Abstract Aim More than ever, ecologists seek to understand how species are distributed and have assembled into communities using the “filtering framework”. This framework is based on hypothesis that local assemblages result from a series of abiotic biotic filters applied regional pools these leave predictable signals in observed diversity patterns. In theory, statistical comparisons expected patterns enable data‐driven tests assembly processes. However, so far this has fallen short...

Abstract It has long been anticipated that relating functional traits to species demography would be a cornerstone for achieving large-scale predictability of ecological systems. If such relationship existed, could modeled only by measuring traits, transforming our ability predict states and dynamics species-rich communities with process-based community models. Here, we introduce new method links empirical the demographic parameters model calibrating transfer function through inverse...

Summary Assembly of grassland communities has long been scrutinized through the lens functional diversity. Studies generally point to an overwhelming influence climate on observed patterns diversity, despite experimental evidence demonstrating importance biotic interactions. We postulate that this is because most observational studies neglect both scale dependencies assembly processes and phenotypic variation between individuals. Here, we test for changes in abiotic filtering interactions...

Abstract Restoring resilient ecosystems in an era of rapid environmental change requires a flexible framework for selecting assemblages species based on functional traits. However, current trait‐based models have been limited to algorithms that select only converge specified average trait values, and could not accommodate the common desire among restoration ecologists generate functionally diverse assemblages. We solved this problem by applying nonlinear optimization algorithm solve relative...

Abstract Describing how ecological interactions change over space and time they are shaped by environmental conditions is crucial to understand predict ecosystem trajectories. However, it requires having an appropriate framework measure network diversity locally, regionally between samples (α‐, γ‐ β‐diversity). Here, we propose a unifying that builds on Hill numbers accounts both for the probabilistic nature of biotic abundances species or groups. We emphasise importance analysing across...

Abstract Questions Traditional null models used to reveal assembly processes from functional diversity patterns are not tailored for comparing different spatial and evolutionary scales. In this study, we present explore a family of that can help disentangling at their appropriate scales thereby elucidate the ecological drivers community assembly. Location French Alps. Methods Our approach gradually constrains by: (1) filtering out species able survive in regional conditions order reduce...

Climate and land cover changes are important drivers of the plant species distributions diversity patterns in mountainous regions. Although need for a multifaceted view based on taxonomic, functional phylogenetic dimensions is now commonly recognized, there no complete risk assessments concerning their expected changes. In this paper, we used range distribution models an ensemble‐forecasting framework together with regional climate projections by 2080 to analyze potential threat more than...

Different assembly processes drive the spatial structure of meta-communities (beta-diversity). Recently, functional and phylogenetic diversities have been suggested as indicators these processes. Assuming that diversity is a good proxy for niche overlap, high beta-diversity along environmental gradients should be result filtering while low stem from competitive interactions. So far, studies trying to disentangle relative importance provided mixed results. One reason this may often rely on...

Abstract Investigating how trophic interactions influence the β‐diversity of meta‐communities is paramount importance to understanding processes shaping biodiversity distribution. Here, we apply a statistical method for inferring strength spatial dependencies between pairs species groups. Using simulated community data generated from multi‐trophic model, showed that this can approximate biotic in communities based on patterns across When applied soil along an elevational gradient French...

Abstract Assembly of plant communities has long been scrutinized through the lens trait‐based ecology. Studies generally analyse functional traits related to vegetative growth, survival and resource acquisition thus ignore how assembly rules may affect plants at other stages their life cycle, particularly when seeds disperse, persist in soil germinate. Here, we analysed an extensive dataset 16 for 167 species measured in‐situ 36 grasslands located along elevation gradient studied impact...

All organisms must simultaneously tolerate the environment and access limiting resources if they are to persist. Approaches understanding abiotic filtering competitive interactions have generally been developed independently. Consequently, integrating those factors predict species abundances community structure remains an unresolved challenge. We introduce a new synthetic framework that models both competition by using functional traits. First, our estimates carrying capacities along...

Abstract Biotic interactions are widely recognised as the backbone of ecological communities, but how best to study them is a subject intense debate, especially at macro‐ecological scales. While some researchers claim that biotic need be observed directly, others use proxies and statistical approaches infer them. Despite this ambiguity, studying predicting influence on biogeographic patterns thriving area research with crucial implications for conservation. Three distinct currently being...

Abstract Much effort has been devoted to better understanding the effects of environment and biodiversity on ecosystem functioning. However, few studies have moved beyond measuring as species richness a single group and/or focusing function. While there is growing recognition that along environmental gradients, compositional turnover multiple trophic groups influences not only productivity but functions, we do know yet which components multi‐trophic β‐diversity influence functions. Here,...

Abstract Climate change is expected to modify current ecological conditions sustaining the coexistence of species within cold‐adapted plant communities. It will primarily act upon existing structure communities, whose response should depend on functional differences governing among alpine species. We postulated that a possible trade‐off between (1) growth in temperature, (2) competition and (3) resistance herbivory, modulates rate community turnover under climate change. reviewed literature...

Soil microbial communities play a key role in ecosystem functioning but still little is known about the processes that determine their turnover (β‐diversity) along ecological gradients. Here, we characterize soil β‐diversity at two spatial scales and multiple phylogenetic grains to ask how archaeal, bacterial fungal are shaped by abiotic biotic interactions with plants. We characterized plant using DNA metabarcoding of samples distributed across within eighteen plots an elevation gradient...

All organisms must simultaneously tolerate the environment and access limiting resources if they are to persist. Otherwise go extinct. Approaches understanding environmental tolerance resource competition have generally been developed independently. Consequently, integrating factors that determine abiotic with those affect competitive interactions model species abundances community structure remains an unresolved challenge. This is likely reason why current models of assembly do not...

• Premise of study: Plant functional traits are commonly used as proxies for plant responses to environmental challenges, yet few studies have explored how trait distributions differ across gradients land‐use change. By comparing in intact forests with those change gradients, we can improve our understanding the ways alters diversity and functioning communities. Methods: We examined variation distribution values seven between reference natural forest three types conversion (pasture,...

Our understanding of how biotic interactions influence animal community assembly is largely restricted to local systems due the difficulty obtaining ecologically meaningful assemblage data across large spatial extents. Here, we used thousands spatio‐phenologically high‐resolution assemblages three distinct European regions together with a functional diversity approach understand dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata), an insect group characterized by pronounced competitive reproductive...

Abstract Livestock farmers rely on a high and stable grassland productivity for fodder production to sustain their livelihoods. Future drought events related climate change, however, threaten functionality in many regions across the globe. The introduction of sustainable management could buffer these negative effects. According biodiversity–productivity hypothesis, positively associates with local biodiversity. biodiversity–insurance hypothesis states that higher biodiversity enhances...

Grasslands deliver the resources for food production and are among most biologically diverse ecosystems. These characteristics often in conflict as increasing yield through fertilization can lead to biodiversity loss. Thus, challenge grassland management is sustain both diversity. Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning experiments typically reveal a positive relationship between manipulated species diversity productivity. In contrast, observations of effect productivity via suggest negative...

Reconstructing the processes that have shaped emergence of biodiversity gradients is critical to understand dynamics diversification life on Earth. Islands traditionally been used as model systems unravel shaping biological diversity. MacArthur and Wilson's island biogeographic predicts diversity be based dynamic interactions between colonization extinction rates, while treating islands themselves geologically static entities. The current spatial configuration should influence...

The α, β, γ diversity decomposition methodology is commonly used to investigate changes in over space or time but rarely conjointly. However, with the ever-increasing availability of large-scale biodiversity monitoring data, there a need for sound capable simultaneously accounting spatial and temporal diversity.Using properties Chao's index, we adapted Rao's framework between orthogonal dimensions multiplicative functional phylogenetic time, thereby combining their respective properties. We...