

The progressive degradation of surface freshwater quality due to the mass proliferation toxic cyanobacterial blooms is growing global concern. occurrence not a new phenomenon. However, increase in frequency, duration, and distribution could be observed past decades. Evidence suggests that this trend might attributed complex interplay direct indirect anthropogenic influences. underlying causes interrelations for development have been fully clarified. Nonetheless, all evidence points fact...

Microplastics (MPs) of varying sizes are widespread pollutants in our environment. The general opinion is that the smaller size, more dangerous MPs due to enhanced uptake possibilities. It would be considerably ecological significance understand response biota microplastic contamination both physically and physiologically. Here, we report on an area choice experiment (avoidance test) using Enchytraeus crypticus, which mixed different amounts high-density polyethylene particles into soil. In...

Microplastics have been detected in several aquatic organisms, especially bivalves such as clams, oysters, and mussels. To understand the ecotoxicological implication of microplastic accumulation biota, it is crucial to investigate effects at physiological level identify knowledge gaps regarding threat posed environment assist decision-makers set necessary priorities. Typically, xenobiotics elicit an overproduction reactive oxygen species resulting oxidative stress cellular damage when not...

Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants, which considered ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems. The effects of MPs on biota still poorly understood, and consequently, there is a need to understand the impacts that may pose organisms. In present study, Tubifex tubifex, freshwater oligochaete commonly used as bioindicator environment, was exposed fluorescent polyethylene microspheres (up 10 µm size) test whether oxidative stress status affected. mortality rate T. well activities biomarker...

Oxytetracycline is an antibiotic widely employed in aquaculture to control and treat bacterial diseases of fish. Due ineffective wastewater treatment, residues from fish ponds are directly released into surface groundwater affecting the environment. The Green Liver System® a sustainable cost-effective water treatment based on ability aquatic plants biotransformation xenobiotics. To expand application range this system, Egeria densa, Azolla caroliniana, Taxiphyllum barbieri were tested...

&#946-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) is a difficult molecule to detect, primarily due its presence in low concentrations complex matrices. This has resulted contradictory reports on the of BMAA cyanobacteria. We report improved sensitivity detection using propyl chloroformate derivatisation, liquid chromatographic (LC) separation, andsingle quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS) detection. Triple (MS/MS) was used confirm identity cyanobacteria based product ions. show 10-fold increase with LC-MS...

The Iraí Reservoir, a water supply in Brazil, is constantly impacted by anthropogenic activities such as waste inputs from agriculture, hospitals and urbanization, resulting toxic cyanobacterial blooms causing economic, social environmental problems. This study assessed the concentration of some common contaminants namely paracetamol, diclofenac microcystin-LR tested whether laboratory scale Green Liver System® would serve suitable technology to remove these contaminants. Further,...

Diclofenac (DCF) is a pharmaceutical drug widely found in the aquatic environment, where it represents persistent, anthropogenic hazard to all biota. Owing reported inefficiency of water treatment strategies remove pharmaceuticals, present study aimed investigate ability fungus Mucor hiemalis take up and accumulate DCF. Cultures M. were exposed varying concentrations DCF (10, 25 50 µg/L) over period 144 h. In presence hiemalis, media decreased by 95% within 24 This early removal was most...