In this work, a comprehensive dynamic model of moving grate Waste-to-Energy plant is developed using MATLAB Simulink. The objective to develop reliable and flexible which can reproduce the behavior combustion chamber boiler. For purpose, an extensive number process data used both in development for validation. Contrary previous works literature, fluctuations waste properties operational set points are taken into account. validated then study response changes important parameters. As...

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a heterogeneous and complex fuel. Time-resolved knowledge of its physical and/or chemical properties key to ensure stable Waste-to-Energy (WtE) plant operation. For this purpose, Gaussian processes regression (GPR) models were developed predict the daily lower heating value MSW using historical data from WtE plant, together with weather calendar data. The training dataset consisted 730 observation points between January 2017 December 2018, validation had 294...

In this work, the performance of an amine-based post-combustion carbon capture system using MEA (monoethanolamine) integrated to a Waste-to-Energy (WtE) plant is studied. WtE plants are affected by fluctuations at different time-scales, due changes in waste properties as well variations district heat demand. A dynamic model combined used study effect flue gas on operation, and integrating into plant. When two considered separately, requirement corresponds 27% nominal thermal capacity plants,...

Key performance indicators (KPIs) are powerful tools that industries can use not only to monitor their activities but also highlight unexploited potential. Energy-based KPIs nowadays mostly used evaluate industrial process performances. However, these might present some limitations and give misleading results in circumstances. An example is represented by processes make of different energy forms (eg, electricity heat) material inputs, therefore difficult compare terms energy. A further be...

Abstract Reindeer in the arctic region live under very harsh conditions and may face temperatures below 233 K. Therefore, efficient conservation of body heat water is important for their survival. Alongside insulating fur, reindeer nasal mechanism mass exchange during respiration plays a fundamental role. We present dynamic model to describe transport that takes place inside nose, where we account complicated geometrical structure subsystems are part nose. The correctly captures trend...

Entropy production minimization procedures presented in literature show that under different assumptions the optimal solution might be characterized by thermodynamic quantities being constant. These constant local entropy production, driving forces, speed, or length. After presenting made derivations, we use results as design principles to reduce a membrane unit for CO2 separation from natural gas, and compare them numerically determined optimum. For continuous process, consider...

Abstract Reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus ) have evolved elaborate nasal turbinate structures that are perfused via a complex vascular network. These subject to thermoregulatory control, shifting between heat conservation and dissipation, according the animal’s needs. The three-dimensional design of is essential in sense they determine efficiency with which water transferred structure respired air. turbinates already relatively large surface area at birth, but yet not reached complexity mature...

The aim of this study was to develop a data analysis method which could provide operational insights and guidelines waste-to-energy (WtE) plant operators. A filter outliers with changing properties combined cross-correlation that can capture nonlinearity quantify time lags between variables. applied dataset obtained from commercial WtE plant. able detect already established correlations such as the influence combustion conditions on NOx CO emissions, both had positive correlation O2...

Nonequilibrium interface phenomena play a key role in crystallization, hydrate formation, pipeline depressurization, and multitude of other examples. Square gradient theory extended to the nonequilibrium domain is powerful tool for understanding these processes. The gives an accurate prediction surface tension at equilibrium, only with temperature-dependent influence parameters. We extend this work square model have extension leads thermodynamic quantities which depend on temperature...

In a world where resources are limited and their use will necessary have an impact, efficient handling of becomes essential. This review concerns three thermodynamic tools that can be systematically used to evaluate improve resource use. The related the second law thermodynamics, which sets general framework for all conversion processes, including food processing. We address benefits using exergy analysis map losses energy quality in process. done at every scale, from nation scale process...

The NET theory predicts the coupling between reaction rates and thermal driving forces gives new insights into why Arrhenius plots may turn out to be non-linear.