This article presents the transformation of foreign trade in 10 post-socialist countries, current members EU. Special focus is given to more significant role these countries began play global value chains (GVCs) as a result liberalisation processes and integration within In addition, evaluates their place vertical specialisation. To locate each country on chain compare them with selected complex methods measuring level participation European GVCs were employed. These allow position...

Abstract The paper focuses on demographic and social changes caused by peri-urban development in rural areas Latvia, Poland, Germany after the system transformation began. article analyses as a mostly phenomenon, process of displacement. Rural interacts with urban influences, changing role functions areas. This is reflected departure from agricultural functions, more intensive construction activities land use. also includes socio-demographic socio-cultural changes. Simultaneously there are...

Generation Z is the crucial cohort that will have to face issues resulting from human impacts on environment. The oldest members of this generation are now entering adulthood. Even though a global and homogeneous cohort, research indicates type settlement unit where one lives may condition emergence intra-generational differences. study focused determining pro-environmental behaviour (PEB) perspective former-socialist European country, Poland. We explored motivational factors Polish towards...

The paper aims at determining the role played by funds from European Union in development of renewable energy sources Poland context cohesion policy. We have derived data official Funds Portal for size projects and financial support obtained use a specific source. analyzed all (928) related to hydro- geothermal energy, biomass (together with biogas), wind, solar implemented 16 voivodships (administrative regions second order, NUTS 2). It must be mentioned that, programming period 2007–2013,...

Abstract The study aims to present the structure and analyse distribution of economic activities comprising creative sector (covering 10 sections PKD 2007 - Polish Classification Activities based on NACE rev. 2 Statistical Economic in European Community) economy context potential basis for formation clusters Poland. concentrates numbers firms all 3,076 gminas (306 urban gminas, 1,576 rural 597 urban-rural gminas; latter, areas are considered separately). As found, most involved architectural...

This article presents the Central and Eastern European (CCE) countries their role in global value chains (GVCs). The analysis consists of two steps. Firstly, we evaluated economic potential CEE countries. Secondly, assessed states international production linkages. We tested hypothesis that higher expressed a more business-friendly economy is found country most involved GVC context foreign trade exchange. Results confirm relation between involvement GVCs not obvious depends on many factors.

Undoubtedly, one of the greatest challenges to civilisation today is need fulfil commitments build a just and caring global society. These also apply tourism sector. The aim article was determine how identify opportunities for sustainable development based on cultural heritage in medium-sized cities whose assets can hardly be considered outstanding. This an even more significant problem, as conditions relatively low tourist traffic may have unsustainable character if relevant policy pursued...

Research on suburban zones, which has been carried out for many years, allows us to assume that, as in the case of urban space, zones are predestined become smart spaces. The city, proposed by Komninos (2019), is understood broadly an region, zone second component next large city. However, while new technologies present cities innovation centres, their diffusion may be much slower and more diverse have developing Poland since late system transition. This paper addresses presence innovative...

Abstract It is widely accepted that the cultural sector and creative have an impact on socio-economic revival of cities. They create urban images, form a specific milieu, generate new jobs, organize space. The above-mentioned observations been mainly referred to largest So far, small cities not subject similar considerations. As many studies shown in recent years, potential culture for development has noticed more often. refers countries Western Europe or North America where generally,...

Globalisation and cultural homogenisation are still vital processes that drive the unification of leisure behaviour around world, especially among youngest generation. This is particularly important for post-socialist countries because until 1989, there was no access to Western ways spending free time. Polish Generation Z first generation born raised entirely in a country. Therefore, question arises whether 30 years have passed since fall Berlin Wall been sufficient unify Z's time under...

Motives: A fundamental tenet of sustainable development (SD) posits that all human endeavors should prioritize ecological safety. This underscores the significance knowledge about ways in which these activities manifest social attitudes, as an indicator environmental awareness (EA) levels. Given relevance EA, this issue be examined across diverse communities and groups, such urban rural residents, to catalyze adoption SD principles. It is assumed concentration population societal structures...

The purpose of this article is to verify the thesis put forward by Skot-Hansen et al. (2013) with regard potential modern libraries, but considered in context an investment located a post-socialist medium-sized city Poland. study focuses on determining whether it possible create ordinary country belonging Socialist Bloc 1945–1989 extraordinary library which will have become (1) icon, (2) placemaker and (3) part community vitalisation. Such libraries indicated (2013). They analyse large...

Abstract This paper seeks to analyse directions in foreign trade the post-communist countries of Europe over years 2000-2012 context changes observed other EU states. It was assumed that states would be similar those noted Western Europe. On basis data derived from OECD, EUROSTAT and OECD-WTO we show trading rules used by old EU-15 adopted have brought them measurable benefits. As a result, economies become EU-15. Considering structure their links with EU-15, it is apparent they main...

Germany - Two Demographically Different States? The paper is an attempt of answer how belonging to different political, economical and cultural structures has influenced diverse population processes their spatial diversity. As example the research these phenomena there was chosen that until 1990 were two separated socio-political formations (the German Democratic Republic (GDR) Federal FRG). This state, with a number about 82 millions presently, as it turns out besides passage time...

The paper aims at analyzing the significance of EU funds in creation sport and recreation infrastructure Poland context Cohesion Policy.The research has been conducted on basis data derived from official websites Regional Operational Program for Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodship 2007-2013 (ROP WKP).The information applications approved by European Commission programming period available have currently upgraded monitored.In order to achieve aim a analysis included all investments financed...

Revitalisation is a natural consequence of social, economic and spatial transformations taking place around the world. This process seems to be particularly dynamic in Europe where it characteristic answer industrialisation turn 20th century. Revitalisation, understood as reaction appearance degradation processes negative socio-economic consequences related them urban space, adverse phenomena particular highly developed regions In study, authors considered revitalization case study Ghent....

Abstract 1989 was a turning point in the socio-economic development former Eastern bloc, initiating systemic transformation that affected society at large. It also contributed to crystallisation of certain cultural landscapes, hitherto largely illegible due inhibition spatial processes encountered during socialism. In Poland, after quarter-century free market economy, focus on social problems began expand realm as well. became apparent progressive polarisation followed most prominent...

W analizie zastosowano jedną ze względnych skal satysfakcji, tj. skalę ważności-realizacji (importance-performance analysis) służącą do pomiaru kompleksowej oceny jakości usług świadczonych w uzdrowisku. Badanie oparto na wywiadach kwestionariuszowych przeprowadzonych wśród respondentów wieku powyżej 60 lat przebywających kuracji uzdrowisku Ciechocinek. Ustalono hierarchię cech wpływających ogólne postrzeganie usług, zestawiając tym samym subiektywne oczekiwania...

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza i ocena procesu planistycznego w kontekście kwestii związanych ze środowiskiem przyrodniczym. Środowisko przyrodnicze z jednej strony istotnym elementem umożliwiającym rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy sensu largo, a drugiej wpływa ono znacząco na jakość życia mieszkańców, sposób oczywisty podnosząc jej poziom. Dlatego też właściwe kształtowanie środowiska szczególnie istotne powinno być kluczowym prowadzonej przez władze polityki miejskiej. Ponadto idea...

In the following article author attempts to analyze changes in domestic trade, and more precisely, qualitative quantitative fluctuations reference retail shops found Polish towns 1995 2003. The taken into consideration remained below 20,000 dwellers. Throughout analysis was searching for regularities of numbers retailers as well reasons those individual groups classified according their size. Another aspect spatial positioning analyzed differences. Accessibility shops, both time space, town...

Internal Migration in Germany 1990 And 2005 The article seeks to answer the questions concerning possibility of identifying regular patterns within internal migration towns and rural areas Federal Republic as well factors contributing regional variations process. research involves 439 German counties (Kreise) compares data on country years 1991 2005, i.e. from its reunification until year 2005. 15-year period functioning one reunited state has been assumed sufficient for capturing some...

Economic transition initiated in the former Communist countries Europe 1990s has had a strong impact on all spheres of life including tourism. Depreciated stateowned spas were subject to transformation resulting inter alia ownership change. The article highlights and evaluates relationship between progress privatisation ability acquire EU funds by example 16 located similar-sized settlements Poland. It shows that regulated legal status, thus providing companies with stability, created...

This paper describes the use of cultural services in small Polish towns against other and cities taking into account sector represented by museums, centers, cinemas libraries. The study was based on CSO data urban centers with less than 20 thousand inhabitants. It found that some changes availability facilities providing are consistent to those seen larger cities.