This work thoroughly mechanically characterizes the DU® metal-polymer coating from GGB Bearing Technology by augmented multi-scale Instrumented Indentation Test (IIT). Nano-IIT will evaluate uniformity of Pb particles dispersion in outermost layer. Dynamic nano-IIT investigate damping properties material as a function load frequency. Micro-IIT tackle layer thickness evaluation and gradient mechanical through layers continuous multi-cycle indentations. Data augmentation provided synchronous...

Leather is a fully biobased material (100% biodegradable organic material, with collagen as the main constituent), derived from food industry byproducts (animal skin butchery), which represents an excellence for Italian (in last years production value reached 4.6 billion euros and export of 3.2 euros) highly sustainable material. However, its still strongly handicraft, traditional unfortunately based on employment toxic chemicals, such chromium glutaraldehyde. A deep knowledge tanning...

Abstract The development of reliable additive manufacturing (AM) technologies to process metallic materials, e.g. selective laser melting (SLM), has allowed their adoption for final components. To date, ensuring part quality and control low-volume AM productions is still critical because traditional statistical techniques are often not suitable. this aim, extensive research been carried out on the optimisation material properties SLM parts prevent defects guarantee quality. Amongst all...

Abstract Point autofocus instruments are often used for measuring the surface topography of objects with complex geometry. Determining metrological characteristics instrument is key to ensuring a traceable areal measurement. In this work, several characteristics, as outlined in ISO/FDIS 25178-600, determined commercial point instrument, including flatness deviation, amplification and linearity lateral vertical axes, perpendicularity between axes. Calibrated material measures an optical flat,...

Abstract The number of materials processed via additive manufacturing (AM) technologies has rapidly increased over the past decade. As these emerging technologies, electron beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF) process is becoming an enabling technology to manufacture complex-shaped components made thermal-cracking sensitive materials, such as AISI H13 hot-work tool steel. In this process, a proper combination parameters should be employed produce dense parts. Therefore, one first steps in EB-PBF...

Abstract Laser welding is particularly relevant in the industry thanks to its simplicity, flexibility and final quality. The 4.0 sustainable manufacturing framework gives massive attention situ non‐destructive inspection methods predict laser weld Literature often resorts supervised Machine Learning approaches. However, selecting ApTest method non‐trivial decision making relies on diverse unclearly defined criteria. This work addresses this task by proposing a statistical comparison based...

In this work, the measurement noise of a point autofocus surface topography measuring instrument is evaluated, as first step towards establishing route to traceability for type instrument. The evaluation based on determination metrological characteristics outlined in draft ISO specification standards by using calibrated optical flat. static and repeatability sensor are evaluated. influence environmental disturbances measured built-in software compensate such influences also investigated. was...

Instrumented Indentation Test (IIT) is a non-conventional mechanical characterization technique to evaluate hardness, Young modulus, creep and relaxation of materials. In the macro range, it represents cheaper faster alternative conventional tensile-based tests. IIT metrological scale; thus, establish traceability, calibration essential. Frame compliance critical because major contribution measurement uncertainty. This work discusses limits current state-of-the-art proposes novel methodology...

Abstract Modern smart and intelligent manufacturing is characterised by an increasing use of highly engineered surfaces quasi‐free form geometries, for example, additive manufacturing, the requirement fast informative measurement tools quality controls in production. These have lately pulled towards adoption optical surface topography measuring instruments to qualify technological surfaces, which are core being assessed characterise product optimise process. Surface measurements performed...

Surface technology is essential to engineer surface properties by topologically optimised design or machining and finishing treatments. Optical topography measuring instruments represent state-of-the-art solution characterise technological surfaces. Topographies measured optical are affected errors (non-measured points spikes), due complex interactions between the measurand (the topography) instrument, liable of poor measurement quality biasing characterisation. The literature proposes...

Instrumented Indentation Test allows thorough surface multi-scale mechanical characterisation by depth-sensing the indenter penetration and correlating it with indenter-sample contact area applied force. Localised plastic phenomena at indentation edge, i.e. pile-up sink-in, may bias results. Current approaches attempt correcting related systematic errors numerical simulation AFM-based techniques. However, they require careful tuning complex expensive experimental procedures. This work...

The Instrumented Indentation Test (IIT) mechanically characterizes materials from the nano to macro scale, enabling evaluation of microstructure and ultra-thin coatings. IIT is a non-conventional technique applied in strategic sectors, e.g., automotive, aerospace physics, foster development innovative manufacturing processes. However, material plasticity at indentation edge biases characterization results. Correcting such effects extremely challenging, several methods have been proposed...

Instrumented Indentation Test (IIT) is a nonconventional mechanical tests allowing multi-scale characterisation. It employed for research and quality control in strategic manufacturing fields developing edge technologies. The state-of-the-art lacks robust methodology to assess of indentations benchmark indentation devices. This limiting the application IIT specifying verifying tolerances. work proposes an uncertainty-based evaluation tool IIT. A non-parametric uncertainty calibration...

Virtual experiments (VEs) and digital twins (DTs), pivotal for realizing European strategic policies on sustainability digitalization within Industry 4.0 the Green Deal, simulate physical systems characteristics in a virtual environment, with DTs incorporating dynamic inputs from outputs to real-world counterpart. To ensure confidence their use outcomes, traceability methods evaluate measurement uncertainty are needed, topics that hardly covered by literature so far. This paper provides...

Additive Manufacturing is a key enabling technology for Industry 4.0 and the Green Deal, allowing more efficient resources exploitation while providing innovative design to critical components. Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion (EB-PBF) an edge many sectors, i.e. aerospace, medical, automotive. The control of surface finish by topography measurements essential engineer functional properties, whose specifications are application specific. This works investigates effect thin-wall orientation...